Strain variation in Bacillus cereus biofilms and their susceptibility to extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes.

Bacillus cereus is a foodborne pathogen and can form biofilms on food contact surfaces, which causes food hygiene problems. While it is necessary to understand strain-dependent variation to effectively control these biofilms, strain-to-strain variation in the structure of B. cereus biofilms is poorl...

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Autores principales:	Eun Seob Lim, Seung-Youb Baek, Taeyoung Oh, Minseon Koo, Joo Young Lee, Hyun Jung Kim, Joo-Sung Kim
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b253f3f734444330b9be932c1fb4ce97
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b253f3f734444330b9be932c1fb4ce972021-12-02T20:10:35ZStrain variation in Bacillus cereus biofilms and their susceptibility to extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0245708https://doaj.org/article/b253f3f734444330b9be932c1fb4ce972021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245708https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Bacillus cereus is a foodborne pathogen and can form biofilms on food contact surfaces, which causes food hygiene problems. While it is necessary to understand strain-dependent variation to effectively control these biofilms, strain-to-strain variation in the structure of B. cereus biofilms is poorly understood. In this study, B. cereus strains from tatsoi (BC4, BC10, and BC72) and the ATCC 10987 reference strain were incubated at 30°C to form biofilms in the presence of the extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes DNase I, proteinase K, dispase II, cellulase, amyloglucosidase, and α-amylase to assess the susceptibility to these enzymes. The four strains exhibited four different patterns in terms of biofilm susceptibility to the enzymes as well as morphology of surface-attached biofilms or suspended cell aggregates. DNase I inhibited the biofilm formation of strains ATCC 10987 and BC4 but not of strains BC10 and BC72. This result suggests that some strains may not have extracellular DNA, or their extracellular DNA may be protected in their biofilms. In addition, the strains exhibited different patterns of susceptibility to protein- and carbohydrate-degrading enzymes. While other strains were resistant, strains ATCC 10987 and BC4 were susceptible to cellulase, suggesting that cellulose or its similar polysaccharides may exist and play an essential role in their biofilm formation. Our compositional and imaging analyses of strains ATCC 10987 and BC4 suggested that the physicochemical properties of their biofilms are distinct, as calculated by the carbohydrate to protein ratio. Taken together, our study suggests that the extracellular matrix of B. cereus biofilms may be highly diverse and provides insight into the diverse mechanisms of biofilm formation among B. cereus strains.Eun Seob LimSeung-Youb BaekTaeyoung OhMinseon KooJoo Young LeeHyun Jung KimJoo-Sung KimPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 6, p e0245708 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Eun Seob Lim Seung-Youb Baek Taeyoung Oh Minseon Koo Joo Young Lee Hyun Jung Kim Joo-Sung Kim Strain variation in Bacillus cereus biofilms and their susceptibility to extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes.
description	Bacillus cereus is a foodborne pathogen and can form biofilms on food contact surfaces, which causes food hygiene problems. While it is necessary to understand strain-dependent variation to effectively control these biofilms, strain-to-strain variation in the structure of B. cereus biofilms is poorly understood. In this study, B. cereus strains from tatsoi (BC4, BC10, and BC72) and the ATCC 10987 reference strain were incubated at 30°C to form biofilms in the presence of the extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes DNase I, proteinase K, dispase II, cellulase, amyloglucosidase, and α-amylase to assess the susceptibility to these enzymes. The four strains exhibited four different patterns in terms of biofilm susceptibility to the enzymes as well as morphology of surface-attached biofilms or suspended cell aggregates. DNase I inhibited the biofilm formation of strains ATCC 10987 and BC4 but not of strains BC10 and BC72. This result suggests that some strains may not have extracellular DNA, or their extracellular DNA may be protected in their biofilms. In addition, the strains exhibited different patterns of susceptibility to protein- and carbohydrate-degrading enzymes. While other strains were resistant, strains ATCC 10987 and BC4 were susceptible to cellulase, suggesting that cellulose or its similar polysaccharides may exist and play an essential role in their biofilm formation. Our compositional and imaging analyses of strains ATCC 10987 and BC4 suggested that the physicochemical properties of their biofilms are distinct, as calculated by the carbohydrate to protein ratio. Taken together, our study suggests that the extracellular matrix of B. cereus biofilms may be highly diverse and provides insight into the diverse mechanisms of biofilm formation among B. cereus strains.
format	article
author	Eun Seob Lim Seung-Youb Baek Taeyoung Oh Minseon Koo Joo Young Lee Hyun Jung Kim Joo-Sung Kim
author_facet	Eun Seob Lim Seung-Youb Baek Taeyoung Oh Minseon Koo Joo Young Lee Hyun Jung Kim Joo-Sung Kim
author_sort	Eun Seob Lim
title	Strain variation in Bacillus cereus biofilms and their susceptibility to extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes.
title_short	Strain variation in Bacillus cereus biofilms and their susceptibility to extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes.
title_full	Strain variation in Bacillus cereus biofilms and their susceptibility to extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes.
title_fullStr	Strain variation in Bacillus cereus biofilms and their susceptibility to extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes.
title_full_unstemmed	Strain variation in Bacillus cereus biofilms and their susceptibility to extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes.
title_sort	strain variation in bacillus cereus biofilms and their susceptibility to extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b253f3f734444330b9be932c1fb4ce97
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Strain variation in Bacillus cereus biofilms and their susceptibility to extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes.

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