HIV Prevalence and Associated Factors in Key Groups and General Population Treated at a Health Care Institution in Colombia in 2019: A Cross-Sectional Study

Jaiberth Antonio Cardona-Arias,1 Juan Carlos Cataño Correa,2 Luis Felipe Higuita-Gutiérrez1,3 1School of Microbiology, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia; 2Internal Medicine Infectious Diseases Section, University of Antioquia, Medellín...

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Autores principales:	Cardona-Arias JA, Cataño Correa JC, Higuita-Gutiérrez LF
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2020
Materias:	hiv / aids prevalence risk factors colombia vulnerable groups. Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b07a842a19f44fa789cdb4dbec2a391d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b07a842a19f44fa789cdb4dbec2a391d2021-12-02T10:53:10ZHIV Prevalence and Associated Factors in Key Groups and General Population Treated at a Health Care Institution in Colombia in 2019: A Cross-Sectional Study1179-1373https://doaj.org/article/b07a842a19f44fa789cdb4dbec2a391d2020-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/hiv-prevalence-and-associated-factors-in-key-groups-and-general-popula-peer-reviewed-article-HIVhttps://doaj.org/toc/1179-1373Jaiberth Antonio Cardona-Arias,1 Juan Carlos Cataño Correa,2 Luis Felipe Higuita-Gutiérrez1,3 1School of Microbiology, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia; 2Internal Medicine Infectious Diseases Section, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia; 3Faculty of Medicine, Cooperative University of Colombia, Medellín, Antioquia, ColombiaCorrespondence: Jaiberth Antonio Cardona-AriasSchool of Microbiology, University of Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52– 51, Bloque No. 5, Oficina 103, Medellín, ColombiaTel/ Fax +57 2195486Email jaiberth.cardona@udea.edu.coBackground: Research conducted on the prevalence of HIV/AIDS and its associated factors among key groups in Colombia is scarce. The few available studies show heterogeneity in their results and increasing trends of infection. This study analyses the prevalence of HIV and associated factors in key groups served at a health care institution in Colombia in 2019.Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study with the sample comprised of 5771 subjects from the general population, the LGBTI community, sex workers, people who inject drugs and prisoners. The diagnosis was based on a fourth-generation ELISA. Variables related to sociodemographics, healthcare, sexual risk factors and biological measures of infected subjects were analysed. Prevalence and odds ratios were calculated with 95% confidence intervals, and logistic regression models were performed to identify confounding variables and interactions between independent variables using SPSS 25.0.Results: The prevalence of HIV was 0.27% among the general population, 0.53% among sex workers, 0.66% among the homeless, 2.44% among transgender persons, 2.44% among prisoners, 5.36% among men who have sex with men and 7.92% among injection drug users. The explanatory model showed higher prevalence among men, those with higher education levels, those with no health coverage, those who have sex with people from key groups and those with sexually transmitted infections, with some interactions between the latter variables.Conclusion: A high prevalence of infection was found in the key groups, while the main explanatory factors for high infection rates were identified. The data show that national and global goals related to controlling HIV have not been achieved mainly in groups that are at a higher risk of obtaining and transmitting it and, paradoxically, also that are excluded from the national health coverage.Keywords: HIV/AIDS, prevalence, risk factors, Colombia, vulnerable groupsCardona-Arias JACataño Correa JCHiguita-Gutiérrez LFDove Medical Pressarticlehiv / aidsprevalencerisk factorscolombiavulnerable groups.Immunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607ENHIV/AIDS: Research and Palliative Care, Vol Volume 12, Pp 381-391 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	hiv / aids prevalence risk factors colombia vulnerable groups. Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
spellingShingle	hiv / aids prevalence risk factors colombia vulnerable groups. Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Cardona-Arias JA Cataño Correa JC Higuita-Gutiérrez LF HIV Prevalence and Associated Factors in Key Groups and General Population Treated at a Health Care Institution in Colombia in 2019: A Cross-Sectional Study
description	Jaiberth Antonio Cardona-Arias,1 Juan Carlos Cataño Correa,2 Luis Felipe Higuita-Gutiérrez1,3 1School of Microbiology, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia; 2Internal Medicine Infectious Diseases Section, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia; 3Faculty of Medicine, Cooperative University of Colombia, Medellín, Antioquia, ColombiaCorrespondence: Jaiberth Antonio Cardona-AriasSchool of Microbiology, University of Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52– 51, Bloque No. 5, Oficina 103, Medellín, ColombiaTel/ Fax +57 2195486Email jaiberth.cardona@udea.edu.coBackground: Research conducted on the prevalence of HIV/AIDS and its associated factors among key groups in Colombia is scarce. The few available studies show heterogeneity in their results and increasing trends of infection. This study analyses the prevalence of HIV and associated factors in key groups served at a health care institution in Colombia in 2019.Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study with the sample comprised of 5771 subjects from the general population, the LGBTI community, sex workers, people who inject drugs and prisoners. The diagnosis was based on a fourth-generation ELISA. Variables related to sociodemographics, healthcare, sexual risk factors and biological measures of infected subjects were analysed. Prevalence and odds ratios were calculated with 95% confidence intervals, and logistic regression models were performed to identify confounding variables and interactions between independent variables using SPSS 25.0.Results: The prevalence of HIV was 0.27% among the general population, 0.53% among sex workers, 0.66% among the homeless, 2.44% among transgender persons, 2.44% among prisoners, 5.36% among men who have sex with men and 7.92% among injection drug users. The explanatory model showed higher prevalence among men, those with higher education levels, those with no health coverage, those who have sex with people from key groups and those with sexually transmitted infections, with some interactions between the latter variables.Conclusion: A high prevalence of infection was found in the key groups, while the main explanatory factors for high infection rates were identified. The data show that national and global goals related to controlling HIV have not been achieved mainly in groups that are at a higher risk of obtaining and transmitting it and, paradoxically, also that are excluded from the national health coverage.Keywords: HIV/AIDS, prevalence, risk factors, Colombia, vulnerable groups
format	article
author	Cardona-Arias JA Cataño Correa JC Higuita-Gutiérrez LF
author_facet	Cardona-Arias JA Cataño Correa JC Higuita-Gutiérrez LF
author_sort	Cardona-Arias JA
title	HIV Prevalence and Associated Factors in Key Groups and General Population Treated at a Health Care Institution in Colombia in 2019: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_short	HIV Prevalence and Associated Factors in Key Groups and General Population Treated at a Health Care Institution in Colombia in 2019: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_full	HIV Prevalence and Associated Factors in Key Groups and General Population Treated at a Health Care Institution in Colombia in 2019: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_fullStr	HIV Prevalence and Associated Factors in Key Groups and General Population Treated at a Health Care Institution in Colombia in 2019: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_full_unstemmed	HIV Prevalence and Associated Factors in Key Groups and General Population Treated at a Health Care Institution in Colombia in 2019: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_sort	hiv prevalence and associated factors in key groups and general population treated at a health care institution in colombia in 2019: a cross-sectional study
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/b07a842a19f44fa789cdb4dbec2a391d
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HIV Prevalence and Associated Factors in Key Groups and General Population Treated at a Health Care Institution in Colombia in 2019: A Cross-Sectional Study

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