Effect of Hydroalcoholic Root Extract of Aerva lanata on Acetaminophen Induced Hepatotoxicity in Wistar Rats
Introduction: Acute acetaminophen poisoning leads to fulminant hepatic failure and renal tubular damage. N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC), an antidote for acetaminophen poisoning, carries its own adverse effect profile such as anaphylactoid reactions, cerebral oedema and hyponatremia at high doses. Aerva...
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| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN |
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JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2021
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| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/b00f75dfe9174b798dc89fd61d5f7413 |
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| Sumario: | Introduction: Acute acetaminophen poisoning leads to fulminant
hepatic failure and renal tubular damage. N-Acetyl Cysteine
(NAC), an antidote for acetaminophen poisoning, carries its
own adverse effect profile such as anaphylactoid reactions,
cerebral oedema and hyponatremia at high doses. Aerva
lanata, an erect or prostate herbaceous weed has a wide range
of medicinal uses like, hepatoprotection, nephroprotection,
antiasthamatic and antiamoebic. Previous study on rats have
shown that hydroalcoholic root extract of Aerva lanata has
significant hepatoprotective property when administered before
acetaminophen.
Aim: To evaluate the effect of hydroalcoholic root extract of
Aerva lanata and NAC, as monotherapy and in combination, for
acetaminophen induced hepatotoxicity in albino Wistar rats.
Materials and Methods: This was an experimental animal study.
Thirty adult male albino Wistar rats were equally divided into five
groups: group I-vehicle, group II-acetaminophen only, group IIIacetaminophen+NAC, group IV-acetaminophen+Aerva lanata
root extract, group V-Acetaminophen+NAC+Aerva lanata root
extract. Hepatotoxicity was induced in rats belonging to groups
II, III, IV and V using acetaminophen (2 g/kg p.o). All rats were
sacrificed after 72 hours of drug administration, blood samples
were sent for biochemical analysis. Liver and kidney samples
were sent for histopathological studies. Results were analysed
using one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Dunnett t-test.
Results: Root extract of Aerva lanata significantly reduces the
liver enzyme markers Aspartate Transaminase (AST), Alanine
Transaminase (ALT), Gamma Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) and
bilirubin) and blood urea concentration. The combination therapy
(root extract with NAC) showed a highly significant decrease
in AST, ALT, GGT (p<0.001), bilirubin (p<0.01) and blood urea
(p<0.001) when compared with the paracetamol group. A
significant reversal of liver injury was seen in histopathological
studies.
Conclusion: The combination therapy showed better improvement
of liver enzyme and renal parameters, along with significant
improvement in histopathological changes. Hence, combination of
hydroalcoholic root extract of Aerva lanata along with NAC can be
effective in treating acetaminophen poisoning. |
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