Identification of an Elite Core Panel as a Key Breeding Resource to Accelerate the Rate of Genetic Improvement for Irrigated Rice

Abstract Rice genetic improvement is a key component of achieving and maintaining food security in Asia and Africa in the face of growing populations and climate change. In this effort, the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) continues to play a critical role in creating and disseminating r...

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Autores principales: Roselyne U. Juma, Jérôme Bartholomé, Parthiban Thathapalli Prakash, Waseem Hussain, John D. Platten, Vitaliano Lopena, Holden Verdeprado, Rosemary Murori, Alexis Ndayiragije, Sanjay Kumar Katiyar, Md Rafiqul Islam, Partha S. Biswas, Jessica E. Rutkoski, Juan D. Arbelaez, Felister N. Mbute, Douglas W. Miano, Joshua N. Cobb
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Publicado: SpringerOpen 2021
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:b1d659036c4f4c68ad8eec2587b24d342021-11-14T12:39:04ZIdentification of an Elite Core Panel as a Key Breeding Resource to Accelerate the Rate of Genetic Improvement for Irrigated Rice10.1186/s12284-021-00533-51939-84251939-8433https://doaj.org/article/b1d659036c4f4c68ad8eec2587b24d342021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12284-021-00533-5https://doaj.org/toc/1939-8425https://doaj.org/toc/1939-8433Abstract Rice genetic improvement is a key component of achieving and maintaining food security in Asia and Africa in the face of growing populations and climate change. In this effort, the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) continues to play a critical role in creating and disseminating rice varieties with higher productivity. Due to increasing demand for rice, especially in Africa, there is a strong need to accelerate the rate of genetic improvement for grain yield. In an effort to identify and characterize the elite breeding pool of IRRI’s irrigated rice breeding program, we analyzed 102 historical yield trials conducted in the Philippines during the period 2012–2016 and representing 15,286 breeding lines (including released varieties). A mixed model approach based on the pedigree relationship matrix was used to estimate breeding values for grain yield, which ranged from 2.12 to 6.27 t·ha−1. The rate of genetic gain for grain yield was estimated at 8.75 kg·ha−1 year−1 (0.23%) for crosses made in the period from 1964 to 2014. Reducing the data to only IRRI released varieties, the rate doubled to 17.36 kg·ha−1 year−1 (0.46%). Regressed against breeding cycle the rate of gain for grain yield was 185 kg·ha−1 cycle−1 (4.95%). We selected 72 top performing lines based on breeding values for grain yield to create an elite core panel (ECP) representing the genetic diversity in the breeding program with the highest heritable yield values from which new products can be derived. The ECP closely aligns with the indica 1B sub-group of Oryza sativa that includes most modern varieties for irrigated systems. Agronomic performance of the ECP under multiple environments in Asia and Africa confirmed its high yield potential. We found that the rate of genetic gain for grain yield found in this study was limited primarily by long cycle times and the direct introduction of non-improved material into the elite pool. Consequently, the current breeding scheme for irrigated rice at IRRI is based on rapid recurrent selection among highly elite lines. In this context, the ECP constitutes an important resource for IRRI and NAREs breeders to carefully characterize and manage that elite diversity.Roselyne U. JumaJérôme BartholoméParthiban Thathapalli PrakashWaseem HussainJohn D. PlattenVitaliano LopenaHolden VerdepradoRosemary MuroriAlexis NdayiragijeSanjay Kumar KatiyarMd Rafiqul IslamPartha S. BiswasJessica E. RutkoskiJuan D. ArbelaezFelister N. MbuteDouglas W. MianoJoshua N. CobbSpringerOpenarticleRiceOryza sativaGenetic gainGrain yieldBreeding valuesElite panelPlant cultureSB1-1110ENRice, Vol 14, Iss 1, Pp 1-22 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic Rice
Oryza sativa
Genetic gain
Grain yield
Breeding values
Elite panel
Plant culture
SB1-1110
spellingShingle Rice
Oryza sativa
Genetic gain
Grain yield
Breeding values
Elite panel
Plant culture
SB1-1110
Roselyne U. Juma
Jérôme Bartholomé
