Atmospheric Optical Turbulence Characteristics over the Ocean Relevant to Astronomy and Atmospheric Physics

Due to the space and time constraints of turbulence measurement equipment and the experiment scene, it is difficult to obtain the atmosphere refractive index structure constant over the ocean. In this paper, the characteristics of atmospheric optical turbulence in offshore and open ocean conditions...

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Autores principales:	Manman Xu, Shiyong Shao, Ningquan Weng, Liangping Zhou, Qing Liu, Yuefeng Zhao
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	optical turbulence astroclimatic parameter atmospheric physics ocean and atmospheric optics Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b2865346437f4324a83953fcdd2dd5e1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b2865346437f4324a83953fcdd2dd5e12021-11-25T16:31:15ZAtmospheric Optical Turbulence Characteristics over the Ocean Relevant to Astronomy and Atmospheric Physics10.3390/app1122105482076-3417https://doaj.org/article/b2865346437f4324a83953fcdd2dd5e12021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/22/10548https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3417Due to the space and time constraints of turbulence measurement equipment and the experiment scene, it is difficult to obtain the atmosphere refractive index structure constant over the ocean. In this paper, the characteristics of atmospheric optical turbulence in offshore and open ocean conditions are summarized by analyzing the meteorological data obtained from two ocean atmospheric optical parameter field experiments. Because of the influence of land undersurface, the turbulence strength in offshore conditions is roughly the same as that on land and presents different characteristics in open ocean. Compared with the offshore area, the turbulence strength over the open ocean near-surface decreases during the day and increases at night, and the diurnal variation characteristics weaken. The turbulence strength profiles over the offshore area show different characteristics at different times, where the turbulence strength in the morning is higher than that in the evening. By retrieving the meteorological factors affecting the turbulence, it is found that the temperature gradient and wind shear are in good agreement with turbulence strength in both offshore and open ocean areas. Furthermore, the integrated parameters for astronomy and optical telecommunication are derived from profiles over the offshore and open ocean areas. It is of great significance to research the turbulent characteristics of ocean atmosphere for optical transmission and astronomical observations.Manman XuShiyong ShaoNingquan WengLiangping ZhouQing LiuYuefeng ZhaoMDPI AGarticleoptical turbulenceastroclimatic parameteratmospheric physicsocean and atmospheric opticsTechnologyTEngineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040Biology (General)QH301-705.5PhysicsQC1-999ChemistryQD1-999ENApplied Sciences, Vol 11, Iss 10548, p 10548 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	optical turbulence astroclimatic parameter atmospheric physics ocean and atmospheric optics Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	optical turbulence astroclimatic parameter atmospheric physics ocean and atmospheric optics Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 Manman Xu Shiyong Shao Ningquan Weng Liangping Zhou Qing Liu Yuefeng Zhao Atmospheric Optical Turbulence Characteristics over the Ocean Relevant to Astronomy and Atmospheric Physics
description	Due to the space and time constraints of turbulence measurement equipment and the experiment scene, it is difficult to obtain the atmosphere refractive index structure constant over the ocean. In this paper, the characteristics of atmospheric optical turbulence in offshore and open ocean conditions are summarized by analyzing the meteorological data obtained from two ocean atmospheric optical parameter field experiments. Because of the influence of land undersurface, the turbulence strength in offshore conditions is roughly the same as that on land and presents different characteristics in open ocean. Compared with the offshore area, the turbulence strength over the open ocean near-surface decreases during the day and increases at night, and the diurnal variation characteristics weaken. The turbulence strength profiles over the offshore area show different characteristics at different times, where the turbulence strength in the morning is higher than that in the evening. By retrieving the meteorological factors affecting the turbulence, it is found that the temperature gradient and wind shear are in good agreement with turbulence strength in both offshore and open ocean areas. Furthermore, the integrated parameters for astronomy and optical telecommunication are derived from profiles over the offshore and open ocean areas. It is of great significance to research the turbulent characteristics of ocean atmosphere for optical transmission and astronomical observations.
format	article
author	Manman Xu Shiyong Shao Ningquan Weng Liangping Zhou Qing Liu Yuefeng Zhao
author_facet	Manman Xu Shiyong Shao Ningquan Weng Liangping Zhou Qing Liu Yuefeng Zhao
author_sort	Manman Xu
title	Atmospheric Optical Turbulence Characteristics over the Ocean Relevant to Astronomy and Atmospheric Physics
title_short	Atmospheric Optical Turbulence Characteristics over the Ocean Relevant to Astronomy and Atmospheric Physics
title_full	Atmospheric Optical Turbulence Characteristics over the Ocean Relevant to Astronomy and Atmospheric Physics
title_fullStr	Atmospheric Optical Turbulence Characteristics over the Ocean Relevant to Astronomy and Atmospheric Physics
title_full_unstemmed	Atmospheric Optical Turbulence Characteristics over the Ocean Relevant to Astronomy and Atmospheric Physics
title_sort	atmospheric optical turbulence characteristics over the ocean relevant to astronomy and atmospheric physics
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b2865346437f4324a83953fcdd2dd5e1
work_keys_str_mv	AT manmanxu atmosphericopticalturbulencecharacteristicsovertheoceanrelevanttoastronomyandatmosphericphysics AT shiyongshao atmosphericopticalturbulencecharacteristicsovertheoceanrelevanttoastronomyandatmosphericphysics AT ningquanweng atmosphericopticalturbulencecharacteristicsovertheoceanrelevanttoastronomyandatmosphericphysics AT liangpingzhou atmosphericopticalturbulencecharacteristicsovertheoceanrelevanttoastronomyandatmosphericphysics AT qingliu atmosphericopticalturbulencecharacteristicsovertheoceanrelevanttoastronomyandatmosphericphysics AT yuefengzhao atmosphericopticalturbulencecharacteristicsovertheoceanrelevanttoastronomyandatmosphericphysics
_version_	1718413160423096320

Atmospheric Optical Turbulence Characteristics over the Ocean Relevant to Astronomy and Atmospheric Physics

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