Assimilation of Particular Organic Matter and Dissolved Organic or Inorganic Compounds by Cribroelphidium selseyense (Foraminifera)

Marine carbon and nitrogen processing through microorganisms’ metabolism is an important aspect of the global element cycles. For that purpose, we used foraminifera to analyze the element turnover with different algae food sources. In the Baltic Sea, benthic foraminifera are quite common and therefo...

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Autores principales:	Michael Lintner, Bianca Lintner, Wolfgang Wanek, Sarina Schmidt, Nina Keul, Petra Heinz
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	foraminifera (benthic) feeding experiments different food supplies organic food uptake Inorganic compound uptake Science Q General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution QH1-199.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/af09e91db1f847d6bfbb46d47f516ea4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:af09e91db1f847d6bfbb46d47f516ea42021-11-18T07:34:55ZAssimilation of Particular Organic Matter and Dissolved Organic or Inorganic Compounds by Cribroelphidium selseyense (Foraminifera)2296-774510.3389/fmars.2021.778148https://doaj.org/article/af09e91db1f847d6bfbb46d47f516ea42021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.778148/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745Marine carbon and nitrogen processing through microorganisms’ metabolism is an important aspect of the global element cycles. For that purpose, we used foraminifera to analyze the element turnover with different algae food sources. In the Baltic Sea, benthic foraminifera are quite common and therefore it is important to understand their metabolism. Especially, Cribroelphidium selseyense, also occurring in the Baltic Sea, has often been used for laboratory feeding experiments to test their effect on carbon or nitrogen turnover. Therefore, foraminifera were collected from the Kiel Fjord and fed with six different algal species in two qualities (freeze-dried algae vs. fresh algae, all 13C- and 15N-labeled). Also, labeled dissolved inorganic C and N compounds and glucose were offered to the foraminifera to test direct assimilation of dissolved compounds (carbon and nitrogen) from the water column. Our experiments showed that after 15 days of incubation, there were highly significant differences in isotope labeling in foraminifera fed with fresh algae and dry algae, depending on algal species. Further, different algal species led to different 13C and 15N enrichment in the studied foraminifera, highlighting a feeding preference for one diatom species and an Eustigmatophyte. A significant carbon assimilation from HCO3– was observed after 7 days of incubation. The N assimilation from NH4+ was significantly higher than for NO3– as an inorganic N source. The uptake of glucose showed a lag phase, which was often observed during past experiments, where foraminifera were in a steady state and showed no food uptake at regular intervals. These results highlight the importance of food quality on the feeding behavior and metabolic pathways for further studies of foraminiferal nutrition and nutrient cycling.Michael LintnerBianca LintnerWolfgang WanekSarina SchmidtNina KeulPetra HeinzFrontiers Media S.A.articleforaminifera (benthic)feeding experimentsdifferent food suppliesorganic food uptakeInorganic compound uptakeScienceQGeneral. Including nature conservation, geographical distributionQH1-199.5ENFrontiers in Marine Science, Vol 8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	foraminifera (benthic) feeding experiments different food supplies organic food uptake Inorganic compound uptake Science Q General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution QH1-199.5
spellingShingle	foraminifera (benthic) feeding experiments different food supplies organic food uptake Inorganic compound uptake Science Q General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution QH1-199.5 Michael Lintner Bianca Lintner Wolfgang Wanek Sarina Schmidt Nina Keul Petra Heinz Assimilation of Particular Organic Matter and Dissolved Organic or Inorganic Compounds by Cribroelphidium selseyense (Foraminifera)
description	Marine carbon and nitrogen processing through microorganisms’ metabolism is an important aspect of the global element cycles. For that purpose, we used foraminifera to analyze the element turnover with different algae food sources. In the Baltic Sea, benthic foraminifera are quite common and therefore it is important to understand their metabolism. Especially, Cribroelphidium selseyense, also occurring in the Baltic Sea, has often been used for laboratory feeding experiments to test their effect on carbon or nitrogen turnover. Therefore, foraminifera were collected from the Kiel Fjord and fed with six different algal species in two qualities (freeze-dried algae vs. fresh algae, all 13C- and 15N-labeled). Also, labeled dissolved inorganic C and N compounds and glucose were offered to the foraminifera to test direct assimilation of dissolved compounds (carbon and nitrogen) from the water column. Our experiments showed that after 15 days of incubation, there were highly significant differences in isotope labeling in foraminifera fed with fresh algae and dry algae, depending on algal species. Further, different algal species led to different 13C and 15N enrichment in the studied foraminifera, highlighting a feeding preference for one diatom species and an Eustigmatophyte. A significant carbon assimilation from HCO3– was observed after 7 days of incubation. The N assimilation from NH4+ was significantly higher than for NO3– as an inorganic N source. The uptake of glucose showed a lag phase, which was often observed during past experiments, where foraminifera were in a steady state and showed no food uptake at regular intervals. These results highlight the importance of food quality on the feeding behavior and metabolic pathways for further studies of foraminiferal nutrition and nutrient cycling.
format	article
author	Michael Lintner Bianca Lintner Wolfgang Wanek Sarina Schmidt Nina Keul Petra Heinz
author_facet	Michael Lintner Bianca Lintner Wolfgang Wanek Sarina Schmidt Nina Keul Petra Heinz
author_sort	Michael Lintner
title	Assimilation of Particular Organic Matter and Dissolved Organic or Inorganic Compounds by Cribroelphidium selseyense (Foraminifera)
title_short	Assimilation of Particular Organic Matter and Dissolved Organic or Inorganic Compounds by Cribroelphidium selseyense (Foraminifera)
title_full	Assimilation of Particular Organic Matter and Dissolved Organic or Inorganic Compounds by Cribroelphidium selseyense (Foraminifera)
title_fullStr	Assimilation of Particular Organic Matter and Dissolved Organic or Inorganic Compounds by Cribroelphidium selseyense (Foraminifera)
title_full_unstemmed	Assimilation of Particular Organic Matter and Dissolved Organic or Inorganic Compounds by Cribroelphidium selseyense (Foraminifera)
title_sort	assimilation of particular organic matter and dissolved organic or inorganic compounds by cribroelphidium selseyense (foraminifera)
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/af09e91db1f847d6bfbb46d47f516ea4
work_keys_str_mv	AT michaellintner assimilationofparticularorganicmatteranddissolvedorganicorinorganiccompoundsbycribroelphidiumselseyenseforaminifera AT biancalintner assimilationofparticularorganicmatteranddissolvedorganicorinorganiccompoundsbycribroelphidiumselseyenseforaminifera AT wolfgangwanek assimilationofparticularorganicmatteranddissolvedorganicorinorganiccompoundsbycribroelphidiumselseyenseforaminifera AT sarinaschmidt assimilationofparticularorganicmatteranddissolvedorganicorinorganiccompoundsbycribroelphidiumselseyenseforaminifera AT ninakeul assimilationofparticularorganicmatteranddissolvedorganicorinorganiccompoundsbycribroelphidiumselseyenseforaminifera AT petraheinz assimilationofparticularorganicmatteranddissolvedorganicorinorganiccompoundsbycribroelphidiumselseyenseforaminifera
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Assimilation of Particular Organic Matter and Dissolved Organic or Inorganic Compounds by Cribroelphidium selseyense (Foraminifera)

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