Differences between children with Down syndrome and typically developing children in adaptive behaviour, executive functions and visual acuity

Abstract In children with Down syndrome (DS) development of visual, motor and cognitive functions is atypical. It is unknown whether the visual impairments in children with DS aggravate their lag in cognitive development. Visual impairment and developmental lags in adaptive behaviour and executive f...

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Autores principales:	Christine de Weger, F. Nienke Boonstra, Jeroen Goossens
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/af95e820947248cd811c947ccd495c41
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:af95e820947248cd811c947ccd495c412021-12-02T14:37:39ZDifferences between children with Down syndrome and typically developing children in adaptive behaviour, executive functions and visual acuity10.1038/s41598-021-85037-42045-2322https://doaj.org/article/af95e820947248cd811c947ccd495c412021-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-85037-4https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract In children with Down syndrome (DS) development of visual, motor and cognitive functions is atypical. It is unknown whether the visual impairments in children with DS aggravate their lag in cognitive development. Visual impairment and developmental lags in adaptive behaviour and executive functions were assessed in 104 children with DS, 2–16 years, by comparing their adaptive behaviour, executive functions and visual acuity (distant and near) scores against published age-matched norm scores of typically developing children. Associations between these lags were explored. Mean (± SEM) differences to age-matched norms indicated reduced performance in DS: Vineland Screener questionnaire, − 63 ± 3.8 months; task-based Minnesota Executive Function Scale (MEFS), − 46.09 ± 2.07 points; BRIEF-P questionnaire, 25.29 ± 4.66 points; BRIEF parents’ and teachers’ questionnaire, 17.89 ± 3.92 points and 40.10 ± 3.81 points; distant and near visual acuity, 0.51 ± 0.03 LogMAR and 0.63 ± 0.03 LogMAR (near − 0.11 ± 0.04 LogMAR poorer than distant). Adaptive behaviour (Vineland-S) correlated with the severity of visual impairment (r = − 0.396). Children with DS are severely impaired in adaptive behaviour, executive functions and visual acuities (near visual acuity more severely impaired than distant visual acuity). Larger impairment in adaptive behaviour is found in children with larger visual impairment. This supports the idea that visual acuity plays a role in adaptive development.Christine de WegerF. Nienke BoonstraJeroen GoossensNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Christine de Weger F. Nienke Boonstra Jeroen Goossens Differences between children with Down syndrome and typically developing children in adaptive behaviour, executive functions and visual acuity
description	Abstract In children with Down syndrome (DS) development of visual, motor and cognitive functions is atypical. It is unknown whether the visual impairments in children with DS aggravate their lag in cognitive development. Visual impairment and developmental lags in adaptive behaviour and executive functions were assessed in 104 children with DS, 2–16 years, by comparing their adaptive behaviour, executive functions and visual acuity (distant and near) scores against published age-matched norm scores of typically developing children. Associations between these lags were explored. Mean (± SEM) differences to age-matched norms indicated reduced performance in DS: Vineland Screener questionnaire, − 63 ± 3.8 months; task-based Minnesota Executive Function Scale (MEFS), − 46.09 ± 2.07 points; BRIEF-P questionnaire, 25.29 ± 4.66 points; BRIEF parents’ and teachers’ questionnaire, 17.89 ± 3.92 points and 40.10 ± 3.81 points; distant and near visual acuity, 0.51 ± 0.03 LogMAR and 0.63 ± 0.03 LogMAR (near − 0.11 ± 0.04 LogMAR poorer than distant). Adaptive behaviour (Vineland-S) correlated with the severity of visual impairment (r = − 0.396). Children with DS are severely impaired in adaptive behaviour, executive functions and visual acuities (near visual acuity more severely impaired than distant visual acuity). Larger impairment in adaptive behaviour is found in children with larger visual impairment. This supports the idea that visual acuity plays a role in adaptive development.
format	article
author	Christine de Weger F. Nienke Boonstra Jeroen Goossens
author_facet	Christine de Weger F. Nienke Boonstra Jeroen Goossens
author_sort	Christine de Weger
title	Differences between children with Down syndrome and typically developing children in adaptive behaviour, executive functions and visual acuity
title_short	Differences between children with Down syndrome and typically developing children in adaptive behaviour, executive functions and visual acuity
title_full	Differences between children with Down syndrome and typically developing children in adaptive behaviour, executive functions and visual acuity
title_fullStr	Differences between children with Down syndrome and typically developing children in adaptive behaviour, executive functions and visual acuity
title_full_unstemmed	Differences between children with Down syndrome and typically developing children in adaptive behaviour, executive functions and visual acuity
title_sort	differences between children with down syndrome and typically developing children in adaptive behaviour, executive functions and visual acuity
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/af95e820947248cd811c947ccd495c41
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Differences between children with Down syndrome and typically developing children in adaptive behaviour, executive functions and visual acuity

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