AMPD1 Is Associated With the Immune Response and Serves as a Prognostic Marker in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
BackgroundAlthough immunotherapy has been used in the treatment of metastatic triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), its therapeutic influence on human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive subtype remains controversial. It is therefore imperative to find biomarkers that can predict the...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:b1b49b8e9b304d6ebdae4cb24b502b3a2021-11-09T05:59:55ZAMPD1 Is Associated With the Immune Response and Serves as a Prognostic Marker in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer2234-943X10.3389/fonc.2021.749135https://doaj.org/article/b1b49b8e9b304d6ebdae4cb24b502b3a2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2021.749135/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2234-943XBackgroundAlthough immunotherapy has been used in the treatment of metastatic triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), its therapeutic influence on human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive subtype remains controversial. It is therefore imperative to find biomarkers that can predict the immune response in HER2+ BC.MethodsESTIMATE was utilized to compute the ImmuneScore and StromalScore from data obtained from TCGA database, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. In addition, univariate Cox regression was used to assess candidate genes such as AMPD1, CD33, and CCR5. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to further understand AMPD1-associated pathways. Moreover, immunohistochemical analyses were performed to further reveal the relationship among AMPD1, CD4 and CD8 genes.ResultsThe expression of AMPD1 was markedly associated with disease outcome and tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TICs). In addition, AMPD1 was associated with lymph node status, age and the expression of PD-L1 and PD-L2. High AMPD1 expression was linked to longer overall survival (OS). Upregulated expression of AMPD1 correlated with the enrichment of immune-related signaling pathways. In addition, immunohistochemical analyses demonstrated a co-expression profile among AMPD1, CD4 and CD8 genes.ConclusionsTaken together, our data demonstrated that AMPD1 might serve as a novel biomarker for predicting the immune response and disease outcome in HER2+ BC.Long WangLong WangXue ZhangMengxue WangMengxue WangYunhai LiJiali XuJiali XuJiaying WeiHongzhong LiGuosheng RenGuosheng RenXuedong YinFrontiers Media S.A.articleHER2-positive breast cancerAMPD1tumor microenvironmenttumor-infiltrating immune cellsimmunotherapyNeoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensRC254-282ENFrontiers in Oncology, Vol 11 (2021) |
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| collection |
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| language |
EN |
| topic |
HER2-positive breast cancer AMPD1 tumor microenvironment tumor-infiltrating immune cells immunotherapy Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282 |
| spellingShingle |
HER2-positive breast cancer AMPD1 tumor microenvironment tumor-infiltrating immune cells immunotherapy Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282 Long Wang Long Wang Xue Zhang Mengxue Wang Mengxue Wang Yunhai Li Jiali Xu Jiali Xu Jiaying Wei Hongzhong Li Guosheng Ren Guosheng Ren Xuedong Yin AMPD1 Is Associated With the Immune Response and Serves as a Prognostic Marker in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer |
| description |
BackgroundAlthough immunotherapy has been used in the treatment of metastatic triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), its therapeutic influence on human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive subtype remains controversial. It is therefore imperative to find biomarkers that can predict the immune response in HER2+ BC.MethodsESTIMATE was utilized to compute the ImmuneScore and StromalScore from data obtained from TCGA database, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. In addition, univariate Cox regression was used to assess candidate genes such as AMPD1, CD33, and CCR5. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to further understand AMPD1-associated pathways. Moreover, immunohistochemical analyses were performed to further reveal the relationship among AMPD1, CD4 and CD8 genes.ResultsThe expression of AMPD1 was markedly associated with disease outcome and tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TICs). In addition, AMPD1 was associated with lymph node status, age and the expression of PD-L1 and PD-L2. High AMPD1 expression was linked to longer overall survival (OS). Upregulated expression of AMPD1 correlated with the enrichment of immune-related signaling pathways. In addition, immunohistochemical analyses demonstrated a co-expression profile among AMPD1, CD4 and CD8 genes.ConclusionsTaken together, our data demonstrated that AMPD1 might serve as a novel biomarker for predicting the immune response and disease outcome in HER2+ BC. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Long Wang Long Wang Xue Zhang Mengxue Wang Mengxue Wang Yunhai Li Jiali Xu Jiali Xu Jiaying Wei Hongzhong Li Guosheng Ren Guosheng Ren Xuedong Yin |
| author_facet |
Long Wang Long Wang Xue Zhang Mengxue Wang Mengxue Wang Yunhai Li Jiali Xu Jiali Xu Jiaying Wei Hongzhong Li Guosheng Ren Guosheng Ren Xuedong Yin |
| author_sort |
Long Wang |
| title |
AMPD1 Is Associated With the Immune Response and Serves as a Prognostic Marker in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer |
| title_short |
AMPD1 Is Associated With the Immune Response and Serves as a Prognostic Marker in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer |
| title_full |
AMPD1 Is Associated With the Immune Response and Serves as a Prognostic Marker in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer |
| title_fullStr |
AMPD1 Is Associated With the Immune Response and Serves as a Prognostic Marker in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed |
AMPD1 Is Associated With the Immune Response and Serves as a Prognostic Marker in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer |
| title_sort |
ampd1 is associated with the immune response and serves as a prognostic marker in her2-positive breast cancer |
| publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/b1b49b8e9b304d6ebdae4cb24b502b3a |
| work_keys_str_mv |
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