Epigenomics and immunotherapeutic advances in pediatric brain tumors

Abstract Brain tumors are the leading cause of childhood cancer-related deaths. Similar to adult brain tumors, pediatric brain tumors are classified based on histopathological evaluations. However, pediatric brain tumors are often histologically inconsistent with adult brain tumors. Recent research...

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Autores principales:	Malak Abedalthagafi, Nahla Mobark, May Al-Rashed, Musa AlHarbi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b0ded3fd249f44f186613b5be1f73850
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b0ded3fd249f44f186613b5be1f738502021-12-02T16:56:08ZEpigenomics and immunotherapeutic advances in pediatric brain tumors10.1038/s41698-021-00173-42397-768Xhttps://doaj.org/article/b0ded3fd249f44f186613b5be1f738502021-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41698-021-00173-4https://doaj.org/toc/2397-768XAbstract Brain tumors are the leading cause of childhood cancer-related deaths. Similar to adult brain tumors, pediatric brain tumors are classified based on histopathological evaluations. However, pediatric brain tumors are often histologically inconsistent with adult brain tumors. Recent research findings from molecular genetic analyses have revealed molecular and genetic changes in pediatric tumors that are necessary for appropriate classification to avoid misdiagnosis, the development of treatment modalities, and the clinical management of tumors. As many of the molecular-based therapies developed from clinical trials on adults are not always effective against pediatric brain tumors, recent advances have improved our understanding of the molecular profiles of pediatric brain tumors and have led to novel epigenetic and immunotherapeutic treatment approaches currently being evaluated in clinical trials. In this review, we focus on primary malignant brain tumors in children and genetic, epigenetic, and molecular characteristics that differentiate them from brain tumors in adults. The comparison of pediatric and adult brain tumors highlights the need for treatments designed specifically for pediatric brain tumors. We also discuss the advancements in novel molecularly targeted drugs and how they are being integrated with standard therapy to improve the classification and outcomes of pediatric brain tumors in the future.Malak AbedalthagafiNahla MobarkMay Al-RashedMusa AlHarbiNature PortfolioarticleNeoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensRC254-282ENnpj Precision Oncology, Vol 5, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
spellingShingle	Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282 Malak Abedalthagafi Nahla Mobark May Al-Rashed Musa AlHarbi Epigenomics and immunotherapeutic advances in pediatric brain tumors
description	Abstract Brain tumors are the leading cause of childhood cancer-related deaths. Similar to adult brain tumors, pediatric brain tumors are classified based on histopathological evaluations. However, pediatric brain tumors are often histologically inconsistent with adult brain tumors. Recent research findings from molecular genetic analyses have revealed molecular and genetic changes in pediatric tumors that are necessary for appropriate classification to avoid misdiagnosis, the development of treatment modalities, and the clinical management of tumors. As many of the molecular-based therapies developed from clinical trials on adults are not always effective against pediatric brain tumors, recent advances have improved our understanding of the molecular profiles of pediatric brain tumors and have led to novel epigenetic and immunotherapeutic treatment approaches currently being evaluated in clinical trials. In this review, we focus on primary malignant brain tumors in children and genetic, epigenetic, and molecular characteristics that differentiate them from brain tumors in adults. The comparison of pediatric and adult brain tumors highlights the need for treatments designed specifically for pediatric brain tumors. We also discuss the advancements in novel molecularly targeted drugs and how they are being integrated with standard therapy to improve the classification and outcomes of pediatric brain tumors in the future.
format	article
author	Malak Abedalthagafi Nahla Mobark May Al-Rashed Musa AlHarbi
author_facet	Malak Abedalthagafi Nahla Mobark May Al-Rashed Musa AlHarbi
author_sort	Malak Abedalthagafi
title	Epigenomics and immunotherapeutic advances in pediatric brain tumors
title_short	Epigenomics and immunotherapeutic advances in pediatric brain tumors
title_full	Epigenomics and immunotherapeutic advances in pediatric brain tumors
title_fullStr	Epigenomics and immunotherapeutic advances in pediatric brain tumors
title_full_unstemmed	Epigenomics and immunotherapeutic advances in pediatric brain tumors
title_sort	epigenomics and immunotherapeutic advances in pediatric brain tumors
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b0ded3fd249f44f186613b5be1f73850
work_keys_str_mv	AT malakabedalthagafi epigenomicsandimmunotherapeuticadvancesinpediatricbraintumors AT nahlamobark epigenomicsandimmunotherapeuticadvancesinpediatricbraintumors AT mayalrashed epigenomicsandimmunotherapeuticadvancesinpediatricbraintumors AT musaalharbi epigenomicsandimmunotherapeuticadvancesinpediatricbraintumors
_version_	1718382820068425728

Epigenomics and immunotherapeutic advances in pediatric brain tumors

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