Effects of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Body Composition and Bioelectrical Phase Angle in Serie A Soccer Players: A Comparison of Two Consecutive Seasons

The present study compared changes in body composition during the COVID-19-associated lockdown with the same period of the following season in elite soccer players. Fifteen elite male soccer players (30.5 ± 3.6 years.) underwent a bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) before (end of February) and a...

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Autores principales:	Francesco Campa, Tindaro Bongiovanni, Athos Trecroci, Alessio Rossi, Gianpiero Greco, Giulio Pasta, Giuseppe Coratella
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	BIA BIVA coronavirus disease detraining fat mass football Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/afa43a9e694c4dd19973290c7b62887b
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:afa43a9e694c4dd19973290c7b62887b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:afa43a9e694c4dd19973290c7b62887b2021-11-25T16:47:42ZEffects of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Body Composition and Bioelectrical Phase Angle in Serie A Soccer Players: A Comparison of Two Consecutive Seasons10.3390/biology101111752079-7737https://doaj.org/article/afa43a9e694c4dd19973290c7b62887b2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/10/11/1175https://doaj.org/toc/2079-7737The present study compared changes in body composition during the COVID-19-associated lockdown with the same period of the following season in elite soccer players. Fifteen elite male soccer players (30.5 ± 3.6 years.) underwent a bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) before (end of February) and after (end of May) the lockdown, which occurred during the 2019/2020 season, and at the same period during the following competitive season in 2020/2021, when restrictions were lifted. Fat and muscle mass were estimated using predictive equations, while phase angle (PhA) and bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) patterns were directly measured. After lockdown, fat mass remained unchanged (<i>p</i> > 0.05), while muscle mass (95%CI = −1.12/−0.64; ES = −2.04) and PhA (95%CI = 0.51/−0.24, ES = −1.56) decreased. A rightward displacement of the BIVA vector was also found (<i>p</i> < 0.001, ES = 1.50). After the same period during the regular season, FM% and muscle mass did not change (<i>p</i> > 0.05), while the PhA increased (95%CI = 0.01/0.22; ES = 0.63). A leftward vector displacement (<i>p</i> < 0.001, ES = 1.05) was also observed. The changes in muscle mass correlated with changes in PhA (“lockdown” season 2019/2020: ß = −1.128, <i>p</i> = 0.011; “regular” season 2020/21: ß = 1.963, <i>p</i> = 0.011). In conclusion, coaches and strength conditioners should monitor muscle mass in soccer players during detraining periods as this parameter appears to be mainly affected by changes in training plans.Francesco CampaTindaro BongiovanniAthos TrecrociAlessio RossiGianpiero GrecoGiulio PastaGiuseppe CoratellaMDPI AGarticleBIABIVAcoronavirus diseasedetrainingfat massfootballBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENBiology, Vol 10, Iss 1175, p 1175 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	BIA BIVA coronavirus disease detraining fat mass football Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	BIA BIVA coronavirus disease detraining fat mass football Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Francesco Campa Tindaro Bongiovanni Athos Trecroci Alessio Rossi Gianpiero Greco Giulio Pasta Giuseppe Coratella Effects of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Body Composition and Bioelectrical Phase Angle in Serie A Soccer Players: A Comparison of Two Consecutive Seasons
description	The present study compared changes in body composition during the COVID-19-associated lockdown with the same period of the following season in elite soccer players. Fifteen elite male soccer players (30.5 ± 3.6 years.) underwent a bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) before (end of February) and after (end of May) the lockdown, which occurred during the 2019/2020 season, and at the same period during the following competitive season in 2020/2021, when restrictions were lifted. Fat and muscle mass were estimated using predictive equations, while phase angle (PhA) and bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) patterns were directly measured. After lockdown, fat mass remained unchanged (<i>p</i> > 0.05), while muscle mass (95%CI = −1.12/−0.64; ES = −2.04) and PhA (95%CI = 0.51/−0.24, ES = −1.56) decreased. A rightward displacement of the BIVA vector was also found (<i>p</i> < 0.001, ES = 1.50). After the same period during the regular season, FM% and muscle mass did not change (<i>p</i> > 0.05), while the PhA increased (95%CI = 0.01/0.22; ES = 0.63). A leftward vector displacement (<i>p</i> < 0.001, ES = 1.05) was also observed. The changes in muscle mass correlated with changes in PhA (“lockdown” season 2019/2020: ß = −1.128, <i>p</i> = 0.011; “regular” season 2020/21: ß = 1.963, <i>p</i> = 0.011). In conclusion, coaches and strength conditioners should monitor muscle mass in soccer players during detraining periods as this parameter appears to be mainly affected by changes in training plans.
format	article
author	Francesco Campa Tindaro Bongiovanni Athos Trecroci Alessio Rossi Gianpiero Greco Giulio Pasta Giuseppe Coratella
author_facet	Francesco Campa Tindaro Bongiovanni Athos Trecroci Alessio Rossi Gianpiero Greco Giulio Pasta Giuseppe Coratella
author_sort	Francesco Campa
title	Effects of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Body Composition and Bioelectrical Phase Angle in Serie A Soccer Players: A Comparison of Two Consecutive Seasons
title_short	Effects of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Body Composition and Bioelectrical Phase Angle in Serie A Soccer Players: A Comparison of Two Consecutive Seasons
title_full	Effects of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Body Composition and Bioelectrical Phase Angle in Serie A Soccer Players: A Comparison of Two Consecutive Seasons
title_fullStr	Effects of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Body Composition and Bioelectrical Phase Angle in Serie A Soccer Players: A Comparison of Two Consecutive Seasons
title_full_unstemmed	Effects of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Body Composition and Bioelectrical Phase Angle in Serie A Soccer Players: A Comparison of Two Consecutive Seasons
title_sort	effects of the covid-19 lockdown on body composition and bioelectrical phase angle in serie a soccer players: a comparison of two consecutive seasons
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/afa43a9e694c4dd19973290c7b62887b
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Effects of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Body Composition and Bioelectrical Phase Angle in Serie A Soccer Players: A Comparison of Two Consecutive Seasons

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