Magnetic-stimulation-related physiological artifacts in hemodynamic near-infrared spectroscopy signals.

Hemodynamic responses evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can be measured with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). This study demonstrates that cerebral neuronal activity is not their sole contributor. We compared bilateral NIRS responses following brain stimulation to those from the sh...

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Autores principales:	Tiina Näsi, Hanna Mäki, Kalle Kotilahti, Ilkka Nissilä, Petri Haapalahti, Risto J Ilmoniemi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ae6b8e47df744085ac6254f53c545541
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ae6b8e47df744085ac6254f53c5455412021-11-18T06:47:10ZMagnetic-stimulation-related physiological artifacts in hemodynamic near-infrared spectroscopy signals.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0024002https://doaj.org/article/ae6b8e47df744085ac6254f53c5455412011-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21887362/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Hemodynamic responses evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can be measured with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). This study demonstrates that cerebral neuronal activity is not their sole contributor. We compared bilateral NIRS responses following brain stimulation to those from the shoulders evoked by shoulder stimulation and contrasted them with changes in circulatory parameters. The left primary motor cortex of ten subjects was stimulated with 8-s repetitive TMS trains at 0.5, 1, and 2 Hz at an intensity of 75% of the resting motor threshold. Hemoglobin concentration changes were measured with NIRS on the stimulated and contralateral hemispheres. The photoplethysmograph (PPG) amplitude and heart rate were recorded as well. The left shoulder of ten other subjects was stimulated with the same protocol while the hemoglobin concentration changes in both shoulders were measured. In addition to PPG amplitude and heart rate, the pulse transit time was recorded. The brain stimulation reduced the total hemoglobin concentration (HbT) on the stimulated and contralateral hemispheres. The shoulder stimulation reduced HbT on the stimulated shoulder but increased it contralaterally. The waveforms of the HbT responses on the stimulated hemisphere and shoulder correlated strongly with each other (r = 0.65-0.87). All circulatory parameters were also affected. The results suggest that the TMS-evoked NIRS signal includes components that do not result directly from cerebral neuronal activity. These components arise from local effects of TMS on the vasculature. Also global circulatory effects due to arousal may affect the responses. Thus, studies involving TMS-evoked NIRS responses should be carefully controlled for physiological artifacts and effective artifact removal methods are needed to draw inferences about TMS-evoked brain activity.Tiina NäsiHanna MäkiKalle KotilahtiIlkka NissiläPetri HaapalahtiRisto J IlmoniemiPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 8, p e24002 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Tiina Näsi Hanna Mäki Kalle Kotilahti Ilkka Nissilä Petri Haapalahti Risto J Ilmoniemi Magnetic-stimulation-related physiological artifacts in hemodynamic near-infrared spectroscopy signals.
description	Hemodynamic responses evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can be measured with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). This study demonstrates that cerebral neuronal activity is not their sole contributor. We compared bilateral NIRS responses following brain stimulation to those from the shoulders evoked by shoulder stimulation and contrasted them with changes in circulatory parameters. The left primary motor cortex of ten subjects was stimulated with 8-s repetitive TMS trains at 0.5, 1, and 2 Hz at an intensity of 75% of the resting motor threshold. Hemoglobin concentration changes were measured with NIRS on the stimulated and contralateral hemispheres. The photoplethysmograph (PPG) amplitude and heart rate were recorded as well. The left shoulder of ten other subjects was stimulated with the same protocol while the hemoglobin concentration changes in both shoulders were measured. In addition to PPG amplitude and heart rate, the pulse transit time was recorded. The brain stimulation reduced the total hemoglobin concentration (HbT) on the stimulated and contralateral hemispheres. The shoulder stimulation reduced HbT on the stimulated shoulder but increased it contralaterally. The waveforms of the HbT responses on the stimulated hemisphere and shoulder correlated strongly with each other (r = 0.65-0.87). All circulatory parameters were also affected. The results suggest that the TMS-evoked NIRS signal includes components that do not result directly from cerebral neuronal activity. These components arise from local effects of TMS on the vasculature. Also global circulatory effects due to arousal may affect the responses. Thus, studies involving TMS-evoked NIRS responses should be carefully controlled for physiological artifacts and effective artifact removal methods are needed to draw inferences about TMS-evoked brain activity.
format	article
author	Tiina Näsi Hanna Mäki Kalle Kotilahti Ilkka Nissilä Petri Haapalahti Risto J Ilmoniemi
author_facet	Tiina Näsi Hanna Mäki Kalle Kotilahti Ilkka Nissilä Petri Haapalahti Risto J Ilmoniemi
author_sort	Tiina Näsi
title	Magnetic-stimulation-related physiological artifacts in hemodynamic near-infrared spectroscopy signals.
title_short	Magnetic-stimulation-related physiological artifacts in hemodynamic near-infrared spectroscopy signals.
title_full	Magnetic-stimulation-related physiological artifacts in hemodynamic near-infrared spectroscopy signals.
title_fullStr	Magnetic-stimulation-related physiological artifacts in hemodynamic near-infrared spectroscopy signals.
title_full_unstemmed	Magnetic-stimulation-related physiological artifacts in hemodynamic near-infrared spectroscopy signals.
title_sort	magnetic-stimulation-related physiological artifacts in hemodynamic near-infrared spectroscopy signals.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/ae6b8e47df744085ac6254f53c545541
work_keys_str_mv	AT tiinanasi magneticstimulationrelatedphysiologicalartifactsinhemodynamicnearinfraredspectroscopysignals AT hannamaki magneticstimulationrelatedphysiologicalartifactsinhemodynamicnearinfraredspectroscopysignals AT kallekotilahti magneticstimulationrelatedphysiologicalartifactsinhemodynamicnearinfraredspectroscopysignals AT ilkkanissila magneticstimulationrelatedphysiologicalartifactsinhemodynamicnearinfraredspectroscopysignals AT petrihaapalahti magneticstimulationrelatedphysiologicalartifactsinhemodynamicnearinfraredspectroscopysignals AT ristojilmoniemi magneticstimulationrelatedphysiologicalartifactsinhemodynamicnearinfraredspectroscopysignals
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Magnetic-stimulation-related physiological artifacts in hemodynamic near-infrared spectroscopy signals.

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