Immune response to hepatitis B vaccine following complete immunization of children attending two regional hospitals in the Southwest region of Cameroon: a cross sectional study

Abstract Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection despite being a vaccine preventable disease remains a global public health problem. In Cameroon, the hepatitis B vaccine was introduced in the expanded program on immunisation in 2005, but there has been limited evaluation of the HBV surface anti...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Ephesians N. Anutebeh, Lambed Tatah, Vitalis F. Feteh, Desmond Aroke, Jules C. N. Assob, Simeon Pierre Choukem
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Hepatitis B vaccine Immune Response Infants EPI Cameroon Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b15e15dc6fba411aa04403184fb1b7af
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:b15e15dc6fba411aa04403184fb1b7af
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b15e15dc6fba411aa04403184fb1b7af2021-12-05T12:26:15ZImmune response to hepatitis B vaccine following complete immunization of children attending two regional hospitals in the Southwest region of Cameroon: a cross sectional study10.1186/s12879-021-06913-y1471-2334https://doaj.org/article/b15e15dc6fba411aa04403184fb1b7af2021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-06913-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/1471-2334Abstract Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection despite being a vaccine preventable disease remains a global public health problem. In Cameroon, the hepatitis B vaccine was introduced in the expanded program on immunisation in 2005, but there has been limited evaluation of the HBV surface antibody response post vaccination. Objective We investigated the immune response to hepatitis B vaccine in infants who received the DPT-Hep B-Hib vaccine, and we assessed HBsAg carriage in non-responders. We also investigated factors associated with non-response or poor response. Methods Using a hospital based cross sectional design and a structured questionnaire over a four-month period (January to April 2019), we collected data to determine factors associated with hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) response from infants aged 6 to 9 months attending infant welfare clinics (IWC) at the Buea and Limbe regional hospitals. We collected venous blood and measured anti-HBs titres using a quantitative Foresight® ELISA. We entered and analysed data using EpiData version 3.1 and SPSS version 25 respectively. Results Of the 161 infants enrolled, 159 (98.8%) developed anti-HBs antibodies. Of these 159, 157 (97.5%) and 117 (72.7%) developed ≥ 10.0 mIU/ml (seroprotection) and ≥ 100.0 mIU/ml anti-HBs titres respectively. Being younger (6 months old) was associated with seroprotection (Cramer V = 0.322, p = 0.001). Spearman rho’s relational analysis showed that immunity against HBV reduced as the duration since the last dose increased (r = −0.172; P = 0.029). However, a Firth logistic regression showed no significant association of factors with inadequate immunity. All 12 (7.5%) infants exposed to HBV at birth, received the hepatitis B vaccine at birth, including four who received HBIG, and all were protected. Four infants (2.5%) had anti-HBs titres < 10.0 mIU/mL (non-responders) but had no peculiarity. Conclusion The seroprotective rate following hepatitis B vaccination of infants is high even in exposed infants. Our study suggests that Cameroon’s HBV vaccine in the Expanded Program on Immunisation (EPI) is effective against HBV, although we could not account for the 2.5% non-response rate. Large scale studies are needed to further explore non-response to the vaccine.Ephesians N. AnutebehLambed TatahVitalis F. FetehDesmond ArokeJules C. N. AssobSimeon Pierre ChoukemBMCarticleHepatitis B vaccineImmune ResponseInfantsEPICameroonInfectious and parasitic diseasesRC109-216ENBMC Infectious Diseases, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Hepatitis B vaccine Immune Response Infants EPI Cameroon Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
spellingShingle	Hepatitis B vaccine Immune Response Infants EPI Cameroon Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Ephesians N. Anutebeh Lambed Tatah Vitalis F. Feteh Desmond Aroke Jules C. N. Assob Simeon Pierre Choukem Immune response to hepatitis B vaccine following complete immunization of children attending two regional hospitals in the Southwest region of Cameroon: a cross sectional study
