Does Addition of Phosphate and Ammonium Nutrients Affect Microbial Activity in Froth Treatment Affected Tailings?

We examined greenhouse gas (GHG) production upon the addition of ammonium and phosphate to mature fine tailing (MFT) samples from Alberta’s Pond 2/3 (at 5 and 15 m) and Pond 7 (12.5 m) in microcosm studies. The methane production rate in unamended Pond 2/3 MFT correlated with sample age; the product...

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Autores principales:	Juliana A. Ramsay, Mara R. de Lima e Silva, Michael A. R. Tawadrous, Bruce A. Ramsay
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	oilsands tailing ponds mature fine tailings ammonium phosphate microbial activity Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b1f1646ce79841b78748c5c6a87c6927
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b1f1646ce79841b78748c5c6a87c69272021-11-25T18:24:22ZDoes Addition of Phosphate and Ammonium Nutrients Affect Microbial Activity in Froth Treatment Affected Tailings?10.3390/microorganisms91122242076-2607https://doaj.org/article/b1f1646ce79841b78748c5c6a87c69272021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/11/2224https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2607We examined greenhouse gas (GHG) production upon the addition of ammonium and phosphate to mature fine tailing (MFT) samples from Alberta’s Pond 2/3 (at 5 and 15 m) and Pond 7 (12.5 m) in microcosm studies. The methane production rate in unamended Pond 2/3 MFT correlated with sample age; the production rate was higher in the less dense, more recently discharged MFT samples and lower in the denser, deeper sample. Adding small amounts of naphtha increased methane production, but there was no correlation with increasing naphtha, indicating that naphtha may partition into bitumen, reducing its bioavailability. Although non-detectable phosphate and low ammonium in the pore water indicate that these nutrients were potentially limiting microbial activity, their addition did not significantly affect methanogenesis but somewhat enhanced sulphate and nitrate reduction. Neither ammonium nor phosphate were detected in the pore water when added at low concentrations, but when added at high concentrations, 25–35% phosphate and 30–45% ammonium were lost. These ions likely sorbed to MFT minerals such as kaolinite, which have microbial activity governed by phosphate/ammonium desorption. Hence, multiple limitations affected microbial activity. Sulphate was less effective than nitrate was in inhibiting methanogenesis because H<sub>2</sub>S may be a less effective inhibitor than NO<sub>x</sub><sup>−</sup> intermediates are, and/or H<sub>2</sub>S may be more easily abiotically removed. With nitrate reduction, N<sub>2</sub>O, a potent GHG was produced but eventually metabolized.Juliana A. RamsayMara R. de Lima e SilvaMichael A. R. TawadrousBruce A. RamsayMDPI AGarticleoilsands tailing pondsmature fine tailingsammoniumphosphatemicrobial activityBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENMicroorganisms, Vol 9, Iss 2224, p 2224 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	oilsands tailing ponds mature fine tailings ammonium phosphate microbial activity Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	oilsands tailing ponds mature fine tailings ammonium phosphate microbial activity Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Juliana A. Ramsay Mara R. de Lima e Silva Michael A. R. Tawadrous Bruce A. Ramsay Does Addition of Phosphate and Ammonium Nutrients Affect Microbial Activity in Froth Treatment Affected Tailings?
description	We examined greenhouse gas (GHG) production upon the addition of ammonium and phosphate to mature fine tailing (MFT) samples from Alberta’s Pond 2/3 (at 5 and 15 m) and Pond 7 (12.5 m) in microcosm studies. The methane production rate in unamended Pond 2/3 MFT correlated with sample age; the production rate was higher in the less dense, more recently discharged MFT samples and lower in the denser, deeper sample. Adding small amounts of naphtha increased methane production, but there was no correlation with increasing naphtha, indicating that naphtha may partition into bitumen, reducing its bioavailability. Although non-detectable phosphate and low ammonium in the pore water indicate that these nutrients were potentially limiting microbial activity, their addition did not significantly affect methanogenesis but somewhat enhanced sulphate and nitrate reduction. Neither ammonium nor phosphate were detected in the pore water when added at low concentrations, but when added at high concentrations, 25–35% phosphate and 30–45% ammonium were lost. These ions likely sorbed to MFT minerals such as kaolinite, which have microbial activity governed by phosphate/ammonium desorption. Hence, multiple limitations affected microbial activity. Sulphate was less effective than nitrate was in inhibiting methanogenesis because H<sub>2</sub>S may be a less effective inhibitor than NO<sub>x</sub><sup>−</sup> intermediates are, and/or H<sub>2</sub>S may be more easily abiotically removed. With nitrate reduction, N<sub>2</sub>O, a potent GHG was produced but eventually metabolized.
format	article
author	Juliana A. Ramsay Mara R. de Lima e Silva Michael A. R. Tawadrous Bruce A. Ramsay
author_facet	Juliana A. Ramsay Mara R. de Lima e Silva Michael A. R. Tawadrous Bruce A. Ramsay
author_sort	Juliana A. Ramsay
title	Does Addition of Phosphate and Ammonium Nutrients Affect Microbial Activity in Froth Treatment Affected Tailings?
title_short	Does Addition of Phosphate and Ammonium Nutrients Affect Microbial Activity in Froth Treatment Affected Tailings?
title_full	Does Addition of Phosphate and Ammonium Nutrients Affect Microbial Activity in Froth Treatment Affected Tailings?
title_fullStr	Does Addition of Phosphate and Ammonium Nutrients Affect Microbial Activity in Froth Treatment Affected Tailings?
title_full_unstemmed	Does Addition of Phosphate and Ammonium Nutrients Affect Microbial Activity in Froth Treatment Affected Tailings?
title_sort	does addition of phosphate and ammonium nutrients affect microbial activity in froth treatment affected tailings?
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b1f1646ce79841b78748c5c6a87c6927
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Does Addition of Phosphate and Ammonium Nutrients Affect Microbial Activity in Froth Treatment Affected Tailings?

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