The dominant role of surface functionalization in carbon dots’ photo-activated antibacterial activity

 The dominant role of surface functionalization in carbon dots’ photo-activated antibacterial activity

Dina I Abu Rabe,1 Mohamad M Al Awak,1 Fan Yang,2 Peter A Okonjo,1 Xiuli Dong,1 Lindsay R Teisl,2 Ping Wang,2 Yongan Tang,3 Nengyu Pan,2 Ya-Ping Sun,2 Liju Yang11Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise (BRITE), North Carolina Central Uni...

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Autores principales: Abu Rabe DI, Al Awak MM, Yang F, Okonjo PA, Dong X, Teisl LR, Wang P, Tang Y, Pan N, Sun YP, Yang L
Formato: article
Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: Dove Medical Press 2019
Materias:
Carbon Dots
Antimicrobial
Bacteria
Photo-activated
Surface functionalization.
Medicine (General)
R5-920
Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/af7387acbb53414d89314114a9145744
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:af7387acbb53414d89314114a91457442021-12-02T04:33:56Z The dominant role of surface functionalization in carbon dots’ photo-activated antibacterial activity1178-2013https://doaj.org/article/af7387acbb53414d89314114a91457442019-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/nbspthe-dominant-role-of-surface-functionalization-in-carbon-dotsrsquo-peer-reviewed-article-IJNhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013Dina I Abu Rabe,1 Mohamad M Al Awak,1 Fan Yang,2 Peter A Okonjo,1 Xiuli Dong,1 Lindsay R Teisl,2 Ping Wang,2 Yongan Tang,3 Nengyu Pan,2 Ya-Ping Sun,2 Liju Yang11Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise (BRITE), North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA; 2Department of Chemistry and Laboratory for Emerging Materials and Technology, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; 3Department of Mathematics and Physics, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USABackground: Carbon dots (CDots) have recently been demonstrated their effective visible light-activated antimicrobial activities toward bacteria. This study was to evaluate and understand the roles of the surface functionalities in governing the antimicrobial activity of CDots.Methods: Using the laboratory model bacteria Bacillus subtilis, the photo-activated antimicrobial activities of three groups of CDots with specifically selected different surface functionalization moieties were evaluated and compared. The first group consisting of CDots with surface functionalization by 2,2-(ethylenedioxy)bis(ethylamine) (EDA) vs. 3-ethoxypropylamine (EPA), was evaluated to determine the effect of different terminal groups/charges on their photo-activated antibacterial activities. The second group consisting of CDots functionalized with oligomeric polyethylenimine (PEI) and those prepared by the carbonization of PEI – citric acid mixture, was to evaluate the effects of dot surface charges vs. fluorescent quantum yields on their antimicrobial activities. The third group consisting of CDots functionalized with PEI of 1,200 vs. 600 in average molecular weight was evaluated for the effect of molecular weight of surface passivation molecular on their antimicrobial activities.Results: The results indicated the EDA-CDots in the first group was more effective and was attributed to the positive charges from the protonation of the amino groups (–NH2) being more favorable to interactions with bacterial cells. The evaluation of the second group CDots suggested the same surface charge effect dominating the antibacterial performance over the fluorescent quantum yields. The evaluation of the third group CDots functionalized with PEI of 1,200 vs. 600 in average molecular weight, indicated the latter was significantly more effective.Conclusions: The results from this study highlighted the dominant role of surface functionalities in governing CDots’ light activated antimicrobial activity and should have significant implications to the further design and development of CDots as a new class of visible light-activated antibacterial agents.Keywords: carbon dots, antimicrobial, bacteria, photo-activated, surface functionalizationAbu Rabe DIAl Awak MMYang FOkonjo PADong XTeisl LRWang PTang YPan NSun YPYang LDove Medical PressarticleCarbon DotsAntimicrobialBacteriaPhoto-activatedSurface functionalization.Medicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol Volume 14, Pp 2655-2665 (2019)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic Carbon Dots
