Estimating the Parameters of Extended Gravity Theories with the Schwarzschild Precession of S2 Star

After giving a short overview of previous results on constraining of Extended Gravity by stellar orbits, we discuss the Schwarzschild orbital precession of S2 star assuming the congruence with predictions of General Relativity (GR). At the moment, the S2 star trajectory is remarkably fitted with the...

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Autores principales:	Duško Borka, Vesna Borka Jovanović, Salvatore Capozziello, Alexander F. Zakharov, Predrag Jovanović
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	alternative theories of gravity supermassive black hole stellar dynamics Elementary particle physics QC793-793.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b179443b5be648ffb38ea5923de7d820
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b179443b5be648ffb38ea5923de7d8202021-11-25T19:09:31ZEstimating the Parameters of Extended Gravity Theories with the Schwarzschild Precession of S2 Star10.3390/universe71104072218-1997https://doaj.org/article/b179443b5be648ffb38ea5923de7d8202021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2218-1997/7/11/407https://doaj.org/toc/2218-1997After giving a short overview of previous results on constraining of Extended Gravity by stellar orbits, we discuss the Schwarzschild orbital precession of S2 star assuming the congruence with predictions of General Relativity (GR). At the moment, the S2 star trajectory is remarkably fitted with the first post-Newtonian approximation of GR. In particular, both Keck and VLT (GRAVITY) teams declared that the gravitational redshift near its pericenter passage for the S2 star orbit corresponds to theoretical estimates found with the first post-Newtonian (pN) approximation. In 2020, the GRAVITY Collaboration detected the orbital precession of the S2 star around the supermassive black hole (SMBH) at the Galactic Center and showed that it is close to the GR prediction. Based on this observational fact, we evaluated parameters of the Extended Gravity theories with the Schwarzschild precession of the S2 star. Using the mentioned method, we estimate the orbital precession angles for some Extended Gravity models including power-law <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>f</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>R</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, general Yukawa-like corrections, scalar–tensor gravity, and non-local gravity theories formulated in both metric and Palatini formalism. In this consideration, we assume that a gravitational field is spherically symmetric, therefore, alternative theories of gravity could be described only with a few parameters. Specifically, considering the orbital precession, we estimate the range of parameters of these Extended Gravity models for which the orbital precession is like in GR. Then we compare these results with our previous results, which were obtained by fitting the simulated orbits of S2 star to its observed astrometric positions. In case of power-law <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>f</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>R</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, generic Yukawa-like correction, scalar–tensor gravity and non-local gravity theories, we were able to obtain a prograde orbital precession, like in GR. According to these results, the method is a useful tool to evaluate parameters of the gravitational potential at the Galactic Center.Duško BorkaVesna Borka JovanovićSalvatore CapozzielloAlexander F. ZakharovPredrag JovanovićMDPI AGarticlealternative theories of gravitysupermassive black holestellar dynamicsElementary particle physicsQC793-793.5ENUniverse, Vol 7, Iss 407, p 407 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	alternative theories of gravity supermassive black hole stellar dynamics Elementary particle physics QC793-793.5
spellingShingle	alternative theories of gravity supermassive black hole stellar dynamics Elementary particle physics QC793-793.5 Duško Borka Vesna Borka Jovanović Salvatore Capozziello Alexander F. Zakharov Predrag Jovanović Estimating the Parameters of Extended Gravity Theories with the Schwarzschild Precession of S2 Star
description	After giving a short overview of previous results on constraining of Extended Gravity by stellar orbits, we discuss the Schwarzschild orbital precession of S2 star assuming the congruence with predictions of General Relativity (GR). At the moment, the S2 star trajectory is remarkably fitted with the first post-Newtonian approximation of GR. In particular, both Keck and VLT (GRAVITY) teams declared that the gravitational redshift near its pericenter passage for the S2 star orbit corresponds to theoretical estimates found with the first post-Newtonian (pN) approximation. In 2020, the GRAVITY Collaboration detected the orbital precession of the S2 star around the supermassive black hole (SMBH) at the Galactic Center and showed that it is close to the GR prediction. Based on this observational fact, we evaluated parameters of the Extended Gravity theories with the Schwarzschild precession of the S2 star. Using the mentioned method, we estimate the orbital precession angles for some Extended Gravity models including power-law <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>f</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>R</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, general Yukawa-like corrections, scalar–tensor gravity, and non-local gravity theories formulated in both metric and Palatini formalism. In this consideration, we assume that a gravitational field is spherically symmetric, therefore, alternative theories of gravity could be described only with a few parameters. Specifically, considering the orbital precession, we estimate the range of parameters of these Extended Gravity models for which the orbital precession is like in GR. Then we compare these results with our previous results, which were obtained by fitting the simulated orbits of S2 star to its observed astrometric positions. In case of power-law <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>f</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>R</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, generic Yukawa-like correction, scalar–tensor gravity and non-local gravity theories, we were able to obtain a prograde orbital precession, like in GR. According to these results, the method is a useful tool to evaluate parameters of the gravitational potential at the Galactic Center.
format	article
author	Duško Borka Vesna Borka Jovanović Salvatore Capozziello Alexander F. Zakharov Predrag Jovanović
author_facet	Duško Borka Vesna Borka Jovanović Salvatore Capozziello Alexander F. Zakharov Predrag Jovanović
author_sort	Duško Borka
title	Estimating the Parameters of Extended Gravity Theories with the Schwarzschild Precession of S2 Star
title_short	Estimating the Parameters of Extended Gravity Theories with the Schwarzschild Precession of S2 Star
title_full	Estimating the Parameters of Extended Gravity Theories with the Schwarzschild Precession of S2 Star
title_fullStr	Estimating the Parameters of Extended Gravity Theories with the Schwarzschild Precession of S2 Star
title_full_unstemmed	Estimating the Parameters of Extended Gravity Theories with the Schwarzschild Precession of S2 Star
title_sort	estimating the parameters of extended gravity theories with the schwarzschild precession of s2 star
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b179443b5be648ffb38ea5923de7d820
work_keys_str_mv	AT duskoborka estimatingtheparametersofextendedgravitytheorieswiththeschwarzschildprecessionofs2star AT vesnaborkajovanovic estimatingtheparametersofextendedgravitytheorieswiththeschwarzschildprecessionofs2star AT salvatorecapozziello estimatingtheparametersofextendedgravitytheorieswiththeschwarzschildprecessionofs2star AT alexanderfzakharov estimatingtheparametersofextendedgravitytheorieswiththeschwarzschildprecessionofs2star AT predragjovanovic estimatingtheparametersofextendedgravitytheorieswiththeschwarzschildprecessionofs2star
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Estimating the Parameters of Extended Gravity Theories with the Schwarzschild Precession of S2 Star

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