An alu-based phylogeny of lemurs (infraorder: Lemuriformes).

LEMURS (INFRAORDER: Lemuriformes) are a radiation of strepsirrhine primates endemic to the island of Madagascar. As of 2012, 101 lemur species, divided among five families, have been described. Genetic and morphological evidence indicates all species are descended from a common ancestor that arrived...

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Autores principales:	Adam T McLain, Thomas J Meyer, Christopher Faulk, Scott W Herke, J Michael Oldenburg, Matthew G Bourgeois, Camille F Abshire, Christian Roos, Mark A Batzer
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/af73c967f6c44414998e0d456c96c78d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:af73c967f6c44414998e0d456c96c78d2021-11-18T07:07:26ZAn alu-based phylogeny of lemurs (infraorder: Lemuriformes).1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0044035https://doaj.org/article/af73c967f6c44414998e0d456c96c78d2012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22937148/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203LEMURS (INFRAORDER: Lemuriformes) are a radiation of strepsirrhine primates endemic to the island of Madagascar. As of 2012, 101 lemur species, divided among five families, have been described. Genetic and morphological evidence indicates all species are descended from a common ancestor that arrived in Madagascar ∼55-60 million years ago (mya). Phylogenetic relationships in this species-rich infraorder have been the subject of debate. Here we use Alu elements, a family of primate-specific Short INterspersed Elements (SINEs), to construct a phylogeny of infraorder Lemuriformes. Alu elements are particularly useful SINEs for the purpose of phylogeny reconstruction because they are identical by descent and confounding events between loci are easily resolved by sequencing. The genome of the grey mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus) was computationally assayed for synapomorphic Alu elements. Those that were identified as Lemuriformes-specific were analyzed against other available primate genomes for orthologous sequence in which to design primers for PCR (polymerase chain reaction) verification. A primate phylogenetic panel of 24 species, including 22 lemur species from all five families, was examined for the presence/absence of 138 Alu elements via PCR to establish relationships among species. Of these, 111 were phylogenetically informative. A phylogenetic tree was generated based on the results of this analysis. We demonstrate strong support for the monophyly of Lemuriformes to the exclusion of other primates, with Daubentoniidae, the aye-aye, as the basal lineage within the infraorder. Our results also suggest Lepilemuridae as a sister lineage to Cheirogaleidae, and Indriidae as sister to Lemuridae. Among the Cheirogaleidae, we show strong support for Microcebus and Mirza as sister genera, with Cheirogaleus the sister lineage to both. Our results also support the monophyly of the Lemuridae. Within Lemuridae we place Lemur and Hapalemur together to the exclusion of Eulemur and Varecia, with Varecia the sister lineage to the other three genera.Adam T McLainThomas J MeyerChristopher FaulkScott W HerkeJ Michael OldenburgMatthew G BourgeoisCamille F AbshireChristian RoosMark A BatzerPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 8, p e44035 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Adam T McLain Thomas J Meyer Christopher Faulk Scott W Herke J Michael Oldenburg Matthew G Bourgeois Camille F Abshire Christian Roos Mark A Batzer An alu-based phylogeny of lemurs (infraorder: Lemuriformes).
description	LEMURS (INFRAORDER: Lemuriformes) are a radiation of strepsirrhine primates endemic to the island of Madagascar. As of 2012, 101 lemur species, divided among five families, have been described. Genetic and morphological evidence indicates all species are descended from a common ancestor that arrived in Madagascar ∼55-60 million years ago (mya). Phylogenetic relationships in this species-rich infraorder have been the subject of debate. Here we use Alu elements, a family of primate-specific Short INterspersed Elements (SINEs), to construct a phylogeny of infraorder Lemuriformes. Alu elements are particularly useful SINEs for the purpose of phylogeny reconstruction because they are identical by descent and confounding events between loci are easily resolved by sequencing. The genome of the grey mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus) was computationally assayed for synapomorphic Alu elements. Those that were identified as Lemuriformes-specific were analyzed against other available primate genomes for orthologous sequence in which to design primers for PCR (polymerase chain reaction) verification. A primate phylogenetic panel of 24 species, including 22 lemur species from all five families, was examined for the presence/absence of 138 Alu elements via PCR to establish relationships among species. Of these, 111 were phylogenetically informative. A phylogenetic tree was generated based on the results of this analysis. We demonstrate strong support for the monophyly of Lemuriformes to the exclusion of other primates, with Daubentoniidae, the aye-aye, as the basal lineage within the infraorder. Our results also suggest Lepilemuridae as a sister lineage to Cheirogaleidae, and Indriidae as sister to Lemuridae. Among the Cheirogaleidae, we show strong support for Microcebus and Mirza as sister genera, with Cheirogaleus the sister lineage to both. Our results also support the monophyly of the Lemuridae. Within Lemuridae we place Lemur and Hapalemur together to the exclusion of Eulemur and Varecia, with Varecia the sister lineage to the other three genera.
format	article
author	Adam T McLain Thomas J Meyer Christopher Faulk Scott W Herke J Michael Oldenburg Matthew G Bourgeois Camille F Abshire Christian Roos Mark A Batzer
author_facet	Adam T McLain Thomas J Meyer Christopher Faulk Scott W Herke J Michael Oldenburg Matthew G Bourgeois Camille F Abshire Christian Roos Mark A Batzer
author_sort	Adam T McLain
title	An alu-based phylogeny of lemurs (infraorder: Lemuriformes).
title_short	An alu-based phylogeny of lemurs (infraorder: Lemuriformes).
title_full	An alu-based phylogeny of lemurs (infraorder: Lemuriformes).
title_fullStr	An alu-based phylogeny of lemurs (infraorder: Lemuriformes).
title_full_unstemmed	An alu-based phylogeny of lemurs (infraorder: Lemuriformes).
title_sort	alu-based phylogeny of lemurs (infraorder: lemuriformes).
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/af73c967f6c44414998e0d456c96c78d
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An alu-based phylogeny of lemurs (infraorder: Lemuriformes).

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