Amino group in Leptothrix sheath skeleton is responsible for direct deposition of Fe(III) minerals onto the sheaths

Abstract Leptothrix species produce microtubular organic–inorganic materials that encase the bacterial cells. The skeleton of an immature sheath, consisting of organic exopolymer fibrils of bacterial origin, is formed first, then the sheath becomes encrusted with inorganic material. Functional carbo...

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Autores principales:	Tatsuki Kunoh, Syuji Matsumoto, Noriyuki Nagaoka, Shoko Kanashima, Katsuhiko Hino, Tetsuya Uchida, Katsunori Tamura, Hitoshi Kunoh, Jun Takada
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b1692ae4352246f09ebe774aa38496cc
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b1692ae4352246f09ebe774aa38496cc2021-12-02T15:06:21ZAmino group in Leptothrix sheath skeleton is responsible for direct deposition of Fe(III) minerals onto the sheaths10.1038/s41598-017-06644-82045-2322https://doaj.org/article/b1692ae4352246f09ebe774aa38496cc2017-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-06644-8https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Leptothrix species produce microtubular organic–inorganic materials that encase the bacterial cells. The skeleton of an immature sheath, consisting of organic exopolymer fibrils of bacterial origin, is formed first, then the sheath becomes encrusted with inorganic material. Functional carboxyl groups of polysaccharides in these fibrils are considered to attract and bind metal cations, including Fe(III) and Fe(III)-mineral phases onto the fibrils, but the detailed mechanism remains elusive. Here we show that NH2 of the amino-sugar-enriched exopolymer fibrils is involved in interactions with abiotically generated Fe(III) minerals. NH2-specific staining of L. cholodnii OUMS1 detected a terminal NH2 on its sheath skeleton. Masking NH2 with specific reagents abrogated deposition of Fe(III) minerals onto fibrils. Fe(III) minerals were adsorbed on chitosan and NH2-coated polystyrene beads but not on cellulose and beads coated with an acetamide group. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy at the N1s edge revealed that the terminal NH2 of OUMS1 sheaths, chitosan and NH2-coated beads binds to Fe(III)-mineral phases, indicating interaction between the Fe(III) minerals and terminal NH2. Thus, the terminal NH2 in the exopolymer fibrils seems critical for Fe encrustation of Leptothrix sheaths. These insights should inform artificial synthesis of highly reactive NH2-rich polymers for use as absorbents, catalysts and so on.Tatsuki KunohSyuji MatsumotoNoriyuki NagaokaShoko KanashimaKatsuhiko HinoTetsuya UchidaKatsunori TamuraHitoshi KunohJun TakadaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Tatsuki Kunoh Syuji Matsumoto Noriyuki Nagaoka Shoko Kanashima Katsuhiko Hino Tetsuya Uchida Katsunori Tamura Hitoshi Kunoh Jun Takada Amino group in Leptothrix sheath skeleton is responsible for direct deposition of Fe(III) minerals onto the sheaths
description	Abstract Leptothrix species produce microtubular organic–inorganic materials that encase the bacterial cells. The skeleton of an immature sheath, consisting of organic exopolymer fibrils of bacterial origin, is formed first, then the sheath becomes encrusted with inorganic material. Functional carboxyl groups of polysaccharides in these fibrils are considered to attract and bind metal cations, including Fe(III) and Fe(III)-mineral phases onto the fibrils, but the detailed mechanism remains elusive. Here we show that NH2 of the amino-sugar-enriched exopolymer fibrils is involved in interactions with abiotically generated Fe(III) minerals. NH2-specific staining of L. cholodnii OUMS1 detected a terminal NH2 on its sheath skeleton. Masking NH2 with specific reagents abrogated deposition of Fe(III) minerals onto fibrils. Fe(III) minerals were adsorbed on chitosan and NH2-coated polystyrene beads but not on cellulose and beads coated with an acetamide group. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy at the N1s edge revealed that the terminal NH2 of OUMS1 sheaths, chitosan and NH2-coated beads binds to Fe(III)-mineral phases, indicating interaction between the Fe(III) minerals and terminal NH2. Thus, the terminal NH2 in the exopolymer fibrils seems critical for Fe encrustation of Leptothrix sheaths. These insights should inform artificial synthesis of highly reactive NH2-rich polymers for use as absorbents, catalysts and so on.
format	article
author	Tatsuki Kunoh Syuji Matsumoto Noriyuki Nagaoka Shoko Kanashima Katsuhiko Hino Tetsuya Uchida Katsunori Tamura Hitoshi Kunoh Jun Takada
author_facet	Tatsuki Kunoh Syuji Matsumoto Noriyuki Nagaoka Shoko Kanashima Katsuhiko Hino Tetsuya Uchida Katsunori Tamura Hitoshi Kunoh Jun Takada
author_sort	Tatsuki Kunoh
title	Amino group in Leptothrix sheath skeleton is responsible for direct deposition of Fe(III) minerals onto the sheaths
title_short	Amino group in Leptothrix sheath skeleton is responsible for direct deposition of Fe(III) minerals onto the sheaths
title_full	Amino group in Leptothrix sheath skeleton is responsible for direct deposition of Fe(III) minerals onto the sheaths
title_fullStr	Amino group in Leptothrix sheath skeleton is responsible for direct deposition of Fe(III) minerals onto the sheaths
title_full_unstemmed	Amino group in Leptothrix sheath skeleton is responsible for direct deposition of Fe(III) minerals onto the sheaths
title_sort	amino group in leptothrix sheath skeleton is responsible for direct deposition of fe(iii) minerals onto the sheaths
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/b1692ae4352246f09ebe774aa38496cc
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Amino group in Leptothrix sheath skeleton is responsible for direct deposition of Fe(III) minerals onto the sheaths

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