Whole genome sequencing reveals local transmission patterns of Mycobacterium bovis in sympatric cattle and badger populations.

Whole genome sequencing (WGS) technology holds great promise as a tool for the forensic epidemiology of bacterial pathogens. It is likely to be particularly useful for studying the transmission dynamics of an observed epidemic involving a largely unsampled 'reservoir' host, as for bovine t...

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Autores principales:	Roman Biek, Anthony O'Hare, David Wright, Tom Mallon, Carl McCormick, Richard J Orton, Stanley McDowell, Hannah Trewby, Robin A Skuce, Rowland R Kao
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b2151e0095e6488983698db4c6fa7643
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b2151e0095e6488983698db4c6fa76432021-11-18T06:06:20ZWhole genome sequencing reveals local transmission patterns of Mycobacterium bovis in sympatric cattle and badger populations.1553-73661553-737410.1371/journal.ppat.1003008https://doaj.org/article/b2151e0095e6488983698db4c6fa76432012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23209404/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-7366https://doaj.org/toc/1553-7374Whole genome sequencing (WGS) technology holds great promise as a tool for the forensic epidemiology of bacterial pathogens. It is likely to be particularly useful for studying the transmission dynamics of an observed epidemic involving a largely unsampled 'reservoir' host, as for bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in British and Irish cattle and badgers. BTB is caused by Mycobacterium bovis, a member of the M. tuberculosis complex that also includes the aetiological agent for human TB. In this study, we identified a spatio-temporally linked group of 26 cattle and 4 badgers infected with the same Variable Number Tandem Repeat (VNTR) type of M. bovis. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) between sequences identified differences that were consistent with bacterial lineages being persistent on or near farms for several years, despite multiple clear whole herd tests in the interim. Comparing WGS data to mathematical models showed good correlations between genetic divergence and spatial distance, but poor correspondence to the network of cattle movements or within-herd contacts. Badger isolates showed between zero and four SNP differences from the nearest cattle isolate, providing evidence for recent transmissions between the two hosts. This is the first direct genetic evidence of M. bovis persistence on farms over multiple outbreaks with a continued, ongoing interaction with local badgers. However, despite unprecedented resolution, directionality of transmission cannot be inferred at this stage. Despite the often notoriously long timescales between time of infection and time of sampling for TB, our results suggest that WGS data alone can provide insights into TB epidemiology even where detailed contact data are not available, and that more extensive sampling and analysis will allow for quantification of the extent and direction of transmission between cattle and badgers.Roman BiekAnthony O'HareDavid WrightTom MallonCarl McCormickRichard J OrtonStanley McDowellHannah TrewbyRobin A SkuceRowland R KaoPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607Biology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Pathogens, Vol 8, Iss 11, p e1003008 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Roman Biek Anthony O'Hare David Wright Tom Mallon Carl McCormick Richard J Orton Stanley McDowell Hannah Trewby Robin A Skuce Rowland R Kao Whole genome sequencing reveals local transmission patterns of Mycobacterium bovis in sympatric cattle and badger populations.
description	Whole genome sequencing (WGS) technology holds great promise as a tool for the forensic epidemiology of bacterial pathogens. It is likely to be particularly useful for studying the transmission dynamics of an observed epidemic involving a largely unsampled 'reservoir' host, as for bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in British and Irish cattle and badgers. BTB is caused by Mycobacterium bovis, a member of the M. tuberculosis complex that also includes the aetiological agent for human TB. In this study, we identified a spatio-temporally linked group of 26 cattle and 4 badgers infected with the same Variable Number Tandem Repeat (VNTR) type of M. bovis. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) between sequences identified differences that were consistent with bacterial lineages being persistent on or near farms for several years, despite multiple clear whole herd tests in the interim. Comparing WGS data to mathematical models showed good correlations between genetic divergence and spatial distance, but poor correspondence to the network of cattle movements or within-herd contacts. Badger isolates showed between zero and four SNP differences from the nearest cattle isolate, providing evidence for recent transmissions between the two hosts. This is the first direct genetic evidence of M. bovis persistence on farms over multiple outbreaks with a continued, ongoing interaction with local badgers. However, despite unprecedented resolution, directionality of transmission cannot be inferred at this stage. Despite the often notoriously long timescales between time of infection and time of sampling for TB, our results suggest that WGS data alone can provide insights into TB epidemiology even where detailed contact data are not available, and that more extensive sampling and analysis will allow for quantification of the extent and direction of transmission between cattle and badgers.
format	article
author	Roman Biek Anthony O'Hare David Wright Tom Mallon Carl McCormick Richard J Orton Stanley McDowell Hannah Trewby Robin A Skuce Rowland R Kao
author_facet	Roman Biek Anthony O'Hare David Wright Tom Mallon Carl McCormick Richard J Orton Stanley McDowell Hannah Trewby Robin A Skuce Rowland R Kao
author_sort	Roman Biek
title	Whole genome sequencing reveals local transmission patterns of Mycobacterium bovis in sympatric cattle and badger populations.
title_short	Whole genome sequencing reveals local transmission patterns of Mycobacterium bovis in sympatric cattle and badger populations.
title_full	Whole genome sequencing reveals local transmission patterns of Mycobacterium bovis in sympatric cattle and badger populations.
title_fullStr	Whole genome sequencing reveals local transmission patterns of Mycobacterium bovis in sympatric cattle and badger populations.
title_full_unstemmed	Whole genome sequencing reveals local transmission patterns of Mycobacterium bovis in sympatric cattle and badger populations.
title_sort	whole genome sequencing reveals local transmission patterns of mycobacterium bovis in sympatric cattle and badger populations.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/b2151e0095e6488983698db4c6fa7643
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Whole genome sequencing reveals local transmission patterns of Mycobacterium bovis in sympatric cattle and badger populations.

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