Recognition of Sedimentary Rock Occurrences in Satellite and Aerial Images of Other Worlds—Insights from Mars

Sedimentary rocks provide records of past surface and subsurface processes and environments. The first step in the study of the sedimentary rock record of another world is to learn to recognize their occurrences in images from instruments aboard orbiting, flyby, or aerial platforms. For two decades,...

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Autores principales:	Kenneth S. Edgett, Ranjan Sarkar
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	MARS sedimentary rock early Mars Mars volcanism extraterrestrial sediment spacecraft image interpretation satellite image interpretation Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/afe18e15f9f64b2ab0dbbbe74c2052f9
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:afe18e15f9f64b2ab0dbbbe74c2052f9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:afe18e15f9f64b2ab0dbbbe74c2052f92021-11-11T18:53:22ZRecognition of Sedimentary Rock Occurrences in Satellite and Aerial Images of Other Worlds—Insights from Mars10.3390/rs132142962072-4292https://doaj.org/article/afe18e15f9f64b2ab0dbbbe74c2052f92021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/21/4296https://doaj.org/toc/2072-4292Sedimentary rocks provide records of past surface and subsurface processes and environments. The first step in the study of the sedimentary rock record of another world is to learn to recognize their occurrences in images from instruments aboard orbiting, flyby, or aerial platforms. For two decades, Mars has been known to have sedimentary rocks; however, planet-wide identification is incomplete. Global coverage at 0.25–6 m/pixel, and observations from the Curiosity rover in Gale crater, expand the ability to recognize Martian sedimentary rocks. No longer limited to cases that are light-toned, lightly cratered, and stratified—or mimic original depositional setting (e.g., lithified deltas)—Martian sedimentary rocks include dark-toned examples, as well as rocks that are erosion-resistant enough to retain small craters as well as do lava flows. Breakdown of conglomerates, breccias, and even some mudstones, can produce a pebbly regolith that imparts a “smooth” appearance in satellite and aerial images. Context is important; sedimentary rocks remain challenging to distinguish from primary igneous rocks in some cases. Detection of ultramafic, mafic, or andesitic compositions do not dictate that a rock is igneous, and clast genesis should be considered separately from the depositional record. Mars likely has much more sedimentary rock than previously recognized.Kenneth S. EdgettRanjan SarkarMDPI AGarticleMARS sedimentary rockearly MarsMars volcanismextraterrestrial sedimentspacecraft image interpretationsatellite image interpretationScienceQENRemote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 4296, p 4296 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	MARS sedimentary rock early Mars Mars volcanism extraterrestrial sediment spacecraft image interpretation satellite image interpretation Science Q
spellingShingle	MARS sedimentary rock early Mars Mars volcanism extraterrestrial sediment spacecraft image interpretation satellite image interpretation Science Q Kenneth S. Edgett Ranjan Sarkar Recognition of Sedimentary Rock Occurrences in Satellite and Aerial Images of Other Worlds—Insights from Mars
description	Sedimentary rocks provide records of past surface and subsurface processes and environments. The first step in the study of the sedimentary rock record of another world is to learn to recognize their occurrences in images from instruments aboard orbiting, flyby, or aerial platforms. For two decades, Mars has been known to have sedimentary rocks; however, planet-wide identification is incomplete. Global coverage at 0.25–6 m/pixel, and observations from the Curiosity rover in Gale crater, expand the ability to recognize Martian sedimentary rocks. No longer limited to cases that are light-toned, lightly cratered, and stratified—or mimic original depositional setting (e.g., lithified deltas)—Martian sedimentary rocks include dark-toned examples, as well as rocks that are erosion-resistant enough to retain small craters as well as do lava flows. Breakdown of conglomerates, breccias, and even some mudstones, can produce a pebbly regolith that imparts a “smooth” appearance in satellite and aerial images. Context is important; sedimentary rocks remain challenging to distinguish from primary igneous rocks in some cases. Detection of ultramafic, mafic, or andesitic compositions do not dictate that a rock is igneous, and clast genesis should be considered separately from the depositional record. Mars likely has much more sedimentary rock than previously recognized.
format	article
author	Kenneth S. Edgett Ranjan Sarkar
author_facet	Kenneth S. Edgett Ranjan Sarkar
author_sort	Kenneth S. Edgett
title	Recognition of Sedimentary Rock Occurrences in Satellite and Aerial Images of Other Worlds—Insights from Mars
title_short	Recognition of Sedimentary Rock Occurrences in Satellite and Aerial Images of Other Worlds—Insights from Mars
title_full	Recognition of Sedimentary Rock Occurrences in Satellite and Aerial Images of Other Worlds—Insights from Mars
title_fullStr	Recognition of Sedimentary Rock Occurrences in Satellite and Aerial Images of Other Worlds—Insights from Mars
title_full_unstemmed	Recognition of Sedimentary Rock Occurrences in Satellite and Aerial Images of Other Worlds—Insights from Mars
title_sort	recognition of sedimentary rock occurrences in satellite and aerial images of other worlds—insights from mars
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/afe18e15f9f64b2ab0dbbbe74c2052f9
work_keys_str_mv	AT kennethsedgett recognitionofsedimentaryrockoccurrencesinsatelliteandaerialimagesofotherworldsinsightsfrommars AT ranjansarkar recognitionofsedimentaryrockoccurrencesinsatelliteandaerialimagesofotherworldsinsightsfrommars
_version_	1718431719729659904

Recognition of Sedimentary Rock Occurrences in Satellite and Aerial Images of Other Worlds—Insights from Mars

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