Natural Plant Extracts and Microbial Antagonists to Control Fungal Pathogens and Improve the Productivity of Zucchini (<i>Cucurbita pepo</i> L.) In Vitro and in Greenhouse

Background: Natural plant extracts and microbial antagonists have the potential for use in increasing the fungal resistance and productivity of horticulture plants. Methods: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of both natural plant extracts and microbial antagonists as a biotical c...

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Autores principales:	Hanaa S. Hassan, Abeer A. Mohamed, Mostafa N. Feleafel, Mohamed Z. M. Salem, Hayssam M. Ali, Mohammad Akrami, Doaa Y. Abd-Elkader
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	<i>Eucalyptus camaldulensis</i> <i>Citrus sinensis</i> <i>Ficus benghalensis</i> crown rot Fusarium wilt ITS natural plant extracts Plant culture SB1-1110
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b01ae323f28c4a1b816c4914092b49a5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b01ae323f28c4a1b816c4914092b49a52021-11-25T17:47:26ZNatural Plant Extracts and Microbial Antagonists to Control Fungal Pathogens and Improve the Productivity of Zucchini (<i>Cucurbita pepo</i> L.) In Vitro and in Greenhouse10.3390/horticulturae71104702311-7524https://doaj.org/article/b01ae323f28c4a1b816c4914092b49a52021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/7/11/470https://doaj.org/toc/2311-7524Background: Natural plant extracts and microbial antagonists have the potential for use in increasing the fungal resistance and productivity of horticulture plants. Methods: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of both natural plant extracts and microbial antagonists as a biotical control of some fungal pathogens, i.e., <i>Fusarium</i> ssp., <i>Exserohilum</i> ssp. and <i>Nigrospora</i> ssp., along with improving the growth and productivity performance of zucchini under greenhouse conditions. <i>Eucalyptus camaldulensis</i> leaf extract (LE), <i>Citrus sinensis</i> LE, <i>Ficus benghalensis</i> fruit extract (FE), and two microbial antagonists <i>Pseudomonas fluorescens</i> (accession no. MW647093) and <i>Trichoderma viride</i> (accession no. MW647090) were tested under in vitro and in vivo conditions. Through morphological characteristics and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, <i>Fusarium solani</i> (accession no. MW947256), <i>F. oxysporum</i> (accession no. MW947254), <i>Exserohilum rostratum</i> (accession no. MW947255), and <i>Nigrospora</i> <i>lacticolonia</i> (accession no. MW947253) were identified. HPLC analysis was used for the identification of phenolic compounds (PCs) and flavonoid compounds (FCs) in the extracts. Results: The highest inhibition percentage of fungal growth (IPFG) against <i>F. oxysporum</i> was obtained with <i>P. fluorescens</i>, <i>T. viride</i>, and <i>E. camaldulensis</i> LE (4000 mg/L); <i>F. solani</i> with <i>P. fluorescens</i>, <i>T. viride</i>, and <i>C. sinensis</i> LE (4000 mg/L); <i>Exserohilum rostratum</i> with <i>P. fluorescens</i>, <i>Ficus benghalensis</i> FE (4000 mg/L) and <i>E. camaldulensis</i> LE (4000 mg/L), and <i>N. lacticolonia</i> with <i>P. fluorescens</i>. Using HPLC analysis, the abundant PCs in <i>E. camaldulensis</i> LE were pyrogallol, and caffeic acid, those in <i>C. sinensis</i> LE were syringic acid and ferulic acid, and those in <i>F. benghalensis</i> FE were gallic acid and syringic acid. In addition, the abundant FCs in <i>E. camaldulensis</i> LE were kaempferol, and naringin, those in <i>C. sinensis</i> LE were hesperidin and quercetin, and those in <i>F. benghalensis</i> FE were kaempferol and quercetin. Under greenhouse experiments, <i>T. viride</i> and <i>E. camaldulensis</i> LE (4000 mg/L) followed by <i>P. fluorescens</i> + <i>T. viride</i> treatments gave the best results of zucchini plants in terms of leaf area, fruits number per plant, yield per plant, and total yield (marketable and non-marketable). Conclusions: Plant extracts and bioagents can be used to control some zucchini fungal pathogens and increase the productivity performance of zucchini plants.Hanaa S. HassanAbeer A. MohamedMostafa N. FeleafelMohamed Z. M. SalemHayssam M. AliMohammad AkramiDoaa Y. Abd-ElkaderMDPI AGarticle<i>Eucalyptus camaldulensis</i><i>Citrus sinensis</i><i>Ficus benghalensis</i> crown rotFusarium wiltITSnatural plant extractsPlant cultureSB1-1110ENHorticulturae, Vol 7, Iss 470, p 470 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	<i>Eucalyptus camaldulensis</i> <i>Citrus sinensis</i> <i>Ficus benghalensis</i> crown rot Fusarium wilt ITS natural plant extracts Plant culture SB1-1110