description	Abstract Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection despite being a vaccine preventable disease remains a global public health problem. In Cameroon, the hepatitis B vaccine was introduced in the expanded program on immunisation in 2005, but there has been limited evaluation of the HBV surface antibody response post vaccination. Objective We investigated the immune response to hepatitis B vaccine in infants who received the DPT-Hep B-Hib vaccine, and we assessed HBsAg carriage in non-responders. We also investigated factors associated with non-response or poor response. Methods Using a hospital based cross sectional design and a structured questionnaire over a four-month period (January to April 2019), we collected data to determine factors associated with hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) response from infants aged 6 to 9 months attending infant welfare clinics (IWC) at the Buea and Limbe regional hospitals. We collected venous blood and measured anti-HBs titres using a quantitative Foresight® ELISA. We entered and analysed data using EpiData version 3.1 and SPSS version 25 respectively. Results Of the 161 infants enrolled, 159 (98.8%) developed anti-HBs antibodies. Of these 159, 157 (97.5%) and 117 (72.7%) developed ≥ 10.0 mIU/ml (seroprotection) and ≥ 100.0 mIU/ml anti-HBs titres respectively. Being younger (6 months old) was associated with seroprotection (Cramer V = 0.322, p = 0.001). Spearman rho’s relational analysis showed that immunity against HBV reduced as the duration since the last dose increased (r = −0.172; P = 0.029). However, a Firth logistic regression showed no significant association of factors with inadequate immunity. All 12 (7.5%) infants exposed to HBV at birth, received the hepatitis B vaccine at birth, including four who received HBIG, and all were protected. Four infants (2.5%) had anti-HBs titres < 10.0 mIU/mL (non-responders) but had no peculiarity. Conclusion The seroprotective rate following hepatitis B vaccination of infants is high even in exposed infants. Our study suggests that Cameroon’s HBV vaccine in the Expanded Program on Immunisation (EPI) is effective against HBV, although we could not account for the 2.5% non-response rate. Large scale studies are needed to further explore non-response to the vaccine.
format	article
author	Ephesians N. Anutebeh Lambed Tatah Vitalis F. Feteh Desmond Aroke Jules C. N. Assob Simeon Pierre Choukem
author_facet	Ephesians N. Anutebeh Lambed Tatah Vitalis F. Feteh Desmond Aroke Jules C. N. Assob Simeon Pierre Choukem
author_sort	Ephesians N. Anutebeh
title	Immune response to hepatitis B vaccine following complete immunization of children attending two regional hospitals in the Southwest region of Cameroon: a cross sectional study
title_short	Immune response to hepatitis B vaccine following complete immunization of children attending two regional hospitals in the Southwest region of Cameroon: a cross sectional study
title_full	Immune response to hepatitis B vaccine following complete immunization of children attending two regional hospitals in the Southwest region of Cameroon: a cross sectional study
title_fullStr	Immune response to hepatitis B vaccine following complete immunization of children attending two regional hospitals in the Southwest region of Cameroon: a cross sectional study
title_full_unstemmed	Immune response to hepatitis B vaccine following complete immunization of children attending two regional hospitals in the Southwest region of Cameroon: a cross sectional study
title_sort	immune response to hepatitis b vaccine following complete immunization of children attending two regional hospitals in the southwest region of cameroon: a cross sectional study
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b15e15dc6fba411aa04403184fb1b7af
work_keys_str_mv	AT ephesiansnanutebeh immuneresponsetohepatitisbvaccinefollowingcompleteimmunizationofchildrenattendingtworegionalhospitalsinthesouthwestregionofcameroonacrosssectionalstudy AT lambedtatah immuneresponsetohepatitisbvaccinefollowingcompleteimmunizationofchildrenattendingtworegionalhospitalsinthesouthwestregionofcameroonacrosssectionalstudy AT vitalisffeteh immuneresponsetohepatitisbvaccinefollowingcompleteimmunizationofchildrenattendingtworegionalhospitalsinthesouthwestregionofcameroonacrosssectionalstudy AT desmondaroke immuneresponsetohepatitisbvaccinefollowingcompleteimmunizationofchildrenattendingtworegionalhospitalsinthesouthwestregionofcameroonacrosssectionalstudy AT julescnassob immuneresponsetohepatitisbvaccinefollowingcompleteimmunizationofchildrenattendingtworegionalhospitalsinthesouthwestregionofcameroonacrosssectionalstudy AT simeonpierrechoukem immuneresponsetohepatitisbvaccinefollowingcompleteimmunizationofchildrenattendingtworegionalhospitalsinthesouthwestregionofcameroonacrosssectionalstudy
_version_	1718371921037361152

Immune response to hepatitis B vaccine following complete immunization of children attending two regional hospitals in the Southwest region of Cameroon: a cross sectional study

Ejemplares similares