Meta-Analysis Enables Prediction of the Maximum Permissible Arsenic Concentration in Asian Paddy Soil

It is now well-established that not just drinking water, but irrigation water contaminated with arsenic (As) is an important source of human As exposure through water-soil-rice transfer. While drinking water As has a permissible, or guideline value, quantification of guideline values for soil and ir...

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Autores principales:	Jajati Mandal, Sudip Sengupta, Soumyajit Sarkar, Abhijit Mukherjee, Michael D. Wood, Simon M. Hutchinson, Debapriya Mondal
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	arsenic rice paddy soil irrigation water meta-analysis decision tree Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b1766fc4c387482aadd064ba1bed983a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b1766fc4c387482aadd064ba1bed983a2021-12-03T13:00:55ZMeta-Analysis Enables Prediction of the Maximum Permissible Arsenic Concentration in Asian Paddy Soil2296-665X10.3389/fenvs.2021.760125https://doaj.org/article/b1766fc4c387482aadd064ba1bed983a2021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2021.760125/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-665XIt is now well-established that not just drinking water, but irrigation water contaminated with arsenic (As) is an important source of human As exposure through water-soil-rice transfer. While drinking water As has a permissible, or guideline value, quantification of guideline values for soil and irrigation water is limited. Using published data from 26 field studies (not pot-based experiments) from Asia, each of which reported irrigation water, soil and rice grain As concentrations from the same site, this meta-analysis quantitatively evaluated the relationship between soil and irrigation water As concentrations and the As concentration in the rice grain. A generalized linear regression model revealed As in soil to be a stronger predictor of As in rice than As in irrigation water (beta of 16.72 and 0.6, respectively, p < 0.01). Based on the better performing decision tree model, using soil and irrigation water As as independent variables we determined that Asian paddy soil As concentrations greater than 14 mg kg−1 may result in rice grains exceeding the Codex recommended maximum allowable inorganic As (i-As) concentrations of 0.2 mg kg−1 for polished rice and 0.35 mg kg−1 for husked rice. Both logistic regression and decision tree models, identified soil As as the main determining factor and irrigation water to be a non-significant factor, preventing determination of any guideline value for irrigation water. The seemingly non-significant contribution of irrigation water in predicting grain i-As concentrations below or above the Codex recommendation may be due to the complexity in the relationship between irrigation water As and rice grains. Despite modeling limitations and heterogeneity in meta-data, our findings can inform the maximum permissible As concentrations in Asian paddy soil.Jajati MandalSudip SenguptaSoumyajit SarkarAbhijit MukherjeeAbhijit MukherjeeMichael D. WoodSimon M. HutchinsonDebapriya MondalFrontiers Media S.A.articlearsenicricepaddy soilirrigation watermeta-analysisdecision treeEnvironmental sciencesGE1-350ENFrontiers in Environmental Science, Vol 9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	arsenic rice paddy soil irrigation water meta-analysis decision tree Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	arsenic rice paddy soil irrigation water meta-analysis decision tree Environmental sciences GE1-350 Jajati Mandal Sudip Sengupta Soumyajit Sarkar Abhijit Mukherjee Abhijit Mukherjee Michael D. Wood Simon M. Hutchinson Debapriya Mondal Meta-Analysis Enables Prediction of the Maximum Permissible Arsenic Concentration in Asian Paddy Soil
description	It is now well-established that not just drinking water, but irrigation water contaminated with arsenic (As) is an important source of human As exposure through water-soil-rice transfer. While drinking water As has a permissible, or guideline value, quantification of guideline values for soil and irrigation water is limited. Using published data from 26 field studies (not pot-based experiments) from Asia, each of which reported irrigation water, soil and rice grain As concentrations from the same site, this meta-analysis quantitatively evaluated the relationship between soil and irrigation water As concentrations and the As concentration in the rice grain. A generalized linear regression model revealed As in soil to be a stronger predictor of As in rice than As in irrigation water (beta of 16.72 and 0.6, respectively, p < 0.01). Based on the better performing decision tree model, using soil and irrigation water As as independent variables we determined that Asian paddy soil As concentrations greater than 14 mg kg−1 may result in rice grains exceeding the Codex recommended maximum allowable inorganic As (i-As) concentrations of 0.2 mg kg−1 for polished rice and 0.35 mg kg−1 for husked rice. Both logistic regression and decision tree models, identified soil As as the main determining factor and irrigation water to be a non-significant factor, preventing determination of any guideline value for irrigation water. The seemingly non-significant contribution of irrigation water in predicting grain i-As concentrations below or above the Codex recommendation may be due to the complexity in the relationship between irrigation water As and rice grains. Despite modeling limitations and heterogeneity in meta-data, our findings can inform the maximum permissible As concentrations in Asian paddy soil.
format	article
author	Jajati Mandal Sudip Sengupta Soumyajit Sarkar Abhijit Mukherjee Abhijit Mukherjee Michael D. Wood Simon M. Hutchinson Debapriya Mondal
author_facet	Jajati Mandal Sudip Sengupta Soumyajit Sarkar Abhijit Mukherjee Abhijit Mukherjee Michael D. Wood Simon M. Hutchinson Debapriya Mondal
author_sort	Jajati Mandal
title	Meta-Analysis Enables Prediction of the Maximum Permissible Arsenic Concentration in Asian Paddy Soil
title_short	Meta-Analysis Enables Prediction of the Maximum Permissible Arsenic Concentration in Asian Paddy Soil
title_full	Meta-Analysis Enables Prediction of the Maximum Permissible Arsenic Concentration in Asian Paddy Soil
title_fullStr	Meta-Analysis Enables Prediction of the Maximum Permissible Arsenic Concentration in Asian Paddy Soil
title_full_unstemmed	Meta-Analysis Enables Prediction of the Maximum Permissible Arsenic Concentration in Asian Paddy Soil
title_sort	meta-analysis enables prediction of the maximum permissible arsenic concentration in asian paddy soil
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b1766fc4c387482aadd064ba1bed983a
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Meta-Analysis Enables Prediction of the Maximum Permissible Arsenic Concentration in Asian Paddy Soil

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