Comparisons among three diet analyses demonstrate multiple patterns in the estimated adult diet of a freshwater piscivore, Salvelinus namaycush

Understanding trophic interactions is critical for successful resource management. However, studying diet patterns (e.g., spatial and seasonal changes) can require extensive effort. Using individual analyses to interpret patterns may be further complicated by assumptions and limitations of the analy...

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Autores principales:	Matthew H. Futia, Scott F. Colborne, Aaron T. Fisk, Dimitry Gorsky, Timothy B. Johnson, Brian F. Lantry, Jana R. Lantry, Jacques Rinchard
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Stomach contents Stable isotopes Fatty acids Lake trout Lake Ontario Ecology QH540-549.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b287ff3926864a92a84892b171bcae70
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b287ff3926864a92a84892b171bcae702021-12-01T04:52:11ZComparisons among three diet analyses demonstrate multiple patterns in the estimated adult diet of a freshwater piscivore, Salvelinus namaycush1470-160X10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.107728https://doaj.org/article/b287ff3926864a92a84892b171bcae702021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X21003939https://doaj.org/toc/1470-160XUnderstanding trophic interactions is critical for successful resource management. However, studying diet patterns (e.g., spatial and seasonal changes) can require extensive effort. Using individual analyses to interpret patterns may be further complicated by assumptions and limitations of the analytical approach. We investigated and compared predicted adult lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) diet composition and patterns using stomach content analysis (SCA), fatty acid analysis (FAS), and stable isotope analysis (SIA) individually and simultaneously. The three analyses were conducted for fall-captured fish in Lake Ontario and provided different diet composition estimates; SCA suggested alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) was dominant by frequency and mass, while FAA and SIA suggested rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) contributed the most based on similarity among fatty acid signatures and two-stable isotope (carbon and nitrogen) mixing models, respectively. We hypothesize the disagreement among diet estimates is a result of a seasonal shift in diet variably expressed due to differing extent of time reflected by the diet metric: hours to days for SCA, weeks to months for FAA and several months for SIA. Despite variability in diet composition estimates among methods, similar patterns in lake trout diet were observed among the three diet analyses; the contribution of alewife in lake trout diet was greater for larger individuals and for males compared to females, particularly in the east and northeast regions of the lake where alewife density was relatively low. Thus, the complementary results from the three analyses suggest that length, location, sex, and season all influence lake trout diet. Individually, analyses often failed to identify these patterns in lake trout diet with significance, and some of the patterns have not been observed in previous studies of lake trout diet in Lake Ontario. The thorough description of lake trout diet obtained from a single sampling season demonstrates how simultaneous use of multiple diet analyses may allow investigation of spatial and seasonal diet composition and with reduced sampling effort.Matthew H. FutiaScott F. ColborneAaron T. FiskDimitry GorskyTimothy B. JohnsonBrian F. LantryJana R. LantryJacques RinchardElsevierarticleStomach contentsStable isotopesFatty acidsLake troutLake OntarioEcologyQH540-549.5ENEcological Indicators, Vol 127, Iss , Pp 107728- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Stomach contents Stable isotopes Fatty acids Lake trout Lake Ontario Ecology QH540-549.5
spellingShingle	Stomach contents Stable isotopes Fatty acids Lake trout Lake Ontario Ecology QH540-549.5 Matthew H. Futia Scott F. Colborne Aaron T. Fisk Dimitry Gorsky Timothy B. Johnson Brian F. Lantry Jana R. Lantry Jacques Rinchard Comparisons among three diet analyses demonstrate multiple patterns in the estimated adult diet of a freshwater piscivore, Salvelinus namaycush
description	Understanding trophic interactions is critical for successful resource management. However, studying diet patterns (e.g., spatial and seasonal changes) can require extensive effort. Using individual analyses to interpret patterns may be further complicated by assumptions and limitations of the analytical approach. We investigated and compared predicted adult lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) diet composition and patterns using stomach content analysis (SCA), fatty acid analysis (FAS), and stable isotope analysis (SIA) individually and simultaneously. The three analyses were conducted for fall-captured fish in Lake Ontario and provided different diet composition estimates; SCA suggested alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) was dominant by frequency and mass, while FAA and SIA suggested rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) contributed the most based on similarity among fatty acid signatures and two-stable isotope (carbon and nitrogen) mixing models, respectively. We hypothesize the disagreement among diet estimates is a result of a seasonal shift in diet variably expressed due to differing extent of time reflected by the diet metric: hours to days for SCA, weeks to months for FAA and several months for SIA. Despite variability in diet composition estimates among methods, similar patterns in lake trout diet were observed among the three diet analyses; the contribution of alewife in lake trout diet was greater for larger individuals and for males compared to females, particularly in the east and northeast regions of the lake where alewife density was relatively low. Thus, the complementary results from the three analyses suggest that length, location, sex, and season all influence lake trout diet. Individually, analyses often failed to identify these patterns in lake trout diet with significance, and some of the patterns have not been observed in previous studies of lake trout diet in Lake Ontario. The thorough description of lake trout diet obtained from a single sampling season demonstrates how simultaneous use of multiple diet analyses may allow investigation of spatial and seasonal diet composition and with reduced sampling effort.
format	article
author	Matthew H. Futia Scott F. Colborne Aaron T. Fisk Dimitry Gorsky Timothy B. Johnson Brian F. Lantry Jana R. Lantry Jacques Rinchard
author_facet	Matthew H. Futia Scott F. Colborne Aaron T. Fisk Dimitry Gorsky Timothy B. Johnson Brian F. Lantry Jana R. Lantry Jacques Rinchard
author_sort	Matthew H. Futia
title	Comparisons among three diet analyses demonstrate multiple patterns in the estimated adult diet of a freshwater piscivore, Salvelinus namaycush
title_short	Comparisons among three diet analyses demonstrate multiple patterns in the estimated adult diet of a freshwater piscivore, Salvelinus namaycush
title_full	Comparisons among three diet analyses demonstrate multiple patterns in the estimated adult diet of a freshwater piscivore, Salvelinus namaycush
title_fullStr	Comparisons among three diet analyses demonstrate multiple patterns in the estimated adult diet of a freshwater piscivore, Salvelinus namaycush
title_full_unstemmed	Comparisons among three diet analyses demonstrate multiple patterns in the estimated adult diet of a freshwater piscivore, Salvelinus namaycush
title_sort	comparisons among three diet analyses demonstrate multiple patterns in the estimated adult diet of a freshwater piscivore, salvelinus namaycush
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b287ff3926864a92a84892b171bcae70
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Comparisons among three diet analyses demonstrate multiple patterns in the estimated adult diet of a freshwater piscivore, Salvelinus namaycush

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