Systems Biology to Understand and Regulate Human Retroviral Proinflammatory Response
The majority of human genome are non-coding genes. Recent research have revealed that about half of these genome sequences make up of transposable elements (TEs). A branch of these belong to the endogenous retroviruses (ERVs), which are germline viral infection that occurred over millions of years a...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:b230c87e5de84a50ae77b63ff8bd2e522021-11-16T05:00:44ZSystems Biology to Understand and Regulate Human Retroviral Proinflammatory Response1664-322410.3389/fimmu.2021.736349https://doaj.org/article/b230c87e5de84a50ae77b63ff8bd2e522021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.736349/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-3224The majority of human genome are non-coding genes. Recent research have revealed that about half of these genome sequences make up of transposable elements (TEs). A branch of these belong to the endogenous retroviruses (ERVs), which are germline viral infection that occurred over millions of years ago. They are generally harmless as evolutionary mutations have made them unable to produce viral agents and are mostly epigenetically silenced. Nevertheless, ERVs are able to express by still unknown mechanisms and recent evidences have shown links between ERVs and major proinflammatory diseases and cancers. The major challenge is to elucidate a detailed mechanistic understanding between them, so that novel therapeutic approaches can be explored. Here, we provide a brief overview of TEs, human ERVs and their links to microbiome, innate immune response, proinflammatory diseases and cancer. Finally, we recommend the employment of systems biology approaches for future HERV research.Mohamed HelmyMohamed HelmyKumar SelvarajooKumar SelvarajooKumar SelvarajooFrontiers Media S.A.articlehuman retroviralsystems biologyproinflammatory responsecomputational modelingcancerImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607ENFrontiers in Immunology, Vol 12 (2021) |
| institution |
DOAJ |
| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
EN |
| topic |
human retroviral systems biology proinflammatory response computational modeling cancer Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 |
| spellingShingle |
human retroviral systems biology proinflammatory response computational modeling cancer Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Mohamed Helmy Mohamed Helmy Kumar Selvarajoo Kumar Selvarajoo Kumar Selvarajoo Systems Biology to Understand and Regulate Human Retroviral Proinflammatory Response |
| description |
The majority of human genome are non-coding genes. Recent research have revealed that about half of these genome sequences make up of transposable elements (TEs). A branch of these belong to the endogenous retroviruses (ERVs), which are germline viral infection that occurred over millions of years ago. They are generally harmless as evolutionary mutations have made them unable to produce viral agents and are mostly epigenetically silenced. Nevertheless, ERVs are able to express by still unknown mechanisms and recent evidences have shown links between ERVs and major proinflammatory diseases and cancers. The major challenge is to elucidate a detailed mechanistic understanding between them, so that novel therapeutic approaches can be explored. Here, we provide a brief overview of TEs, human ERVs and their links to microbiome, innate immune response, proinflammatory diseases and cancer. Finally, we recommend the employment of systems biology approaches for future HERV research. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Mohamed Helmy Mohamed Helmy Kumar Selvarajoo Kumar Selvarajoo Kumar Selvarajoo |
| author_facet |
Mohamed Helmy Mohamed Helmy Kumar Selvarajoo Kumar Selvarajoo Kumar Selvarajoo |
| author_sort |
Mohamed Helmy |
| title |
Systems Biology to Understand and Regulate Human Retroviral Proinflammatory Response |
| title_short |
Systems Biology to Understand and Regulate Human Retroviral Proinflammatory Response |
| title_full |
Systems Biology to Understand and Regulate Human Retroviral Proinflammatory Response |
| title_fullStr |
Systems Biology to Understand and Regulate Human Retroviral Proinflammatory Response |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Systems Biology to Understand and Regulate Human Retroviral Proinflammatory Response |
| title_sort |
systems biology to understand and regulate human retroviral proinflammatory response |
| publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/b230c87e5de84a50ae77b63ff8bd2e52 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT mohamedhelmy systemsbiologytounderstandandregulatehumanretroviralproinflammatoryresponse AT mohamedhelmy systemsbiologytounderstandandregulatehumanretroviralproinflammatoryresponse AT kumarselvarajoo systemsbiologytounderstandandregulatehumanretroviralproinflammatoryresponse AT kumarselvarajoo systemsbiologytounderstandandregulatehumanretroviralproinflammatoryresponse AT kumarselvarajoo systemsbiologytounderstandandregulatehumanretroviralproinflammatoryresponse |
| _version_ |
1718426748430843904 |