Levetiracetam in the treatment of epilepsy

Bassel Abou-KhalilDepartment of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USAAbstract: Epilepsy is a common chronic disorder that requires long-term antiepileptic drug therapy. Approximately one half of patients fail the initial antiepileptic drug and about 35% are refra...

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Autor principal:	Bassel Abou-Khalil
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2008
Materias:	Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/afbb07a100c54e9ba922ee64de489919
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:afbb07a100c54e9ba922ee64de4899192021-12-02T01:04:33ZLevetiracetam in the treatment of epilepsy1176-63281178-2021https://doaj.org/article/afbb07a100c54e9ba922ee64de4899192008-06-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/levetiracetam-in-the-treatment-of-epilepsy-a1848https://doaj.org/toc/1176-6328https://doaj.org/toc/1178-2021Bassel Abou-KhalilDepartment of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USAAbstract: Epilepsy is a common chronic disorder that requires long-term antiepileptic drug therapy. Approximately one half of patients fail the initial antiepileptic drug and about 35% are refractory to medical therapy, highlighting the continued need for more effective and better tolerated drugs. Levetiracetam is an antiepileptic drug marketed since 2000. Its novel mechanism of action is modulation of synaptic neurotransmitter release through binding to the synaptic vesicle protein SV2A in the brain. Its pharmacokinetic advantages include rapid and almost complete absorption, minimal insignificant binding to plasma protein, absence of enzyme induction, absence of interactions with other drugs, and partial metabolism outside the liver. The availability of an intravenous preparation is yet another advantage. It has been demonstrated effective as adjunctive therapy for refractory partial-onset seizures, primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures, and myoclonic seizures of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. In addition, it was found equivalent to controlled release carbamazepine as first-line therapy for partial-onset seizures, both in efficacy and tolerability. Its main adverse effects in randomized adjunctive trials in adults have been somnolence, asthenia, infection, and dizziness. In children, the behavioral adverse effects of hostility and nervousness were also noted. Levetiracetam is an important addition to the treatment of epilepsy.Keywords: epilepsy, seizures, antiepileptic drugs, long-term therapy, efficacy, safety, levetiracetam Bassel Abou-KhalilDove Medical PressarticleNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571Neurology. Diseases of the nervous systemRC346-429ENNeuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Vol 2008, Iss Issue 3, Pp 507-523 (2008)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
spellingShingle	Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429 Bassel Abou-Khalil Levetiracetam in the treatment of epilepsy
description	Bassel Abou-KhalilDepartment of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USAAbstract: Epilepsy is a common chronic disorder that requires long-term antiepileptic drug therapy. Approximately one half of patients fail the initial antiepileptic drug and about 35% are refractory to medical therapy, highlighting the continued need for more effective and better tolerated drugs. Levetiracetam is an antiepileptic drug marketed since 2000. Its novel mechanism of action is modulation of synaptic neurotransmitter release through binding to the synaptic vesicle protein SV2A in the brain. Its pharmacokinetic advantages include rapid and almost complete absorption, minimal insignificant binding to plasma protein, absence of enzyme induction, absence of interactions with other drugs, and partial metabolism outside the liver. The availability of an intravenous preparation is yet another advantage. It has been demonstrated effective as adjunctive therapy for refractory partial-onset seizures, primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures, and myoclonic seizures of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. In addition, it was found equivalent to controlled release carbamazepine as first-line therapy for partial-onset seizures, both in efficacy and tolerability. Its main adverse effects in randomized adjunctive trials in adults have been somnolence, asthenia, infection, and dizziness. In children, the behavioral adverse effects of hostility and nervousness were also noted. Levetiracetam is an important addition to the treatment of epilepsy.Keywords: epilepsy, seizures, antiepileptic drugs, long-term therapy, efficacy, safety, levetiracetam
format	article
author	Bassel Abou-Khalil
author_facet	Bassel Abou-Khalil
author_sort	Bassel Abou-Khalil
title	Levetiracetam in the treatment of epilepsy
title_short	Levetiracetam in the treatment of epilepsy
title_full	Levetiracetam in the treatment of epilepsy
title_fullStr	Levetiracetam in the treatment of epilepsy
title_full_unstemmed	Levetiracetam in the treatment of epilepsy
title_sort	levetiracetam in the treatment of epilepsy
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2008
url	https://doaj.org/article/afbb07a100c54e9ba922ee64de489919
work_keys_str_mv	AT basselaboukhalil levetiracetaminthetreatmentofepilepsy
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Levetiracetam in the treatment of epilepsy

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