Different responses to reward comparisons by three primate species.

<h4>Background</h4>Recently, much attention has been paid to the role of cooperative breeding in the evolution of behavior. In many measures, cooperative breeders are more prosocial than non-cooperatively breeding species, including being more likely to actively share food. This is hypot...

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Autores principales:	Hani D Freeman, Jennifer Sullivan, Lydia M Hopper, Catherine F Talbot, Andrea N Holmes, Nancy Schultz-Darken, Lawrence E Williams, Sarah F Brosnan
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b26f0992ae40495a9874351ed9b9036b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b26f0992ae40495a9874351ed9b9036b2021-11-18T08:51:48ZDifferent responses to reward comparisons by three primate species.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0076297https://doaj.org/article/b26f0992ae40495a9874351ed9b9036b2013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24130767/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Recently, much attention has been paid to the role of cooperative breeding in the evolution of behavior. In many measures, cooperative breeders are more prosocial than non-cooperatively breeding species, including being more likely to actively share food. This is hypothesized to be due to selective pressures specific to the interdependency characteristic of cooperatively breeding species. Given the high costs of finding a new mate, it has been proposed that cooperative breeders, unlike primates that cooperate in other contexts, should not respond negatively to unequal outcomes between themselves and their partner. However, in this context such pressures may extend beyond cooperative breeders to other species with pair-bonding and bi-parental care.<h4>Methods</h4>Here we test the response of two New World primate species with different parental strategies to unequal outcomes in both individual and social contrast conditions. One species tested was a cooperative breeder (Callithrix spp.) and the second practiced bi-parental care (Aotus spp.). Additionally, to verify our procedure, we tested a third confamilial species that shows no such interdependence but does respond to individual (but not social) contrast (Saimiri spp.). We tested all three genera using an established inequity paradigm in which individuals in a pair took turns to gain rewards that sometimes differed from those of their partners.<h4>Conclusions</h4>None of the three species tested responded negatively to inequitable outcomes in this experimental context. Importantly, the Saimiri spp responded to individual contrast, as in earlier studies, validating our procedure. When these data are considered in relation to previous studies investigating responses to inequity in primates, they indicate that one aspect of cooperative breeding, pair-bonding or bi-parental care, may influence the evolution of these behaviors. These results emphasize the need to study a variety of species to gain insight in to how decision-making may vary across social structures.Hani D FreemanJennifer SullivanLydia M HopperCatherine F TalbotAndrea N HolmesNancy Schultz-DarkenLawrence E WilliamsSarah F BrosnanPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 10, p e76297 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Hani D Freeman Jennifer Sullivan Lydia M Hopper Catherine F Talbot Andrea N Holmes Nancy Schultz-Darken Lawrence E Williams Sarah F Brosnan Different responses to reward comparisons by three primate species.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Recently, much attention has been paid to the role of cooperative breeding in the evolution of behavior. In many measures, cooperative breeders are more prosocial than non-cooperatively breeding species, including being more likely to actively share food. This is hypothesized to be due to selective pressures specific to the interdependency characteristic of cooperatively breeding species. Given the high costs of finding a new mate, it has been proposed that cooperative breeders, unlike primates that cooperate in other contexts, should not respond negatively to unequal outcomes between themselves and their partner. However, in this context such pressures may extend beyond cooperative breeders to other species with pair-bonding and bi-parental care.<h4>Methods</h4>Here we test the response of two New World primate species with different parental strategies to unequal outcomes in both individual and social contrast conditions. One species tested was a cooperative breeder (Callithrix spp.) and the second practiced bi-parental care (Aotus spp.). Additionally, to verify our procedure, we tested a third confamilial species that shows no such interdependence but does respond to individual (but not social) contrast (Saimiri spp.). We tested all three genera using an established inequity paradigm in which individuals in a pair took turns to gain rewards that sometimes differed from those of their partners.<h4>Conclusions</h4>None of the three species tested responded negatively to inequitable outcomes in this experimental context. Importantly, the Saimiri spp responded to individual contrast, as in earlier studies, validating our procedure. When these data are considered in relation to previous studies investigating responses to inequity in primates, they indicate that one aspect of cooperative breeding, pair-bonding or bi-parental care, may influence the evolution of these behaviors. These results emphasize the need to study a variety of species to gain insight in to how decision-making may vary across social structures.
format	article
author	Hani D Freeman Jennifer Sullivan Lydia M Hopper Catherine F Talbot Andrea N Holmes Nancy Schultz-Darken Lawrence E Williams Sarah F Brosnan
author_facet	Hani D Freeman Jennifer Sullivan Lydia M Hopper Catherine F Talbot Andrea N Holmes Nancy Schultz-Darken Lawrence E Williams Sarah F Brosnan
author_sort	Hani D Freeman
title	Different responses to reward comparisons by three primate species.
title_short	Different responses to reward comparisons by three primate species.
title_full	Different responses to reward comparisons by three primate species.
title_fullStr	Different responses to reward comparisons by three primate species.
title_full_unstemmed	Different responses to reward comparisons by three primate species.
title_sort	different responses to reward comparisons by three primate species.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/b26f0992ae40495a9874351ed9b9036b
work_keys_str_mv	AT hanidfreeman differentresponsestorewardcomparisonsbythreeprimatespecies AT jennifersullivan differentresponsestorewardcomparisonsbythreeprimatespecies AT lydiamhopper differentresponsestorewardcomparisonsbythreeprimatespecies AT catherineftalbot differentresponsestorewardcomparisonsbythreeprimatespecies AT andreanholmes differentresponsestorewardcomparisonsbythreeprimatespecies AT nancyschultzdarken differentresponsestorewardcomparisonsbythreeprimatespecies AT lawrenceewilliams differentresponsestorewardcomparisonsbythreeprimatespecies AT sarahfbrosnan differentresponsestorewardcomparisonsbythreeprimatespecies
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Different responses to reward comparisons by three primate species.

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