Accurate dating of stalagmites from low seasonal contrast tropical Pacific climate using Sr 2D maps, fabrics and annual hydrological cycles

Abstract Tropical Pacific stalagmites are commonly affected by dating uncertainties because of their low U concentration and/or elevated initial 230Th content. This poses problems in establishing reliable trends and periodicities for droughts and pluvial episodes in a region vulnerable to climate ch...

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Autores principales:	Mohammadali Faraji, Andrea Borsato, Silvia Frisia, John C. Hellstrom, Andrew Lorrey, Adam Hartland, Alan Greig, David P. Mattey
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/aef2194afd9541e38a13ad5ffcd1a266
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:aef2194afd9541e38a13ad5ffcd1a2662021-12-02T13:57:25ZAccurate dating of stalagmites from low seasonal contrast tropical Pacific climate using Sr 2D maps, fabrics and annual hydrological cycles10.1038/s41598-021-81941-x2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/aef2194afd9541e38a13ad5ffcd1a2662021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-81941-xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Tropical Pacific stalagmites are commonly affected by dating uncertainties because of their low U concentration and/or elevated initial 230Th content. This poses problems in establishing reliable trends and periodicities for droughts and pluvial episodes in a region vulnerable to climate change. Here we constrain the chronology of a Cook Islands stalagmite using synchrotron µXRF two-dimensional mapping of Sr concentrations coupled with growth laminae optical imaging constrained by in situ monitoring. Unidimensional LA-ICP-MS-generated Mg, Sr, Ba and Na variability series were anchored to the 2D Sr and optical maps. The annual hydrological significance of Mg, Sr, Ba and Na was tested by principal component analysis, which revealed that Mg and Na are related to dry-season, wind-transported marine aerosols, similar to the host-rock derived Sr and Ba signatures. Trace element annual banding was then used to generate a calendar-year master chronology with a dating uncertainty maximum of ± 15 years over 336 years. Our approach demonstrates that accurate chronologies and coupled hydroclimate proxies can be obtained from speleothems formed in tropical settings where low seasonality and problematic U–Th dating would discourage the use of high-resolution climate proxies datasets.Mohammadali FarajiAndrea BorsatoSilvia FrisiaJohn C. HellstromAndrew LorreyAdam HartlandAlan GreigDavid P. MatteyNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Mohammadali Faraji Andrea Borsato Silvia Frisia John C. Hellstrom Andrew Lorrey Adam Hartland Alan Greig David P. Mattey Accurate dating of stalagmites from low seasonal contrast tropical Pacific climate using Sr 2D maps, fabrics and annual hydrological cycles
description	Abstract Tropical Pacific stalagmites are commonly affected by dating uncertainties because of their low U concentration and/or elevated initial 230Th content. This poses problems in establishing reliable trends and periodicities for droughts and pluvial episodes in a region vulnerable to climate change. Here we constrain the chronology of a Cook Islands stalagmite using synchrotron µXRF two-dimensional mapping of Sr concentrations coupled with growth laminae optical imaging constrained by in situ monitoring. Unidimensional LA-ICP-MS-generated Mg, Sr, Ba and Na variability series were anchored to the 2D Sr and optical maps. The annual hydrological significance of Mg, Sr, Ba and Na was tested by principal component analysis, which revealed that Mg and Na are related to dry-season, wind-transported marine aerosols, similar to the host-rock derived Sr and Ba signatures. Trace element annual banding was then used to generate a calendar-year master chronology with a dating uncertainty maximum of ± 15 years over 336 years. Our approach demonstrates that accurate chronologies and coupled hydroclimate proxies can be obtained from speleothems formed in tropical settings where low seasonality and problematic U–Th dating would discourage the use of high-resolution climate proxies datasets.
format	article
author	Mohammadali Faraji Andrea Borsato Silvia Frisia John C. Hellstrom Andrew Lorrey Adam Hartland Alan Greig David P. Mattey
author_facet	Mohammadali Faraji Andrea Borsato Silvia Frisia John C. Hellstrom Andrew Lorrey Adam Hartland Alan Greig David P. Mattey
author_sort	Mohammadali Faraji
title	Accurate dating of stalagmites from low seasonal contrast tropical Pacific climate using Sr 2D maps, fabrics and annual hydrological cycles
title_short	Accurate dating of stalagmites from low seasonal contrast tropical Pacific climate using Sr 2D maps, fabrics and annual hydrological cycles
title_full	Accurate dating of stalagmites from low seasonal contrast tropical Pacific climate using Sr 2D maps, fabrics and annual hydrological cycles
title_fullStr	Accurate dating of stalagmites from low seasonal contrast tropical Pacific climate using Sr 2D maps, fabrics and annual hydrological cycles
title_full_unstemmed	Accurate dating of stalagmites from low seasonal contrast tropical Pacific climate using Sr 2D maps, fabrics and annual hydrological cycles
title_sort	accurate dating of stalagmites from low seasonal contrast tropical pacific climate using sr 2d maps, fabrics and annual hydrological cycles
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/aef2194afd9541e38a13ad5ffcd1a266
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Accurate dating of stalagmites from low seasonal contrast tropical Pacific climate using Sr 2D maps, fabrics and annual hydrological cycles

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