Large‐ and small‐scale geographic structures affecting genetic patterns across populations of an Alpine butterfly

Abstract Understanding factors influencing patterns of genetic diversity and the population genetic structure of species is of particular importance in the current era of global climate change and habitat loss. These factors include the evolutionary history of a species as well as heterogeneity in t...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Daronja Trense, Ary A. Hoffmann, Klaus Fischer
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Wiley 2021
Materias:	barrier to dispersal evolutionary significant unit genetic differentiation genetic diversity glacial refuges SNP outlier loci Ecology QH540-549.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b0f8a3e65622402a913a44baebfeb49d
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:b0f8a3e65622402a913a44baebfeb49d
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b0f8a3e65622402a913a44baebfeb49d2021-11-08T17:10:40ZLarge‐ and small‐scale geographic structures affecting genetic patterns across populations of an Alpine butterfly2045-775810.1002/ece3.8157https://doaj.org/article/b0f8a3e65622402a913a44baebfeb49d2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8157https://doaj.org/toc/2045-7758Abstract Understanding factors influencing patterns of genetic diversity and the population genetic structure of species is of particular importance in the current era of global climate change and habitat loss. These factors include the evolutionary history of a species as well as heterogeneity in the environment it occupies, which in turn can change across time. Most studies investigating spatio‐temporal genetic patterns have focused on patterns across wide geographic areas rather than local variation, but the latter can nevertheless be important particularly in topographically complex areas. Here, we consider these issues in the Sooty Copper butterfly (Lycaena tityrus) from the European Alps, using genome‐wide SNPs identified through RADseq. We found strong genetic differentiation within the Alps with four genetic clusters, indicating western, central, and eastern refuges, and a strong reduction of genetic diversity from west to east. This reduction in diversity may suggest that the southwestern refuge was the largest one in comparison to other refuges. Also, the high genetic diversity in the west may result from (a) admixture of different western refuges, (b) more recent demographic changes, or (c) introgression of lowland L. tityrus populations. At small spatial scales, populations were structured by several landscape features and especially by high mountain ridges and large river valleys. We detected 36 outlier loci likely under altitudinal selection, including several loci related to membranes and cellular processes. We suggest that efforts to preserve alpine L. tityrus should focus on the genetically diverse populations in the western Alps, and that the dolomite populations should be treated as genetically distinct management units, since they appear to be currently more threatened than others. This study demonstrates the usefulness of SNP‐based approaches for understanding patterns of genetic diversity, gene flow, and selection in a region that is expected to be particularly vulnerable to climate change.Daronja TrenseAry A. HoffmannKlaus FischerWileyarticlebarrier to dispersalevolutionary significant unitgenetic differentiationgenetic diversityglacial refugesSNP outlier lociEcologyQH540-549.5ENEcology and Evolution, Vol 11, Iss 21, Pp 14697-14714 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	barrier to dispersal evolutionary significant unit genetic differentiation genetic diversity glacial refuges SNP outlier loci Ecology QH540-549.5
spellingShingle	barrier to dispersal evolutionary significant unit genetic differentiation genetic diversity glacial refuges SNP outlier loci Ecology QH540-549.5 Daronja Trense Ary A. Hoffmann Klaus Fischer Large‐ and small‐scale geographic structures affecting genetic patterns across populations of an Alpine butterfly
description	Abstract Understanding factors influencing patterns of genetic diversity and the population genetic structure of species is of particular importance in the current era of global climate change and habitat loss. These factors include the evolutionary history of a species as well as heterogeneity in the environment it occupies, which in turn can change across time. Most studies investigating spatio‐temporal genetic patterns have focused on patterns across wide geographic areas rather than local variation, but the latter can nevertheless be important particularly in topographically complex areas. Here, we consider these issues in the Sooty Copper butterfly (Lycaena tityrus) from the European Alps, using genome‐wide SNPs identified through RADseq. We found strong genetic differentiation within the Alps with four genetic clusters, indicating western, central, and eastern refuges, and a strong reduction of genetic diversity from west to east. This reduction in diversity may suggest that the southwestern refuge was the largest one in comparison to other refuges. Also, the high genetic diversity in the west may result from (a) admixture of different western refuges, (b) more recent demographic changes, or (c) introgression of lowland L. tityrus populations. At small spatial scales, populations were structured by several landscape features and especially by high mountain ridges and large river valleys. We detected 36 outlier loci likely under altitudinal selection, including several loci related to membranes and cellular processes. We suggest that efforts to preserve alpine L. tityrus should focus on the genetically diverse populations in the western Alps, and that the dolomite populations should be treated as genetically distinct management units, since they appear to be currently more threatened than others. This study demonstrates the usefulness of SNP‐based approaches for understanding patterns of genetic diversity, gene flow, and selection in a region that is expected to be particularly vulnerable to climate change.
format	article
author	Daronja Trense Ary A. Hoffmann Klaus Fischer
author_facet	Daronja Trense Ary A. Hoffmann Klaus Fischer
author_sort	Daronja Trense
title	Large‐ and small‐scale geographic structures affecting genetic patterns across populations of an Alpine butterfly
title_short	Large‐ and small‐scale geographic structures affecting genetic patterns across populations of an Alpine butterfly
title_full	Large‐ and small‐scale geographic structures affecting genetic patterns across populations of an Alpine butterfly
title_fullStr	Large‐ and small‐scale geographic structures affecting genetic patterns across populations of an Alpine butterfly
title_full_unstemmed	Large‐ and small‐scale geographic structures affecting genetic patterns across populations of an Alpine butterfly
title_sort	large‐ and small‐scale geographic structures affecting genetic patterns across populations of an alpine butterfly
publisher	Wiley
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b0f8a3e65622402a913a44baebfeb49d
work_keys_str_mv	AT daronjatrense largeandsmallscalegeographicstructuresaffectinggeneticpatternsacrosspopulationsofanalpinebutterfly AT aryahoffmann largeandsmallscalegeographicstructuresaffectinggeneticpatternsacrosspopulationsofanalpinebutterfly AT klausfischer largeandsmallscalegeographicstructuresaffectinggeneticpatternsacrosspopulationsofanalpinebutterfly
_version_	1718441505202372608

Large‐ and small‐scale geographic structures affecting genetic patterns across populations of an Alpine butterfly

Ejemplares similares