Solving the Puzzle: What Is the Role of Progestogens in Neovascularization?

Ovarian sex steroids can modulate new vessel formation and development, and the clarification of the underlying mechanism will provide insight into neovascularization-related physiological changes and pathological conditions. Unlike estrogen, which mainly promotes neovascularization through activati...

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Autores principales:	Zhi Xia, Jian Xiao, Qiong Chen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	progestogens progesterone progestins estrogen neovascularization endometrium Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/af9a5b17b2004c8c81fc316f5ae0c3ed
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:af9a5b17b2004c8c81fc316f5ae0c3ed
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:af9a5b17b2004c8c81fc316f5ae0c3ed2021-11-25T16:53:48ZSolving the Puzzle: What Is the Role of Progestogens in Neovascularization?10.3390/biom111116862218-273Xhttps://doaj.org/article/af9a5b17b2004c8c81fc316f5ae0c3ed2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/11/11/1686https://doaj.org/toc/2218-273XOvarian sex steroids can modulate new vessel formation and development, and the clarification of the underlying mechanism will provide insight into neovascularization-related physiological changes and pathological conditions. Unlike estrogen, which mainly promotes neovascularization through activating classic post-receptor signaling pathways, progesterone (P4) regulates a variety of downstream factors with angiogenic or antiangiogenic effects, exerting various influences on neovascularization. Furthermore, diverse progestins, the synthetic progesterone receptor (PR) agonists structurally related to P4, have been used in numerous studies, which could contribute to unequal actions. As a result, there have been many conflicting observations in the past, making it difficult for researchers to define the exact role of progestogens (PR agonists including naturally occurring P4 and synthetic progestins). This review summarizes available evidence for progestogen-mediated neovascularization under physiological and pathological circumstances, and attempts to elaborate their functional characteristics and regulatory patterns from a comprehensive perspective.Zhi XiaJian XiaoQiong ChenMDPI AGarticleprogestogensprogesteroneprogestinsestrogenneovascularizationendometriumMicrobiologyQR1-502ENBiomolecules, Vol 11, Iss 1686, p 1686 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	progestogens progesterone progestins estrogen neovascularization endometrium Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	progestogens progesterone progestins estrogen neovascularization endometrium Microbiology QR1-502 Zhi Xia Jian Xiao Qiong Chen Solving the Puzzle: What Is the Role of Progestogens in Neovascularization?
description	Ovarian sex steroids can modulate new vessel formation and development, and the clarification of the underlying mechanism will provide insight into neovascularization-related physiological changes and pathological conditions. Unlike estrogen, which mainly promotes neovascularization through activating classic post-receptor signaling pathways, progesterone (P4) regulates a variety of downstream factors with angiogenic or antiangiogenic effects, exerting various influences on neovascularization. Furthermore, diverse progestins, the synthetic progesterone receptor (PR) agonists structurally related to P4, have been used in numerous studies, which could contribute to unequal actions. As a result, there have been many conflicting observations in the past, making it difficult for researchers to define the exact role of progestogens (PR agonists including naturally occurring P4 and synthetic progestins). This review summarizes available evidence for progestogen-mediated neovascularization under physiological and pathological circumstances, and attempts to elaborate their functional characteristics and regulatory patterns from a comprehensive perspective.
format	article
author	Zhi Xia Jian Xiao Qiong Chen
author_facet	Zhi Xia Jian Xiao Qiong Chen
author_sort	Zhi Xia
title	Solving the Puzzle: What Is the Role of Progestogens in Neovascularization?
title_short	Solving the Puzzle: What Is the Role of Progestogens in Neovascularization?
title_full	Solving the Puzzle: What Is the Role of Progestogens in Neovascularization?
title_fullStr	Solving the Puzzle: What Is the Role of Progestogens in Neovascularization?
title_full_unstemmed	Solving the Puzzle: What Is the Role of Progestogens in Neovascularization?
title_sort	solving the puzzle: what is the role of progestogens in neovascularization?
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/af9a5b17b2004c8c81fc316f5ae0c3ed
work_keys_str_mv	AT zhixia solvingthepuzzlewhatistheroleofprogestogensinneovascularization AT jianxiao solvingthepuzzlewhatistheroleofprogestogensinneovascularization AT qiongchen solvingthepuzzlewhatistheroleofprogestogensinneovascularization
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Solving the Puzzle: What Is the Role of Progestogens in Neovascularization?

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