An upright eyedrop bottle: accuracy, usage of excess drops, and contamination compared to a conventional bottle

Isaiah J Davies,1 Ninita H Brown,2 Joanne C Wen,3 Sandra S Stinnett,1 Kelsey Kubelick,4,5 Roma P Patel,6 Kristin L Benokraitis,7 Latoya Greene,1 Curry Cheek,1 Kelly W Muir1,8 1Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; 2Metrolina Eye Associates, Charlotte, NC,...

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Autores principales:	Davies IJ, Brown NH, Wen JC, Stinnett SS, Kubelick K, Patel RP, Benokraitis KL, Greene L, Cheek C, Muir KW
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2016
Materias:	glaucoma children adherence Ophthalmology RE1-994
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/af12a02904f84ae5a977356b1a43c9a8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:af12a02904f84ae5a977356b1a43c9a82021-12-02T01:17:52ZAn upright eyedrop bottle: accuracy, usage of excess drops, and contamination compared to a conventional bottle1177-5483https://doaj.org/article/af12a02904f84ae5a977356b1a43c9a82016-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/an-upright-eyedrop-bottle-accuracy-usage-of-excess-drops-and-contamina-peer-reviewed-article-OPTHhttps://doaj.org/toc/1177-5483Isaiah J Davies,1 Ninita H Brown,2 Joanne C Wen,3 Sandra S Stinnett,1 Kelsey Kubelick,4,5 Roma P Patel,6 Kristin L Benokraitis,7 Latoya Greene,1 Curry Cheek,1 Kelly W Muir1,8 1Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; 2Metrolina Eye Associates, Charlotte, NC, USA; 3Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; 4Wallace H Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 5Wallace H Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; 6University of California Davis Health System Eye Center, Sacramento, CA, USA; 7EG-GILERO, Durham, NC, USA; 8Health Services Research & Development, Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA Purpose: This study tested the feasibility of using an upright eyedrop bottle (UEB), a device designed to assist patients with eyedrop placement without reclining their head. Patients and methods: Experienced eyedrop users were enrolled who answered “yes” to the question, “Do you ever have trouble getting your eyedrops in?” After being shown a multimedia presentation and answering a questionnaire regarding eyedrop usage, participants were observed instilling eyedrops. Participants were instructed to instill a single eyedrop in each eye with both a standard bottle and the UEB. They repeated this process three times. With each trial, the amount of time taken to instill drops was recorded, as well as whether a drop landed in the eye (accuracy), if excess drops were used, and if the bottle tip was contaminated. Results: Forty participants were enrolled, with an average age of 72.4±8.9 years; the majority were females (24 females). Thirty-four participants had been using eyedrops for at least 1 year. The time required to instill eyedrops was significantly less with the UEB in the second and third trials. There was no difference in accuracy between the conventional bottle and the UEB in the left or right eye in any trials. Significantly more participants used excess number of drops while using the conventional bottle in both the left and right eyes in all three trials. The bottle tip was never contaminated with the UEB. Depending on the trial and the eye, the conventional bottle was contaminated by between 42% and 53% of participants. Conclusion: The UEB has the potential to assist patients with eyedrop placement. Although there was no difference in accuracy between the UEB and the conventional bottle, the UEB was associated with less use of excess drops and less contamination of the bottle tip, compared to the conventional bottle. Keywords: glaucoma, compliance, medical devicesDavies IJBrown NHWen JCStinnett SSKubelick KPatel RPBenokraitis KLGreene LCheek CMuir KWDove Medical PressarticleglaucomachildrenadherenceOphthalmologyRE1-994ENClinical Ophthalmology, Vol 2016, Iss Issue 1, Pp 1411-1417 (2016)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	glaucoma children adherence Ophthalmology RE1-994
spellingShingle	glaucoma children adherence Ophthalmology RE1-994 Davies IJ Brown NH Wen JC Stinnett SS Kubelick K Patel RP Benokraitis KL Greene L Cheek C Muir KW An upright eyedrop bottle: accuracy, usage of excess drops, and contamination compared to a conventional bottle
description	Isaiah J Davies,1 Ninita H Brown,2 Joanne C Wen,3 Sandra S Stinnett,1 Kelsey Kubelick,4,5 Roma P Patel,6 Kristin L Benokraitis,7 Latoya Greene,1 Curry Cheek,1 Kelly W Muir1,8 1Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; 2Metrolina Eye Associates, Charlotte, NC, USA; 3Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; 4Wallace H Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 5Wallace H Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; 6University of California Davis Health System Eye Center, Sacramento, CA, USA; 7EG-GILERO, Durham, NC, USA; 8Health Services Research & Development, Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA Purpose: This study tested the feasibility of using an upright eyedrop bottle (UEB), a device designed to assist patients with eyedrop placement without reclining their head. Patients and methods: Experienced eyedrop users were enrolled who answered “yes” to the question, “Do you ever have trouble getting your eyedrops in?” After being shown a multimedia presentation and answering a questionnaire regarding eyedrop usage, participants were observed instilling eyedrops. Participants were instructed to instill a single eyedrop in each eye with both a standard bottle and the UEB. They repeated this process three times. With each trial, the amount of time taken to instill drops was recorded, as well as whether a drop landed in the eye (accuracy), if excess drops were used, and if the bottle tip was contaminated. Results: Forty participants were enrolled, with an average age of 72.4±8.9 years; the majority were females (24 females). Thirty-four participants had been using eyedrops for at least 1 year. The time required to instill eyedrops was significantly less with the UEB in the second and third trials. There was no difference in accuracy between the conventional bottle and the UEB in the left or right eye in any trials. Significantly more participants used excess number of drops while using the conventional bottle in both the left and right eyes in all three trials. The bottle tip was never contaminated with the UEB. Depending on the trial and the eye, the conventional bottle was contaminated by between 42% and 53% of participants. Conclusion: The UEB has the potential to assist patients with eyedrop placement. Although there was no difference in accuracy between the UEB and the conventional bottle, the UEB was associated with less use of excess drops and less contamination of the bottle tip, compared to the conventional bottle. Keywords: glaucoma, compliance, medical devices
format	article
author	Davies IJ Brown NH Wen JC Stinnett SS Kubelick K Patel RP Benokraitis KL Greene L Cheek C Muir KW
author_facet	Davies IJ Brown NH Wen JC Stinnett SS Kubelick K Patel RP Benokraitis KL Greene L Cheek C Muir KW
author_sort	Davies IJ
title	An upright eyedrop bottle: accuracy, usage of excess drops, and contamination compared to a conventional bottle
title_short	An upright eyedrop bottle: accuracy, usage of excess drops, and contamination compared to a conventional bottle
title_full	An upright eyedrop bottle: accuracy, usage of excess drops, and contamination compared to a conventional bottle
title_fullStr	An upright eyedrop bottle: accuracy, usage of excess drops, and contamination compared to a conventional bottle
title_full_unstemmed	An upright eyedrop bottle: accuracy, usage of excess drops, and contamination compared to a conventional bottle
title_sort	upright eyedrop bottle: accuracy, usage of excess drops, and contamination compared to a conventional bottle
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2016
url	https://doaj.org/article/af12a02904f84ae5a977356b1a43c9a8
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An upright eyedrop bottle: accuracy, usage of excess drops, and contamination compared to a conventional bottle

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