Safety and Efficacy of the East Coast Fever Muguga Cocktail Vaccine: A Systematic Review

Immunisation of livestock with high quality vaccines is considered an essential approach to controlling many animal diseases. The only currently available commercial vaccine to protect cattle from East Coast fever (ECF), a tick-borne disease caused by <i>Theileria parva</i>, is an unconv...

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Autores principales:	Fiona K. Allan, Andrew R. Peters
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	East Coast fever cattle Muguga cocktail vaccine safety efficacy Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b04d3616ac3245db8c92be09787997b7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b04d3616ac3245db8c92be09787997b72021-11-25T19:11:17ZSafety and Efficacy of the East Coast Fever Muguga Cocktail Vaccine: A Systematic Review10.3390/vaccines91113182076-393Xhttps://doaj.org/article/b04d3616ac3245db8c92be09787997b72021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/9/11/1318https://doaj.org/toc/2076-393XImmunisation of livestock with high quality vaccines is considered an essential approach to controlling many animal diseases. The only currently available commercial vaccine to protect cattle from East Coast fever (ECF), a tick-borne disease caused by <i>Theileria parva</i>, is an unconventional “infection and treatment method” (ITM) involving administration of a combination of live <i>T. parva</i> isolates, referred to as the “Muguga cocktail”, and simultaneous treatment with long-acting oxytetracycline. Veterinary vaccine research and development typically involves studies designed to demonstrate vaccine quality, safety, and efficacy; however, as there were no such purpose-designed registration studies conducted for the Muguga cocktail, evidence for safety and efficacy is solely based on that which is available in the clinical literature. An extensive systematic review was conducted to analyse the evidence available in the literature in order to establish the safety and efficacy of the Muguga cocktail vaccine. A combination of meta-analyses and narrative summaries was conducted. A total of 61 studies met the criteria to be included in the systematic review. The majority of studies demonstrated or reported in favour of the vaccine with regards to safety and efficacy of the Muguga cocktail vaccine. Proximity to buffalo often resulted in reduced vaccine efficacy, and reports of shed and transmission of vaccine components affected the overall interpretation of safety. Better understanding of control options for this devastating livestock disease is important for policymakers and livestock keepers, enabling them to make informed decisions with regards to the health of their animals and their livelihoods.Fiona K. AllanAndrew R. PetersMDPI AGarticleEast Coast fevercattleMuguga cocktailvaccinesafetyefficacyMedicineRENVaccines, Vol 9, Iss 1318, p 1318 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	East Coast fever cattle Muguga cocktail vaccine safety efficacy Medicine R
spellingShingle	East Coast fever cattle Muguga cocktail vaccine safety efficacy Medicine R Fiona K. Allan Andrew R. Peters Safety and Efficacy of the East Coast Fever Muguga Cocktail Vaccine: A Systematic Review
description	Immunisation of livestock with high quality vaccines is considered an essential approach to controlling many animal diseases. The only currently available commercial vaccine to protect cattle from East Coast fever (ECF), a tick-borne disease caused by <i>Theileria parva</i>, is an unconventional “infection and treatment method” (ITM) involving administration of a combination of live <i>T. parva</i> isolates, referred to as the “Muguga cocktail”, and simultaneous treatment with long-acting oxytetracycline. Veterinary vaccine research and development typically involves studies designed to demonstrate vaccine quality, safety, and efficacy; however, as there were no such purpose-designed registration studies conducted for the Muguga cocktail, evidence for safety and efficacy is solely based on that which is available in the clinical literature. An extensive systematic review was conducted to analyse the evidence available in the literature in order to establish the safety and efficacy of the Muguga cocktail vaccine. A combination of meta-analyses and narrative summaries was conducted. A total of 61 studies met the criteria to be included in the systematic review. The majority of studies demonstrated or reported in favour of the vaccine with regards to safety and efficacy of the Muguga cocktail vaccine. Proximity to buffalo often resulted in reduced vaccine efficacy, and reports of shed and transmission of vaccine components affected the overall interpretation of safety. Better understanding of control options for this devastating livestock disease is important for policymakers and livestock keepers, enabling them to make informed decisions with regards to the health of their animals and their livelihoods.
format	article
author	Fiona K. Allan Andrew R. Peters
author_facet	Fiona K. Allan Andrew R. Peters
author_sort	Fiona K. Allan
title	Safety and Efficacy of the East Coast Fever Muguga Cocktail Vaccine: A Systematic Review
title_short	Safety and Efficacy of the East Coast Fever Muguga Cocktail Vaccine: A Systematic Review
title_full	Safety and Efficacy of the East Coast Fever Muguga Cocktail Vaccine: A Systematic Review
title_fullStr	Safety and Efficacy of the East Coast Fever Muguga Cocktail Vaccine: A Systematic Review
title_full_unstemmed	Safety and Efficacy of the East Coast Fever Muguga Cocktail Vaccine: A Systematic Review
title_sort	safety and efficacy of the east coast fever muguga cocktail vaccine: a systematic review
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b04d3616ac3245db8c92be09787997b7
work_keys_str_mv	AT fionakallan safetyandefficacyoftheeastcoastfevermugugacocktailvaccineasystematicreview AT andrewrpeters safetyandefficacyoftheeastcoastfevermugugacocktailvaccineasystematicreview
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Safety and Efficacy of the East Coast Fever Muguga Cocktail Vaccine: A Systematic Review

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