Anisotropic and age-dependent elastic material behavior of the human costal cartilage

Abstract Compared to articular cartilage, the biomechanical properties of costal cartilage have not yet been extensively explored. The research presented addresses this problem by studying for the first time the anisotropic elastic behavior of human costal cartilage. Samples were taken from 12 male...

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Autores principales:	Matthias Weber, Markus Alexander Rothschild, Anja Niehoff
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b04b2cdbb196455db980ce671f18c60a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b04b2cdbb196455db980ce671f18c60a2021-12-02T16:10:35ZAnisotropic and age-dependent elastic material behavior of the human costal cartilage10.1038/s41598-021-93176-x2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/b04b2cdbb196455db980ce671f18c60a2021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-93176-xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Compared to articular cartilage, the biomechanical properties of costal cartilage have not yet been extensively explored. The research presented addresses this problem by studying for the first time the anisotropic elastic behavior of human costal cartilage. Samples were taken from 12 male and female cadavers and unconfined compression and indentation tests were performed in mediolateral and dorsoventral direction to determine Young’s Moduli EC for compression and Ei5%, Ei10% and Eimax at 5%, 10% and maximum strain for indentation. Furthermore, the crack direction of the unconfined compression samples was determined and histological samples of the cartilage tissue were examined with the picrosirius-polarization staining method. The tests revealed mean Young’s Moduli of EC = 32.9 ± 17.9 MPa (N = 10), Ei5% = 11.1 ± 5.6 MPa (N = 12), Ei10% = 13.3 ± 6.3 MPa (N = 12) and Eimax = 14.6 ± 6.6 MPa (N = 12). We found that the Young’s Moduli in the indentation test are clearly anisotropic with significant higher results in the mediolateral direction (all P = 0.002). In addition, a dependence of the crack direction of the compressed specimens on the load orientation was observed. Those findings were supported by the orientation of the structure of the collagen fibers determined in the histological examination. Also, a significant age-related elastic behavior of human costal cartilage could be shown with the unconfined compression test (P = 0.009) and the indentation test (P = 0.004), but no sex effect could be detected. Those results are helpful in the field of autologous grafts for rhinoplastic surgery and for the refinement of material parameters in Finite Element models e.g., for accident analyses with traumatic impact on the thorax.Matthias WeberMarkus Alexander RothschildAnja NiehoffNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Matthias Weber Markus Alexander Rothschild Anja Niehoff Anisotropic and age-dependent elastic material behavior of the human costal cartilage
description	Abstract Compared to articular cartilage, the biomechanical properties of costal cartilage have not yet been extensively explored. The research presented addresses this problem by studying for the first time the anisotropic elastic behavior of human costal cartilage. Samples were taken from 12 male and female cadavers and unconfined compression and indentation tests were performed in mediolateral and dorsoventral direction to determine Young’s Moduli EC for compression and Ei5%, Ei10% and Eimax at 5%, 10% and maximum strain for indentation. Furthermore, the crack direction of the unconfined compression samples was determined and histological samples of the cartilage tissue were examined with the picrosirius-polarization staining method. The tests revealed mean Young’s Moduli of EC = 32.9 ± 17.9 MPa (N = 10), Ei5% = 11.1 ± 5.6 MPa (N = 12), Ei10% = 13.3 ± 6.3 MPa (N = 12) and Eimax = 14.6 ± 6.6 MPa (N = 12). We found that the Young’s Moduli in the indentation test are clearly anisotropic with significant higher results in the mediolateral direction (all P = 0.002). In addition, a dependence of the crack direction of the compressed specimens on the load orientation was observed. Those findings were supported by the orientation of the structure of the collagen fibers determined in the histological examination. Also, a significant age-related elastic behavior of human costal cartilage could be shown with the unconfined compression test (P = 0.009) and the indentation test (P = 0.004), but no sex effect could be detected. Those results are helpful in the field of autologous grafts for rhinoplastic surgery and for the refinement of material parameters in Finite Element models e.g., for accident analyses with traumatic impact on the thorax.
format	article
author	Matthias Weber Markus Alexander Rothschild Anja Niehoff
author_facet	Matthias Weber Markus Alexander Rothschild Anja Niehoff
author_sort	Matthias Weber
title	Anisotropic and age-dependent elastic material behavior of the human costal cartilage
title_short	Anisotropic and age-dependent elastic material behavior of the human costal cartilage
title_full	Anisotropic and age-dependent elastic material behavior of the human costal cartilage
title_fullStr	Anisotropic and age-dependent elastic material behavior of the human costal cartilage
title_full_unstemmed	Anisotropic and age-dependent elastic material behavior of the human costal cartilage
title_sort	anisotropic and age-dependent elastic material behavior of the human costal cartilage
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b04b2cdbb196455db980ce671f18c60a
work_keys_str_mv	AT matthiasweber anisotropicandagedependentelasticmaterialbehaviorofthehumancostalcartilage AT markusalexanderrothschild anisotropicandagedependentelasticmaterialbehaviorofthehumancostalcartilage AT anjaniehoff anisotropicandagedependentelasticmaterialbehaviorofthehumancostalcartilage
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Anisotropic and age-dependent elastic material behavior of the human costal cartilage

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