Modulation of brain β-endorphin concentration by the specific part of the Y chromosome in mice.

<h4>Background</h4>Several studies in animal models suggest a possible effect of the specific part of the Y-chromosome (Y(NPAR)) on brain opioid, and more specifically on brain β-endorphin (BE). In humans, male prevalence is found in autistic disorder in which observation of abnormal per...

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Autores principales:	Michel Botbol, Pierre L Roubertoux, Michèle Carlier, Séverine Trabado, Sylvie Brailly-Tabard, Fernando Perez-Diaz, Olivier Bonnot, Guillaume Bronsard, Sylvie Tordjman
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/af60f39824ce4a61aae197ba43afcb73
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:af60f39824ce4a61aae197ba43afcb732021-11-18T06:57:36ZModulation of brain β-endorphin concentration by the specific part of the Y chromosome in mice.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0016704https://doaj.org/article/af60f39824ce4a61aae197ba43afcb732011-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21408198/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Several studies in animal models suggest a possible effect of the specific part of the Y-chromosome (Y(NPAR)) on brain opioid, and more specifically on brain β-endorphin (BE). In humans, male prevalence is found in autistic disorder in which observation of abnormal peripheral or central BE levels are also reported. This suggests gender differences in BE associated with genetic factors and more precisely with Y(NPAR).<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Brain BE levels and plasma testosterone concentrations were measured in two highly inbred strains of mice, NZB/BlNJ (N) and CBA/HGnc (H), and their consomic strains for the Y(NPAR). An indirect effect of the Y(NPAR) on brain BE level via plasma testosterone was also tested by studying the correlation between brain BE concentration and plasma testosterone concentration in eleven highly inbred strains. There was a significant and major effect (P<0.0001) of the Y(NPAR) in interaction with the genetic background on brain BE levels. Effect size calculated using Cohen's procedure was large (56% of the total variance). The variations of BE levels were not correlated with plasma testosterone which was also dependent of the Y(NPAR).<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>The contribution of Y(NPAR) on brain BE concentration in interaction with the genetic background is the first demonstration of Y-chromosome mediated control of brain opioid. Given that none of the genes encompassed by the Y(NPAR) encodes for BE or its precursor, our results suggest a contribution of the sex-determining region (Sry, carried by Y(NPAR)) to brain BE concentration. Indeed, the transcription of the Melanocortin 2 receptor gene (Mc2R gene, identified as the proopiomelanocortin receptor gene) depends on the presence of Sry and BE is derived directly from proopiomelanocortin. The results shed light on the sex dependent differences in brain functioning and the role of Sry in the BE system might be related to the higher frequency of autistic disorder in males.Michel BotbolPierre L RoubertouxMichèle CarlierSéverine TrabadoSylvie Brailly-TabardFernando Perez-DiazOlivier BonnotGuillaume BronsardSylvie TordjmanPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 3, p e16704 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Michel Botbol Pierre L Roubertoux Michèle Carlier Séverine Trabado Sylvie Brailly-Tabard Fernando Perez-Diaz Olivier Bonnot Guillaume Bronsard Sylvie Tordjman Modulation of brain β-endorphin concentration by the specific part of the Y chromosome in mice.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Several studies in animal models suggest a possible effect of the specific part of the Y-chromosome (Y(NPAR)) on brain opioid, and more specifically on brain β-endorphin (BE). In humans, male prevalence is found in autistic disorder in which observation of abnormal peripheral or central BE levels are also reported. This suggests gender differences in BE associated with genetic factors and more precisely with Y(NPAR).<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Brain BE levels and plasma testosterone concentrations were measured in two highly inbred strains of mice, NZB/BlNJ (N) and CBA/HGnc (H), and their consomic strains for the Y(NPAR). An indirect effect of the Y(NPAR) on brain BE level via plasma testosterone was also tested by studying the correlation between brain BE concentration and plasma testosterone concentration in eleven highly inbred strains. There was a significant and major effect (P<0.0001) of the Y(NPAR) in interaction with the genetic background on brain BE levels. Effect size calculated using Cohen's procedure was large (56% of the total variance). The variations of BE levels were not correlated with plasma testosterone which was also dependent of the Y(NPAR).<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>The contribution of Y(NPAR) on brain BE concentration in interaction with the genetic background is the first demonstration of Y-chromosome mediated control of brain opioid. Given that none of the genes encompassed by the Y(NPAR) encodes for BE or its precursor, our results suggest a contribution of the sex-determining region (Sry, carried by Y(NPAR)) to brain BE concentration. Indeed, the transcription of the Melanocortin 2 receptor gene (Mc2R gene, identified as the proopiomelanocortin receptor gene) depends on the presence of Sry and BE is derived directly from proopiomelanocortin. The results shed light on the sex dependent differences in brain functioning and the role of Sry in the BE system might be related to the higher frequency of autistic disorder in males.
format	article
author	Michel Botbol Pierre L Roubertoux Michèle Carlier Séverine Trabado Sylvie Brailly-Tabard Fernando Perez-Diaz Olivier Bonnot Guillaume Bronsard Sylvie Tordjman
author_facet	Michel Botbol Pierre L Roubertoux Michèle Carlier Séverine Trabado Sylvie Brailly-Tabard Fernando Perez-Diaz Olivier Bonnot Guillaume Bronsard Sylvie Tordjman
author_sort	Michel Botbol
title	Modulation of brain β-endorphin concentration by the specific part of the Y chromosome in mice.
title_short	Modulation of brain β-endorphin concentration by the specific part of the Y chromosome in mice.
title_full	Modulation of brain β-endorphin concentration by the specific part of the Y chromosome in mice.
title_fullStr	Modulation of brain β-endorphin concentration by the specific part of the Y chromosome in mice.
title_full_unstemmed	Modulation of brain β-endorphin concentration by the specific part of the Y chromosome in mice.
title_sort	modulation of brain β-endorphin concentration by the specific part of the y chromosome in mice.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/af60f39824ce4a61aae197ba43afcb73
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Modulation of brain β-endorphin concentration by the specific part of the Y chromosome in mice.

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