Dominance of Gas-Eating, Biofilm-Forming <italic toggle="yes">Methylobacterium</italic> Species in the Evaporator Cores of Automobile Air-Conditioning Systems

ABSTRACT Microbial communities in the evaporator core (EC) of automobile air-conditioning systems have a large impact on indoor air quality, such as malodor and allergenicity. DNA-based microbial population analysis of the ECs collected from South Korea, China, the United States, India, and the Unit...

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Autores principales:	Chulwoo Park, Hye Su Jung, Soyoon Park, Che Ok Jeon, Woojun Park
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2020
Materias:	Methylobacterium aggregation air-conditioning systems biofilm genomes volatile organic compounds Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/af218a636bcf437489d4f3b191e756f1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:af218a636bcf437489d4f3b191e756f12021-11-15T15:27:53ZDominance of Gas-Eating, Biofilm-Forming <italic toggle="yes">Methylobacterium</italic> Species in the Evaporator Cores of Automobile Air-Conditioning Systems10.1128/mSphere.00761-192379-5042https://doaj.org/article/af218a636bcf437489d4f3b191e756f12020-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSphere.00761-19https://doaj.org/toc/2379-5042ABSTRACT Microbial communities in the evaporator core (EC) of automobile air-conditioning systems have a large impact on indoor air quality, such as malodor and allergenicity. DNA-based microbial population analysis of the ECs collected from South Korea, China, the United States, India, and the United Arab Emirates revealed the extraordinary dominance of Methylobacterium species in EC biofilms. Mixed-volatile organic compound (VOC) utilization and biofilm-forming capabilities were evaluated to explain the dominance of Methylobacterium species in the ECs. The superior growth of all Methylobacterium species could be possible under mixed-VOC conditions. Interestingly, two lifestyle groups of Methylobacterium species could be categorized as the aggregator group, which sticks together but forms a small amount of biofilm, and the biofilm-forming group, which forms a large amount of biofilm, and their genomes along with phenotypic assays were analyzed. Pili are some of the major contributors to the aggregator lifestyle, and succinoglycan exopolysaccharide production may be responsible for the biofilm formation. However, the coexistence of these two lifestyle Methylobacterium groups enhanced their biofilm formation compared to that with each single culture. IMPORTANCE Air-conditioning systems (ACS) are indispensable for human daily life; however, microbial community analysis in automobile ACS has yet to be comprehensively investigated. A bacterial community analysis of 24 heat exchanger fins from five countries (South Korea, China, the United States, India, and the United Arab Emirates [UAE]) revealed that Methylobacterium species are some of the dominant bacteria in automobile ACS. Furthermore, we suggested that the predominance of Methylobacterium species in automobile ACS is due to the utilization of mixed volatile organic compounds and their great ability for aggregation and biofilm formation.Chulwoo ParkHye Su JungSoyoon ParkChe Ok JeonWoojun ParkAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleMethylobacteriumaggregationair-conditioning systemsbiofilmgenomesvolatile organic compoundsMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmSphere, Vol 5, Iss 1 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Methylobacterium aggregation air-conditioning systems biofilm genomes volatile organic compounds Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Methylobacterium aggregation air-conditioning systems biofilm genomes volatile organic compounds Microbiology QR1-502 Chulwoo Park Hye Su Jung Soyoon Park Che Ok Jeon Woojun Park Dominance of Gas-Eating, Biofilm-Forming <italic toggle="yes">Methylobacterium</italic> Species in the Evaporator Cores of Automobile Air-Conditioning Systems
description	ABSTRACT Microbial communities in the evaporator core (EC) of automobile air-conditioning systems have a large impact on indoor air quality, such as malodor and allergenicity. DNA-based microbial population analysis of the ECs collected from South Korea, China, the United States, India, and the United Arab Emirates revealed the extraordinary dominance of Methylobacterium species in EC biofilms. Mixed-volatile organic compound (VOC) utilization and biofilm-forming capabilities were evaluated to explain the dominance of Methylobacterium species in the ECs. The superior growth of all Methylobacterium species could be possible under mixed-VOC conditions. Interestingly, two lifestyle groups of Methylobacterium species could be categorized as the aggregator group, which sticks together but forms a small amount of biofilm, and the biofilm-forming group, which forms a large amount of biofilm, and their genomes along with phenotypic assays were analyzed. Pili are some of the major contributors to the aggregator lifestyle, and succinoglycan exopolysaccharide production may be responsible for the biofilm formation. However, the coexistence of these two lifestyle Methylobacterium groups enhanced their biofilm formation compared to that with each single culture. IMPORTANCE Air-conditioning systems (ACS) are indispensable for human daily life; however, microbial community analysis in automobile ACS has yet to be comprehensively investigated. A bacterial community analysis of 24 heat exchanger fins from five countries (South Korea, China, the United States, India, and the United Arab Emirates [UAE]) revealed that Methylobacterium species are some of the dominant bacteria in automobile ACS. Furthermore, we suggested that the predominance of Methylobacterium species in automobile ACS is due to the utilization of mixed volatile organic compounds and their great ability for aggregation and biofilm formation.
format	article
author	Chulwoo Park Hye Su Jung Soyoon Park Che Ok Jeon Woojun Park
author_facet	Chulwoo Park Hye Su Jung Soyoon Park Che Ok Jeon Woojun Park
author_sort	Chulwoo Park
title	Dominance of Gas-Eating, Biofilm-Forming <italic toggle="yes">Methylobacterium</italic> Species in the Evaporator Cores of Automobile Air-Conditioning Systems
title_short	Dominance of Gas-Eating, Biofilm-Forming <italic toggle="yes">Methylobacterium</italic> Species in the Evaporator Cores of Automobile Air-Conditioning Systems
title_full	Dominance of Gas-Eating, Biofilm-Forming <italic toggle="yes">Methylobacterium</italic> Species in the Evaporator Cores of Automobile Air-Conditioning Systems
title_fullStr	Dominance of Gas-Eating, Biofilm-Forming <italic toggle="yes">Methylobacterium</italic> Species in the Evaporator Cores of Automobile Air-Conditioning Systems
title_full_unstemmed	Dominance of Gas-Eating, Biofilm-Forming <italic toggle="yes">Methylobacterium</italic> Species in the Evaporator Cores of Automobile Air-Conditioning Systems
title_sort	dominance of gas-eating, biofilm-forming <italic toggle="yes">methylobacterium</italic> species in the evaporator cores of automobile air-conditioning systems
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/af218a636bcf437489d4f3b191e756f1
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_version_	1718427971346235392

Dominance of Gas-Eating, Biofilm-Forming <italic toggle="yes">Methylobacterium</italic> Species in the Evaporator Cores of Automobile Air-Conditioning Systems

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