Divergent receiver responses to components of multimodal signals in two foot-flagging frog species.

Multimodal communication of acoustic and visual signals serves a vital role in the mating system of anuran amphibians. To understand signal evolution and function in multimodal signal design it is critical to test receiver responses to unimodal signal components versus multimodal composite signals....

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Autores principales:	Doris Preininger, Markus Boeckle, Marc Sztatecsny, Walter Hödl
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/af8ffdc3b5e64e6e86ba5b713a05a63d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:af8ffdc3b5e64e6e86ba5b713a05a63d2021-11-18T07:59:38ZDivergent receiver responses to components of multimodal signals in two foot-flagging frog species.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0055367https://doaj.org/article/af8ffdc3b5e64e6e86ba5b713a05a63d2013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23383168/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Multimodal communication of acoustic and visual signals serves a vital role in the mating system of anuran amphibians. To understand signal evolution and function in multimodal signal design it is critical to test receiver responses to unimodal signal components versus multimodal composite signals. We investigated two anuran species displaying a conspicuous foot-flagging behavior in addition to or in combination with advertisement calls while announcing their signaling sites to conspecifics. To investigate the conspicuousness of the foot-flagging signals, we measured and compared spectral reflectance of foot webbings of Micrixalus saxicola and Staurois parvus using a spectrophotometer. We performed behavioral field experiments using a model frog including an extendable leg combined with acoustic playbacks to test receiver responses to acoustic, visual and combined audio-visual stimuli. Our results indicated that the foot webbings of S. parvus achieved a 13 times higher contrast against their visual background than feet of M. saxicola. The main response to all experimental stimuli in S. parvus was foot flagging, whereas M. saxicola responded primarily with calls but never foot flagged. Together these across-species differences suggest that in S. parvus foot-flagging behavior is applied as a salient and frequently used communicative signal during agonistic behavior, whereas we propose it constitutes an evolutionary nascent state in ritualization of the current fighting behavior in M. saxicola.Doris PreiningerMarkus BoeckleMarc SztatecsnyWalter HödlPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 1, p e55367 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Doris Preininger Markus Boeckle Marc Sztatecsny Walter Hödl Divergent receiver responses to components of multimodal signals in two foot-flagging frog species.
description	Multimodal communication of acoustic and visual signals serves a vital role in the mating system of anuran amphibians. To understand signal evolution and function in multimodal signal design it is critical to test receiver responses to unimodal signal components versus multimodal composite signals. We investigated two anuran species displaying a conspicuous foot-flagging behavior in addition to or in combination with advertisement calls while announcing their signaling sites to conspecifics. To investigate the conspicuousness of the foot-flagging signals, we measured and compared spectral reflectance of foot webbings of Micrixalus saxicola and Staurois parvus using a spectrophotometer. We performed behavioral field experiments using a model frog including an extendable leg combined with acoustic playbacks to test receiver responses to acoustic, visual and combined audio-visual stimuli. Our results indicated that the foot webbings of S. parvus achieved a 13 times higher contrast against their visual background than feet of M. saxicola. The main response to all experimental stimuli in S. parvus was foot flagging, whereas M. saxicola responded primarily with calls but never foot flagged. Together these across-species differences suggest that in S. parvus foot-flagging behavior is applied as a salient and frequently used communicative signal during agonistic behavior, whereas we propose it constitutes an evolutionary nascent state in ritualization of the current fighting behavior in M. saxicola.
format	article
author	Doris Preininger Markus Boeckle Marc Sztatecsny Walter Hödl
author_facet	Doris Preininger Markus Boeckle Marc Sztatecsny Walter Hödl
author_sort	Doris Preininger
title	Divergent receiver responses to components of multimodal signals in two foot-flagging frog species.
title_short	Divergent receiver responses to components of multimodal signals in two foot-flagging frog species.
title_full	Divergent receiver responses to components of multimodal signals in two foot-flagging frog species.
title_fullStr	Divergent receiver responses to components of multimodal signals in two foot-flagging frog species.
title_full_unstemmed	Divergent receiver responses to components of multimodal signals in two foot-flagging frog species.
title_sort	divergent receiver responses to components of multimodal signals in two foot-flagging frog species.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/af8ffdc3b5e64e6e86ba5b713a05a63d
work_keys_str_mv	AT dorispreininger divergentreceiverresponsestocomponentsofmultimodalsignalsintwofootflaggingfrogspecies AT markusboeckle divergentreceiverresponsestocomponentsofmultimodalsignalsintwofootflaggingfrogspecies AT marcsztatecsny divergentreceiverresponsestocomponentsofmultimodalsignalsintwofootflaggingfrogspecies AT walterhodl divergentreceiverresponsestocomponentsofmultimodalsignalsintwofootflaggingfrogspecies
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Divergent receiver responses to components of multimodal signals in two foot-flagging frog species.

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