Activation and detoxification of cassava cyanogenic glucosides by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci

Abstract Two-component plant defenses such as cyanogenic glucosides are produced by many plant species, but phloem-feeding herbivores have long been thought not to activate these defenses due to their mode of feeding, which causes only minimal tissue damage. Here, however, we report that cyanogenic...

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Autores principales:	Michael L. A. E. Easson, Osnat Malka, Christian Paetz, Anna Hojná, Michael Reichelt, Beate Stein, Sharon van Brunschot, Ester Feldmesser, Lahcen Campbell, John Colvin, Stephan Winter, Shai Morin, Jonathan Gershenzon, Daniel G. Vassão
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b03c17e08f1f4443950ed790da43c8f4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b03c17e08f1f4443950ed790da43c8f42021-12-02T18:02:55ZActivation and detoxification of cassava cyanogenic glucosides by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci10.1038/s41598-021-92553-w2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/b03c17e08f1f4443950ed790da43c8f42021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-92553-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Two-component plant defenses such as cyanogenic glucosides are produced by many plant species, but phloem-feeding herbivores have long been thought not to activate these defenses due to their mode of feeding, which causes only minimal tissue damage. Here, however, we report that cyanogenic glycoside defenses from cassava (Manihot esculenta), a major staple crop in Africa, are activated during feeding by a pest insect, the whitefly Bemisia tabaci, and the resulting hydrogen cyanide is detoxified by conversion to beta-cyanoalanine. Additionally, B. tabaci was found to utilize two metabolic mechanisms to detoxify cyanogenic glucosides by conversion to non-activatable derivatives. First, the cyanogenic glycoside linamarin was glucosylated 1–4 times in succession in a reaction catalyzed by two B. tabaci glycoside hydrolase family 13 enzymes in vitro utilizing sucrose as a co-substrate. Second, both linamarin and the glucosylated linamarin derivatives were phosphorylated. Both phosphorylation and glucosidation of linamarin render this plant pro-toxin inert to the activating plant enzyme linamarase, and thus these metabolic transformations can be considered pre-emptive detoxification strategies to avoid cyanogenesis.Michael L. A. E. EassonOsnat MalkaChristian PaetzAnna HojnáMichael ReicheltBeate SteinSharon van BrunschotEster FeldmesserLahcen CampbellJohn ColvinStephan WinterShai MorinJonathan GershenzonDaniel G. VassãoNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Michael L. A. E. Easson Osnat Malka Christian Paetz Anna Hojná Michael Reichelt Beate Stein Sharon van Brunschot Ester Feldmesser Lahcen Campbell John Colvin Stephan Winter Shai Morin Jonathan Gershenzon Daniel G. Vassão Activation and detoxification of cassava cyanogenic glucosides by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci
description	Abstract Two-component plant defenses such as cyanogenic glucosides are produced by many plant species, but phloem-feeding herbivores have long been thought not to activate these defenses due to their mode of feeding, which causes only minimal tissue damage. Here, however, we report that cyanogenic glycoside defenses from cassava (Manihot esculenta), a major staple crop in Africa, are activated during feeding by a pest insect, the whitefly Bemisia tabaci, and the resulting hydrogen cyanide is detoxified by conversion to beta-cyanoalanine. Additionally, B. tabaci was found to utilize two metabolic mechanisms to detoxify cyanogenic glucosides by conversion to non-activatable derivatives. First, the cyanogenic glycoside linamarin was glucosylated 1–4 times in succession in a reaction catalyzed by two B. tabaci glycoside hydrolase family 13 enzymes in vitro utilizing sucrose as a co-substrate. Second, both linamarin and the glucosylated linamarin derivatives were phosphorylated. Both phosphorylation and glucosidation of linamarin render this plant pro-toxin inert to the activating plant enzyme linamarase, and thus these metabolic transformations can be considered pre-emptive detoxification strategies to avoid cyanogenesis.
format	article
author	Michael L. A. E. Easson Osnat Malka Christian Paetz Anna Hojná Michael Reichelt Beate Stein Sharon van Brunschot Ester Feldmesser Lahcen Campbell John Colvin Stephan Winter Shai Morin Jonathan Gershenzon Daniel G. Vassão
author_facet	Michael L. A. E. Easson Osnat Malka Christian Paetz Anna Hojná Michael Reichelt Beate Stein Sharon van Brunschot Ester Feldmesser Lahcen Campbell John Colvin Stephan Winter Shai Morin Jonathan Gershenzon Daniel G. Vassão
author_sort	Michael L. A. E. Easson
title	Activation and detoxification of cassava cyanogenic glucosides by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci
title_short	Activation and detoxification of cassava cyanogenic glucosides by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci
title_full	Activation and detoxification of cassava cyanogenic glucosides by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci
title_fullStr	Activation and detoxification of cassava cyanogenic glucosides by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci
title_full_unstemmed	Activation and detoxification of cassava cyanogenic glucosides by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci
title_sort	activation and detoxification of cassava cyanogenic glucosides by the whitefly bemisia tabaci
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b03c17e08f1f4443950ed790da43c8f4
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Activation and detoxification of cassava cyanogenic glucosides by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci

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