Low serum vitamin D concentrations in Spring-born dairy calves are associated with elevated peripheral leukocytes

Abstract A role for vitamin D in the immune system is emerging from human research but data in the bovine is limited. In the current study, 48 Holstein–Friesian calves were randomly assigned to one of 4 groups designed to expose calves to divergent vitamin D levels for a 7 month period and to determ...

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Autores principales:	Susana Flores-Villalva, Megan B. O’Brien, Cian Reid, Seán Lacey, Stephen V. Gordon, Corwin Nelson, Kieran G. Meade
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b0d7b3244eaf41d9a99730b78b9eddfd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b0d7b3244eaf41d9a99730b78b9eddfd2021-12-02T18:14:08ZLow serum vitamin D concentrations in Spring-born dairy calves are associated with elevated peripheral leukocytes10.1038/s41598-021-98343-82045-2322https://doaj.org/article/b0d7b3244eaf41d9a99730b78b9eddfd2021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98343-8https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract A role for vitamin D in the immune system is emerging from human research but data in the bovine is limited. In the current study, 48 Holstein–Friesian calves were randomly assigned to one of 4 groups designed to expose calves to divergent vitamin D levels for a 7 month period and to determine its effects on circulating immunity in young calves. Concentrations of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) was measured in serum using a commercial ELISA with validated bovine standards. Results showed that mean circulating concentrations of 25OHD at birth was 7.64 ± 3.21 ng/ml indicating vitamin D deficiency. Neither the injection of Vit D3 at birth nor the elevated levels in milk replacer yield discernible changes to pre-weaning circulating concentration of 25OHD. No calf reached the recommended level of vitamin D immune sufficiencyof 30 ng/ml of 25OHD until at least 3 months of age (T4). Increasing dietary Vit D3 via ration in the post-weaning period significantly elevated 25OHD concentrations in serum in VitD-In calves. Maximal levels of circulating 25OHD were achieved in VitD-Out calves, reaching 60.86 ± 7.32 ng/ml at 5 months of age (T7). Greatest divergence in haematology profile was observed between Ctl-In vs VitD-In groups with Ctl-In calves showing an elevated count of neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils associated with reduced 25OHD concentrations. Neither IL-8 expression nor ROS production in serum were significantly different between calves with high and low 25OHD, indicating that other vitamin D-dependent mechanisms may contribute to the divergent circulating cellular profiles observed. This novel data on the vitamin D status of neonatal calves identifies a significant window of vitamin D insufficiency which is associated with significant differences in circulating immune cell profiles. Vitamin D insufficiency may therefore exacerbate pre-weaning disease susceptibility, and further work in now warranted.Susana Flores-VillalvaMegan B. O’BrienCian ReidSeán LaceyStephen V. GordonCorwin NelsonKieran G. MeadeNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Susana Flores-Villalva Megan B. O’Brien Cian Reid Seán Lacey Stephen V. Gordon Corwin Nelson Kieran G. Meade Low serum vitamin D concentrations in Spring-born dairy calves are associated with elevated peripheral leukocytes
description	Abstract A role for vitamin D in the immune system is emerging from human research but data in the bovine is limited. In the current study, 48 Holstein–Friesian calves were randomly assigned to one of 4 groups designed to expose calves to divergent vitamin D levels for a 7 month period and to determine its effects on circulating immunity in young calves. Concentrations of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) was measured in serum using a commercial ELISA with validated bovine standards. Results showed that mean circulating concentrations of 25OHD at birth was 7.64 ± 3.21 ng/ml indicating vitamin D deficiency. Neither the injection of Vit D3 at birth nor the elevated levels in milk replacer yield discernible changes to pre-weaning circulating concentration of 25OHD. No calf reached the recommended level of vitamin D immune sufficiencyof 30 ng/ml of 25OHD until at least 3 months of age (T4). Increasing dietary Vit D3 via ration in the post-weaning period significantly elevated 25OHD concentrations in serum in VitD-In calves. Maximal levels of circulating 25OHD were achieved in VitD-Out calves, reaching 60.86 ± 7.32 ng/ml at 5 months of age (T7). Greatest divergence in haematology profile was observed between Ctl-In vs VitD-In groups with Ctl-In calves showing an elevated count of neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils associated with reduced 25OHD concentrations. Neither IL-8 expression nor ROS production in serum were significantly different between calves with high and low 25OHD, indicating that other vitamin D-dependent mechanisms may contribute to the divergent circulating cellular profiles observed. This novel data on the vitamin D status of neonatal calves identifies a significant window of vitamin D insufficiency which is associated with significant differences in circulating immune cell profiles. Vitamin D insufficiency may therefore exacerbate pre-weaning disease susceptibility, and further work in now warranted.
format	article
author	Susana Flores-Villalva Megan B. O’Brien Cian Reid Seán Lacey Stephen V. Gordon Corwin Nelson Kieran G. Meade
author_facet	Susana Flores-Villalva Megan B. O’Brien Cian Reid Seán Lacey Stephen V. Gordon Corwin Nelson Kieran G. Meade
author_sort	Susana Flores-Villalva
title	Low serum vitamin D concentrations in Spring-born dairy calves are associated with elevated peripheral leukocytes
title_short	Low serum vitamin D concentrations in Spring-born dairy calves are associated with elevated peripheral leukocytes
title_full	Low serum vitamin D concentrations in Spring-born dairy calves are associated with elevated peripheral leukocytes
title_fullStr	Low serum vitamin D concentrations in Spring-born dairy calves are associated with elevated peripheral leukocytes
title_full_unstemmed	Low serum vitamin D concentrations in Spring-born dairy calves are associated with elevated peripheral leukocytes
title_sort	low serum vitamin d concentrations in spring-born dairy calves are associated with elevated peripheral leukocytes
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b0d7b3244eaf41d9a99730b78b9eddfd
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Low serum vitamin D concentrations in Spring-born dairy calves are associated with elevated peripheral leukocytes

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