Role of diabetes in lung injury from acute exposure to electronic cigarette, heated tobacco product, and combustible cigarette aerosols in an animal model.

<h4>Background</h4>Patients with diabetes are more vulnerable to the detrimental respiratory effects of combustible cigarette smoke (CS) when compared to the general population. Electronic cigarettes (ECIG) and heated tobacco products (HTP) are marketed as less harmful alternatives to CS...

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Autores principales:	Michella Abi Zeid Daou, Alan Shihadeh, Yasmine Hashem, Hala Bitar, Alaa Kassir, Mohammad El-Harakeh, Nareg Karaoghlanian, Assaad A Eid, Marwan El-Sabban, Ghazi Zaatari, Ahmad Husari
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b1d9a9f9533e4ec897db22b4b7a45c8a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b1d9a9f9533e4ec897db22b4b7a45c8a2021-12-02T20:18:27ZRole of diabetes in lung injury from acute exposure to electronic cigarette, heated tobacco product, and combustible cigarette aerosols in an animal model.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0255876https://doaj.org/article/b1d9a9f9533e4ec897db22b4b7a45c8a2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255876https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Patients with diabetes are more vulnerable to the detrimental respiratory effects of combustible cigarette smoke (CS) when compared to the general population. Electronic cigarettes (ECIG) and heated tobacco products (HTP) are marketed as less harmful alternatives to CS. In this study, we compared the effects of acute ECIG, HTP and CS exposure on the lungs of type II diabetes versus non-diabetic mice in an animal model.<h4>Methods</h4>Type II Diabetic (Diab) and Non-Diabetic (Non-Diab) mice were divided into Control, ECIG, HTP and CS groups. Animals were exposed for 6 hrs./day to either air, ECIG, HTP or CS for seven days. Lung injury was determined by a) histopathology, b) wet to dry ratio, c) albumin concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, d) expression of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1 β, e) reactive oxygen species production (ROS), and f) assessment of cellular apoptosis.<h4>Results</h4>Lung histology revealed increased edema and inflammatory cells in diabetic mice exposed to ECIG, HTP and CS. The expression of Inflammatory mediators was, in general, more significant in the Diabetic groups as well. TNF-α expression, for example, was upregulated in Diab + ECIG but not in Non-Diab + ECIG. ROS was significantly increased in Diab + CS, less in Non-Diab + CS and weakly noted in ECIG + Diab. Significant albumin leak was observed in Diab and Non-Diab HTP-exposed animals. CS exposure worsened lung injury in Diab when compared to Non-Diab mice.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Comorbid medical conditions like diabetes may amplify ill effects of CS, ECIG or HTP exposure.Michella Abi Zeid DaouAlan ShihadehYasmine HashemHala BitarAlaa KassirMohammad El-HarakehNareg KaraoghlanianAssaad A EidMarwan El-SabbanGhazi ZaatariAhmad HusariPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 8, p e0255876 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Michella Abi Zeid Daou Alan Shihadeh Yasmine Hashem Hala Bitar Alaa Kassir Mohammad El-Harakeh Nareg Karaoghlanian Assaad A Eid Marwan El-Sabban Ghazi Zaatari Ahmad Husari Role of diabetes in lung injury from acute exposure to electronic cigarette, heated tobacco product, and combustible cigarette aerosols in an animal model.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Patients with diabetes are more vulnerable to the detrimental respiratory effects of combustible cigarette smoke (CS) when compared to the general population. Electronic cigarettes (ECIG) and heated tobacco products (HTP) are marketed as less harmful alternatives to CS. In this study, we compared the effects of acute ECIG, HTP and CS exposure on the lungs of type II diabetes versus non-diabetic mice in an animal model.<h4>Methods</h4>Type II Diabetic (Diab) and Non-Diabetic (Non-Diab) mice were divided into Control, ECIG, HTP and CS groups. Animals were exposed for 6 hrs./day to either air, ECIG, HTP or CS for seven days. Lung injury was determined by a) histopathology, b) wet to dry ratio, c) albumin concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, d) expression of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1 β, e) reactive oxygen species production (ROS), and f) assessment of cellular apoptosis.<h4>Results</h4>Lung histology revealed increased edema and inflammatory cells in diabetic mice exposed to ECIG, HTP and CS. The expression of Inflammatory mediators was, in general, more significant in the Diabetic groups as well. TNF-α expression, for example, was upregulated in Diab + ECIG but not in Non-Diab + ECIG. ROS was significantly increased in Diab + CS, less in Non-Diab + CS and weakly noted in ECIG + Diab. Significant albumin leak was observed in Diab and Non-Diab HTP-exposed animals. CS exposure worsened lung injury in Diab when compared to Non-Diab mice.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Comorbid medical conditions like diabetes may amplify ill effects of CS, ECIG or HTP exposure.
format	article
author	Michella Abi Zeid Daou Alan Shihadeh Yasmine Hashem Hala Bitar Alaa Kassir Mohammad El-Harakeh Nareg Karaoghlanian Assaad A Eid Marwan El-Sabban Ghazi Zaatari Ahmad Husari
author_facet	Michella Abi Zeid Daou Alan Shihadeh Yasmine Hashem Hala Bitar Alaa Kassir Mohammad El-Harakeh Nareg Karaoghlanian Assaad A Eid Marwan El-Sabban Ghazi Zaatari Ahmad Husari
author_sort	Michella Abi Zeid Daou
title	Role of diabetes in lung injury from acute exposure to electronic cigarette, heated tobacco product, and combustible cigarette aerosols in an animal model.
title_short	Role of diabetes in lung injury from acute exposure to electronic cigarette, heated tobacco product, and combustible cigarette aerosols in an animal model.
title_full	Role of diabetes in lung injury from acute exposure to electronic cigarette, heated tobacco product, and combustible cigarette aerosols in an animal model.
title_fullStr	Role of diabetes in lung injury from acute exposure to electronic cigarette, heated tobacco product, and combustible cigarette aerosols in an animal model.
title_full_unstemmed	Role of diabetes in lung injury from acute exposure to electronic cigarette, heated tobacco product, and combustible cigarette aerosols in an animal model.
title_sort	role of diabetes in lung injury from acute exposure to electronic cigarette, heated tobacco product, and combustible cigarette aerosols in an animal model.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b1d9a9f9533e4ec897db22b4b7a45c8a
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Role of diabetes in lung injury from acute exposure to electronic cigarette, heated tobacco product, and combustible cigarette aerosols in an animal model.

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