Antimicrobial
Bacteria
Photo-activated
Surface functionalization.
Medicine (General)
R5-920
spellingShingle Carbon Dots
Antimicrobial
Bacteria
Photo-activated
Surface functionalization.
Medicine (General)
R5-920
Abu Rabe DI
Al Awak MM
Yang F
Okonjo PA
Dong X
Teisl LR
Wang P
Tang Y
Pan N
Sun YP
Yang L
 The dominant role of surface functionalization in carbon dots’ photo-activated antibacterial activity
description Dina I Abu Rabe,1 Mohamad M Al Awak,1 Fan Yang,2 Peter A Okonjo,1 Xiuli Dong,1 Lindsay R Teisl,2 Ping Wang,2 Yongan Tang,3 Nengyu Pan,2 Ya-Ping Sun,2 Liju Yang11Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise (BRITE), North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA; 2Department of Chemistry and Laboratory for Emerging Materials and Technology, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; 3Department of Mathematics and Physics, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USABackground: Carbon dots (CDots) have recently been demonstrated their effective visible light-activated antimicrobial activities toward bacteria. This study was to evaluate and understand the roles of the surface functionalities in governing the antimicrobial activity of CDots.Methods: Using the laboratory model bacteria Bacillus subtilis, the photo-activated antimicrobial activities of three groups of CDots with specifically selected different surface functionalization moieties were evaluated and compared. The first group consisting of CDots with surface functionalization by 2,2-(ethylenedioxy)bis(ethylamine) (EDA) vs. 3-ethoxypropylamine (EPA), was evaluated to determine the effect of different terminal groups/charges on their photo-activated antibacterial activities. The second group consisting of CDots functionalized with oligomeric polyethylenimine (PEI) and those prepared by the carbonization of PEI – citric acid mixture, was to evaluate the effects of dot surface charges vs. fluorescent quantum yields on their antimicrobial activities. The third group consisting of CDots functionalized with PEI of 1,200 vs. 600 in average molecular weight was evaluated for the effect of molecular weight of surface passivation molecular on their antimicrobial activities.Results: The results indicated the EDA-CDots in the first group was more effective and was attributed to the positive charges from the protonation of the amino groups (–NH2) being more favorable to interactions with bacterial cells. The evaluation of the second group CDots suggested the same surface charge effect dominating the antibacterial performance over the fluorescent quantum yields. The evaluation of the third group CDots functionalized with PEI of 1,200 vs. 600 in average molecular weight, indicated the latter was significantly more effective.Conclusions: The results from this study highlighted the dominant role of surface functionalities in governing CDots’ light activated antimicrobial activity and should have significant implications to the further design and development of CDots as a new class of visible light-activated antibacterial agents.Keywords: carbon dots, antimicrobial, bacteria, photo-activated, surface functionalization
format article
author Abu Rabe DI
Al Awak MM
Yang F
Okonjo PA
Dong X
Teisl LR
Wang P
Tang Y
Pan N
Sun YP
Yang L
author_facet Abu Rabe DI
Al Awak MM
Yang F
Okonjo PA
Dong X
Teisl LR
Wang P
Tang Y
Pan N
Sun YP
Yang L
author_sort Abu Rabe DI
title  The dominant role of surface functionalization in carbon dots’ photo-activated antibacterial activity
title_short  The dominant role of surface functionalization in carbon dots’ photo-activated antibacterial activity
title_full  The dominant role of surface functionalization in carbon dots’ photo-activated antibacterial activity
title_fullStr  The dominant role of surface functionalization in carbon dots’ photo-activated antibacterial activity
title_full_unstemmed  The dominant role of surface functionalization in carbon dots’ photo-activated antibacterial activity
title_sort  the dominant role of surface functionalization in carbon dots’ photo-activated antibacterial activity
publisher Dove Medical Press
publishDate 2019
url https://doaj.org/article/af7387acbb53414d89314114a9145744
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