Parthiban Thathapalli Prakash
Waseem Hussain
John D. Platten
Vitaliano Lopena
Holden Verdeprado
Rosemary Murori
Alexis Ndayiragije
Sanjay Kumar Katiyar
Md Rafiqul Islam
Partha S. Biswas
Jessica E. Rutkoski
Juan D. Arbelaez
Felister N. Mbute
Douglas W. Miano
Joshua N. Cobb
Identification of an Elite Core Panel as a Key Breeding Resource to Accelerate the Rate of Genetic Improvement for Irrigated Rice
description Abstract Rice genetic improvement is a key component of achieving and maintaining food security in Asia and Africa in the face of growing populations and climate change. In this effort, the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) continues to play a critical role in creating and disseminating rice varieties with higher productivity. Due to increasing demand for rice, especially in Africa, there is a strong need to accelerate the rate of genetic improvement for grain yield. In an effort to identify and characterize the elite breeding pool of IRRI’s irrigated rice breeding program, we analyzed 102 historical yield trials conducted in the Philippines during the period 2012–2016 and representing 15,286 breeding lines (including released varieties). A mixed model approach based on the pedigree relationship matrix was used to estimate breeding values for grain yield, which ranged from 2.12 to 6.27 t·ha−1. The rate of genetic gain for grain yield was estimated at 8.75 kg·ha−1 year−1 (0.23%) for crosses made in the period from 1964 to 2014. Reducing the data to only IRRI released varieties, the rate doubled to 17.36 kg·ha−1 year−1 (0.46%). Regressed against breeding cycle the rate of gain for grain yield was 185 kg·ha−1 cycle−1 (4.95%). We selected 72 top performing lines based on breeding values for grain yield to create an elite core panel (ECP) representing the genetic diversity in the breeding program with the highest heritable yield values from which new products can be derived. The ECP closely aligns with the indica 1B sub-group of Oryza sativa that includes most modern varieties for irrigated systems. Agronomic performance of the ECP under multiple environments in Asia and Africa confirmed its high yield potential. We found that the rate of genetic gain for grain yield found in this study was limited primarily by long cycle times and the direct introduction of non-improved material into the elite pool. Consequently, the current breeding scheme for irrigated rice at IRRI is based on rapid recurrent selection among highly elite lines. In this context, the ECP constitutes an important resource for IRRI and NAREs breeders to carefully characterize and manage that elite diversity.
format article
author Roselyne U. Juma
Jérôme Bartholomé
Parthiban Thathapalli Prakash
Waseem Hussain
John D. Platten
Vitaliano Lopena
Holden Verdeprado
Rosemary Murori
Alexis Ndayiragije
Sanjay Kumar Katiyar
Md Rafiqul Islam
Partha S. Biswas
Jessica E. Rutkoski
Juan D. Arbelaez
Felister N. Mbute
Douglas W. Miano
Joshua N. Cobb
author_facet Roselyne U. Juma
Jérôme Bartholomé
Parthiban Thathapalli Prakash
Waseem Hussain
John D. Platten
Vitaliano Lopena
Holden Verdeprado
Rosemary Murori
Alexis Ndayiragije
Sanjay Kumar Katiyar
Md Rafiqul Islam
Partha S. Biswas
Jessica E. Rutkoski
Juan D. Arbelaez
Felister N. Mbute
Douglas W. Miano
Joshua N. Cobb
author_sort Roselyne U. Juma
title Identification of an Elite Core Panel as a Key Breeding Resource to Accelerate the Rate of Genetic Improvement for Irrigated Rice
title_short Identification of an Elite Core Panel as a Key Breeding Resource to Accelerate the Rate of Genetic Improvement for Irrigated Rice
title_full Identification of an Elite Core Panel as a Key Breeding Resource to Accelerate the Rate of Genetic Improvement for Irrigated Rice
title_fullStr Identification of an Elite Core Panel as a Key Breeding Resource to Accelerate the Rate of Genetic Improvement for Irrigated Rice
title_full_unstemmed Identification of an Elite Core Panel as a Key Breeding Resource to Accelerate the Rate of Genetic Improvement for Irrigated Rice
title_sort identification of an elite core panel as a key breeding resource to accelerate the rate of genetic improvement for irrigated rice
publisher SpringerOpen
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/b1d659036c4f4c68ad8eec2587b24d34
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