spellingShingle	<i>Eucalyptus camaldulensis</i> <i>Citrus sinensis</i> <i>Ficus benghalensis</i> crown rot Fusarium wilt ITS natural plant extracts Plant culture SB1-1110 Hanaa S. Hassan Abeer A. Mohamed Mostafa N. Feleafel Mohamed Z. M. Salem Hayssam M. Ali Mohammad Akrami Doaa Y. Abd-Elkader Natural Plant Extracts and Microbial Antagonists to Control Fungal Pathogens and Improve the Productivity of Zucchini (<i>Cucurbita pepo</i> L.) In Vitro and in Greenhouse
description	Background: Natural plant extracts and microbial antagonists have the potential for use in increasing the fungal resistance and productivity of horticulture plants. Methods: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of both natural plant extracts and microbial antagonists as a biotical control of some fungal pathogens, i.e., <i>Fusarium</i> ssp., <i>Exserohilum</i> ssp. and <i>Nigrospora</i> ssp., along with improving the growth and productivity performance of zucchini under greenhouse conditions. <i>Eucalyptus camaldulensis</i> leaf extract (LE), <i>Citrus sinensis</i> LE, <i>Ficus benghalensis</i> fruit extract (FE), and two microbial antagonists <i>Pseudomonas fluorescens</i> (accession no. MW647093) and <i>Trichoderma viride</i> (accession no. MW647090) were tested under in vitro and in vivo conditions. Through morphological characteristics and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, <i>Fusarium solani</i> (accession no. MW947256), <i>F. oxysporum</i> (accession no. MW947254), <i>Exserohilum rostratum</i> (accession no. MW947255), and <i>Nigrospora</i> <i>lacticolonia</i> (accession no. MW947253) were identified. HPLC analysis was used for the identification of phenolic compounds (PCs) and flavonoid compounds (FCs) in the extracts. Results: The highest inhibition percentage of fungal growth (IPFG) against <i>F. oxysporum</i> was obtained with <i>P. fluorescens</i>, <i>T. viride</i>, and <i>E. camaldulensis</i> LE (4000 mg/L); <i>F. solani</i> with <i>P. fluorescens</i>, <i>T. viride</i>, and <i>C. sinensis</i> LE (4000 mg/L); <i>Exserohilum rostratum</i> with <i>P. fluorescens</i>, <i>Ficus benghalensis</i> FE (4000 mg/L) and <i>E. camaldulensis</i> LE (4000 mg/L), and <i>N. lacticolonia</i> with <i>P. fluorescens</i>. Using HPLC analysis, the abundant PCs in <i>E. camaldulensis</i> LE were pyrogallol, and caffeic acid, those in <i>C. sinensis</i> LE were syringic acid and ferulic acid, and those in <i>F. benghalensis</i> FE were gallic acid and syringic acid. In addition, the abundant FCs in <i>E. camaldulensis</i> LE were kaempferol, and naringin, those in <i>C. sinensis</i> LE were hesperidin and quercetin, and those in <i>F. benghalensis</i> FE were kaempferol and quercetin. Under greenhouse experiments, <i>T. viride</i> and <i>E. camaldulensis</i> LE (4000 mg/L) followed by <i>P. fluorescens</i> + <i>T. viride</i> treatments gave the best results of zucchini plants in terms of leaf area, fruits number per plant, yield per plant, and total yield (marketable and non-marketable). Conclusions: Plant extracts and bioagents can be used to control some zucchini fungal pathogens and increase the productivity performance of zucchini plants.
format	article
author	Hanaa S. Hassan Abeer A. Mohamed Mostafa N. Feleafel Mohamed Z. M. Salem Hayssam M. Ali Mohammad Akrami Doaa Y. Abd-Elkader
author_facet	Hanaa S. Hassan Abeer A. Mohamed Mostafa N. Feleafel Mohamed Z. M. Salem Hayssam M. Ali Mohammad Akrami Doaa Y. Abd-Elkader
author_sort	Hanaa S. Hassan
title	Natural Plant Extracts and Microbial Antagonists to Control Fungal Pathogens and Improve the Productivity of Zucchini (<i>Cucurbita pepo</i> L.) In Vitro and in Greenhouse
title_short	Natural Plant Extracts and Microbial Antagonists to Control Fungal Pathogens and Improve the Productivity of Zucchini (<i>Cucurbita pepo</i> L.) In Vitro and in Greenhouse
title_full	Natural Plant Extracts and Microbial Antagonists to Control Fungal Pathogens and Improve the Productivity of Zucchini (<i>Cucurbita pepo</i> L.) In Vitro and in Greenhouse
title_fullStr	Natural Plant Extracts and Microbial Antagonists to Control Fungal Pathogens and Improve the Productivity of Zucchini (<i>Cucurbita pepo</i> L.) In Vitro and in Greenhouse
title_full_unstemmed	Natural Plant Extracts and Microbial Antagonists to Control Fungal Pathogens and Improve the Productivity of Zucchini (<i>Cucurbita pepo</i> L.) In Vitro and in Greenhouse
title_sort	natural plant extracts and microbial antagonists to control fungal pathogens and improve the productivity of zucchini (<i>cucurbita pepo</i> l.) in vitro and in greenhouse
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b01ae323f28c4a1b816c4914092b49a5
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Natural Plant Extracts and Microbial Antagonists to Control Fungal Pathogens and Improve the Productivity of Zucchini (<i>Cucurbita pepo</i> L.) In Vitro and in Greenhouse

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