Mucosal Vaccination Against Periodontal Disease: Current Status and Opportunities

Approximately 9 out of 10 adults have some form of periodontal disease, an infection-induced inflammatory disease of the tooth-supporting tissues. The initial form, gingivitis, often remains asymptomatic, but this can evolve into periodontitis, which is typically associated with halitosis, oral pain...

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Autores principales:	Victor Vaernewyck, Boaz Arzi, Niek N. Sanders, Eric Cox, Bert Devriendt
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	periodontal disease gingivitis periodontitis mucosal vaccine periodontal vaccine Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ae572632467a49349f1544b482a3dd74
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ae572632467a49349f1544b482a3dd742021-12-02T11:48:38ZMucosal Vaccination Against Periodontal Disease: Current Status and Opportunities1664-322410.3389/fimmu.2021.768397https://doaj.org/article/ae572632467a49349f1544b482a3dd742021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.768397/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-3224Approximately 9 out of 10 adults have some form of periodontal disease, an infection-induced inflammatory disease of the tooth-supporting tissues. The initial form, gingivitis, often remains asymptomatic, but this can evolve into periodontitis, which is typically associated with halitosis, oral pain or discomfort, and tooth loss. Furthermore, periodontitis may contribute to systemic disorders like cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Control options remain nonspecific, time-consuming, and costly; largely relying on the removal of dental plaque and calculus by mechanical debridement. However, while dental plaque bacteria trigger periodontal disease, it is the host-specific inflammatory response that acts as main driver of tissue destruction and disease progression. Therefore, periodontal disease control should aim to alter the host’s inflammatory response as well as to reduce the bacterial triggers. Vaccines may provide a potent adjunct to mechanical debridement for periodontal disease prevention and treatment. However, the immunopathogenic complexity and polymicrobial aspect of PD appear to complicate the development of periodontal vaccines. Moreover, a successful periodontal vaccine should induce protective immunity in the oral cavity, which proves difficult with traditional vaccination methods. Recent advances in mucosal vaccination may bridge the gap in periodontal vaccine development. In this review, we offer a comprehensive overview of mucosal vaccination strategies to induce protective immunity in the oral cavity for periodontal disease control. Furthermore, we highlight the need for additional research with appropriate and clinically relevant animal models. Finally, we discuss several opportunities in periodontal vaccine development such as multivalency, vaccine formulations, and delivery systems.Victor VaernewyckBoaz ArziBoaz ArziNiek N. SandersEric CoxBert DevriendtFrontiers Media S.A.articleperiodontal diseasegingivitisperiodontitismucosal vaccineperiodontal vaccineImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607ENFrontiers in Immunology, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	periodontal disease gingivitis periodontitis mucosal vaccine periodontal vaccine Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
spellingShingle	periodontal disease gingivitis periodontitis mucosal vaccine periodontal vaccine Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Victor Vaernewyck Boaz Arzi Boaz Arzi Niek N. Sanders Eric Cox Bert Devriendt Mucosal Vaccination Against Periodontal Disease: Current Status and Opportunities
description	Approximately 9 out of 10 adults have some form of periodontal disease, an infection-induced inflammatory disease of the tooth-supporting tissues. The initial form, gingivitis, often remains asymptomatic, but this can evolve into periodontitis, which is typically associated with halitosis, oral pain or discomfort, and tooth loss. Furthermore, periodontitis may contribute to systemic disorders like cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Control options remain nonspecific, time-consuming, and costly; largely relying on the removal of dental plaque and calculus by mechanical debridement. However, while dental plaque bacteria trigger periodontal disease, it is the host-specific inflammatory response that acts as main driver of tissue destruction and disease progression. Therefore, periodontal disease control should aim to alter the host’s inflammatory response as well as to reduce the bacterial triggers. Vaccines may provide a potent adjunct to mechanical debridement for periodontal disease prevention and treatment. However, the immunopathogenic complexity and polymicrobial aspect of PD appear to complicate the development of periodontal vaccines. Moreover, a successful periodontal vaccine should induce protective immunity in the oral cavity, which proves difficult with traditional vaccination methods. Recent advances in mucosal vaccination may bridge the gap in periodontal vaccine development. In this review, we offer a comprehensive overview of mucosal vaccination strategies to induce protective immunity in the oral cavity for periodontal disease control. Furthermore, we highlight the need for additional research with appropriate and clinically relevant animal models. Finally, we discuss several opportunities in periodontal vaccine development such as multivalency, vaccine formulations, and delivery systems.
format	article
author	Victor Vaernewyck Boaz Arzi Boaz Arzi Niek N. Sanders Eric Cox Bert Devriendt
author_facet	Victor Vaernewyck Boaz Arzi Boaz Arzi Niek N. Sanders Eric Cox Bert Devriendt
author_sort	Victor Vaernewyck
title	Mucosal Vaccination Against Periodontal Disease: Current Status and Opportunities
title_short	Mucosal Vaccination Against Periodontal Disease: Current Status and Opportunities
title_full	Mucosal Vaccination Against Periodontal Disease: Current Status and Opportunities
title_fullStr	Mucosal Vaccination Against Periodontal Disease: Current Status and Opportunities
title_full_unstemmed	Mucosal Vaccination Against Periodontal Disease: Current Status and Opportunities
title_sort	mucosal vaccination against periodontal disease: current status and opportunities
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ae572632467a49349f1544b482a3dd74
work_keys_str_mv	AT victorvaernewyck mucosalvaccinationagainstperiodontaldiseasecurrentstatusandopportunities AT boazarzi mucosalvaccinationagainstperiodontaldiseasecurrentstatusandopportunities AT boazarzi mucosalvaccinationagainstperiodontaldiseasecurrentstatusandopportunities AT nieknsanders mucosalvaccinationagainstperiodontaldiseasecurrentstatusandopportunities AT ericcox mucosalvaccinationagainstperiodontaldiseasecurrentstatusandopportunities AT bertdevriendt mucosalvaccinationagainstperiodontaldiseasecurrentstatusandopportunities
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Mucosal Vaccination Against Periodontal Disease: Current Status and Opportunities

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