Update on Novel Therapeutics for Primary CNS Lymphoma

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare lymphoma isolated to the central nervous system or vitreoretinal space. Standard treatment consists of cytotoxic methotrexate-based chemotherapy, with or without radiation. Despite high rates of response, relapse is common, highlighting the n...

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Autores principales:	Lauren R. Schaff, Christian Grommes
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	PCNSL CNS lymphoma methotrexate novel therapies novel therapeutics Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/af9b30bbf2c640b7ae8102c15224e36d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:af9b30bbf2c640b7ae8102c15224e36d2021-11-11T15:29:25ZUpdate on Novel Therapeutics for Primary CNS Lymphoma10.3390/cancers132153722072-6694https://doaj.org/article/af9b30bbf2c640b7ae8102c15224e36d2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/21/5372https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6694Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare lymphoma isolated to the central nervous system or vitreoretinal space. Standard treatment consists of cytotoxic methotrexate-based chemotherapy, with or without radiation. Despite high rates of response, relapse is common, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic approaches. Recent advances in the understanding of PCNSL have elucidated mechanisms of pathogenesis and resistance including activation of the B-cell receptor and mammalian target of rapamycin pathways. Novel treatment strategies such as the Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor ibrutinib, phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) inhibitors, and immunomodulatory drugs are promising. Increasingly, evidence suggests immune evasion plays a role in PCNSL pathogenesis and several immunotherapeutic strategies including checkpoint inhibition and targeted chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells are under investigation. This review provides a discussion on the challenges in development of targeted therapeutic strategies, an update on recent treatment advances, and offers a look toward ongoing clinical studies.Lauren R. SchaffChristian GrommesMDPI AGarticlePCNSLCNS lymphomamethotrexatenovel therapiesnovel therapeuticsNeoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensRC254-282ENCancers, Vol 13, Iss 5372, p 5372 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	PCNSL CNS lymphoma methotrexate novel therapies novel therapeutics Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
spellingShingle	PCNSL CNS lymphoma methotrexate novel therapies novel therapeutics Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282 Lauren R. Schaff Christian Grommes Update on Novel Therapeutics for Primary CNS Lymphoma
description	Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare lymphoma isolated to the central nervous system or vitreoretinal space. Standard treatment consists of cytotoxic methotrexate-based chemotherapy, with or without radiation. Despite high rates of response, relapse is common, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic approaches. Recent advances in the understanding of PCNSL have elucidated mechanisms of pathogenesis and resistance including activation of the B-cell receptor and mammalian target of rapamycin pathways. Novel treatment strategies such as the Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor ibrutinib, phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) inhibitors, and immunomodulatory drugs are promising. Increasingly, evidence suggests immune evasion plays a role in PCNSL pathogenesis and several immunotherapeutic strategies including checkpoint inhibition and targeted chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells are under investigation. This review provides a discussion on the challenges in development of targeted therapeutic strategies, an update on recent treatment advances, and offers a look toward ongoing clinical studies.
format	article
author	Lauren R. Schaff Christian Grommes
author_facet	Lauren R. Schaff Christian Grommes
author_sort	Lauren R. Schaff
title	Update on Novel Therapeutics for Primary CNS Lymphoma
title_short	Update on Novel Therapeutics for Primary CNS Lymphoma
title_full	Update on Novel Therapeutics for Primary CNS Lymphoma
title_fullStr	Update on Novel Therapeutics for Primary CNS Lymphoma
title_full_unstemmed	Update on Novel Therapeutics for Primary CNS Lymphoma
title_sort	update on novel therapeutics for primary cns lymphoma
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/af9b30bbf2c640b7ae8102c15224e36d
work_keys_str_mv	AT laurenrschaff updateonnoveltherapeuticsforprimarycnslymphoma AT christiangrommes updateonnoveltherapeuticsforprimarycnslymphoma
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Update on Novel Therapeutics for Primary CNS Lymphoma

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