Assessment of optogenetically-driven strategies for prosthetic restoration of cortical vision in large-scale neural simulation of V1

Abstract The neural encoding of visual features in primary visual cortex (V1) is well understood, with strong correlates to low-level perception, making V1 a strong candidate for vision restoration through neuroprosthetics. However, the functional relevance of neural dynamics evoked through external...

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Autores principales:	Jan Antolik, Quentin Sabatier, Charlie Galle, Yves Frégnac, Ryad Benosman
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b0ee9dc675bf4f51bcceba2e15fa69aa
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b0ee9dc675bf4f51bcceba2e15fa69aa2021-12-02T14:49:18ZAssessment of optogenetically-driven strategies for prosthetic restoration of cortical vision in large-scale neural simulation of V110.1038/s41598-021-88960-82045-2322https://doaj.org/article/b0ee9dc675bf4f51bcceba2e15fa69aa2021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-88960-8https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The neural encoding of visual features in primary visual cortex (V1) is well understood, with strong correlates to low-level perception, making V1 a strong candidate for vision restoration through neuroprosthetics. However, the functional relevance of neural dynamics evoked through external stimulation directly imposed at the cortical level is poorly understood. Furthermore, protocols for designing cortical stimulation patterns that would induce a naturalistic perception of the encoded stimuli have not yet been established. Here, we demonstrate a proof of concept by solving these issues through a computational model, combining (1) a large-scale spiking neural network model of cat V1 and (2) a virtual prosthetic system transcoding the visual input into tailored light-stimulation patterns which drive in situ the optogenetically modified cortical tissue. Using such virtual experiments, we design a protocol for translating simple Fourier contrasted stimuli (gratings) into activation patterns of the optogenetic matrix stimulator. We then quantify the relationship between spatial configuration of the imposed light pattern and the induced cortical activity. Our simulations in the absence of visual drive (simulated blindness) show that optogenetic stimulation with a spatial resolution as low as 100 $$\upmu$$ μ m, and light intensity as weak as $$10^{16}$$ 10 16 photons/s/cm $$^2$$ 2 is sufficient to evoke activity patterns in V1 close to those evoked by normal vision.Jan AntolikQuentin SabatierCharlie GalleYves FrégnacRyad BenosmanNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-18 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jan Antolik Quentin Sabatier Charlie Galle Yves Frégnac Ryad Benosman Assessment of optogenetically-driven strategies for prosthetic restoration of cortical vision in large-scale neural simulation of V1
description	Abstract The neural encoding of visual features in primary visual cortex (V1) is well understood, with strong correlates to low-level perception, making V1 a strong candidate for vision restoration through neuroprosthetics. However, the functional relevance of neural dynamics evoked through external stimulation directly imposed at the cortical level is poorly understood. Furthermore, protocols for designing cortical stimulation patterns that would induce a naturalistic perception of the encoded stimuli have not yet been established. Here, we demonstrate a proof of concept by solving these issues through a computational model, combining (1) a large-scale spiking neural network model of cat V1 and (2) a virtual prosthetic system transcoding the visual input into tailored light-stimulation patterns which drive in situ the optogenetically modified cortical tissue. Using such virtual experiments, we design a protocol for translating simple Fourier contrasted stimuli (gratings) into activation patterns of the optogenetic matrix stimulator. We then quantify the relationship between spatial configuration of the imposed light pattern and the induced cortical activity. Our simulations in the absence of visual drive (simulated blindness) show that optogenetic stimulation with a spatial resolution as low as 100 $$\upmu$$ μ m, and light intensity as weak as $$10^{16}$$ 10 16 photons/s/cm $$^2$$ 2 is sufficient to evoke activity patterns in V1 close to those evoked by normal vision.
format	article
author	Jan Antolik Quentin Sabatier Charlie Galle Yves Frégnac Ryad Benosman
author_facet	Jan Antolik Quentin Sabatier Charlie Galle Yves Frégnac Ryad Benosman
author_sort	Jan Antolik
title	Assessment of optogenetically-driven strategies for prosthetic restoration of cortical vision in large-scale neural simulation of V1
title_short	Assessment of optogenetically-driven strategies for prosthetic restoration of cortical vision in large-scale neural simulation of V1
title_full	Assessment of optogenetically-driven strategies for prosthetic restoration of cortical vision in large-scale neural simulation of V1
title_fullStr	Assessment of optogenetically-driven strategies for prosthetic restoration of cortical vision in large-scale neural simulation of V1
title_full_unstemmed	Assessment of optogenetically-driven strategies for prosthetic restoration of cortical vision in large-scale neural simulation of V1
title_sort	assessment of optogenetically-driven strategies for prosthetic restoration of cortical vision in large-scale neural simulation of v1
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b0ee9dc675bf4f51bcceba2e15fa69aa
work_keys_str_mv	AT janantolik assessmentofoptogeneticallydrivenstrategiesforprostheticrestorationofcorticalvisioninlargescaleneuralsimulationofv1 AT quentinsabatier assessmentofoptogeneticallydrivenstrategiesforprostheticrestorationofcorticalvisioninlargescaleneuralsimulationofv1 AT charliegalle assessmentofoptogeneticallydrivenstrategiesforprostheticrestorationofcorticalvisioninlargescaleneuralsimulationofv1 AT yvesfregnac assessmentofoptogeneticallydrivenstrategiesforprostheticrestorationofcorticalvisioninlargescaleneuralsimulationofv1 AT ryadbenosman assessmentofoptogeneticallydrivenstrategiesforprostheticrestorationofcorticalvisioninlargescaleneuralsimulationofv1
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Assessment of optogenetically-driven strategies for prosthetic restoration of cortical vision in large-scale neural simulation of V1

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