Development of a twenty-first century skills scale for agri varsities

A new twenty-first century skills framework and a 19-item scale was developed to bridge the gap between science and practice. A self-reporting 19-item scale was developed to measure twenty-first century skills of faculty and non-faculty staff of agri varsities. A total of 49 items were generated usi...

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Autores principales:	Muhammad Sabih Javed, Muhammad Razzaq Athar, Abdul Saboor
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Taylor & Francis Group 2019
Materias:	twenty-first century skills twenty-first century skills framework twenty-first century skills scale twenty-first century competencies Business HF5001-6182 Management. Industrial management HD28-70
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b2a21f91ab07414e860fc7a531080d50
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b2a21f91ab07414e860fc7a531080d502021-12-02T16:07:36ZDevelopment of a twenty-first century skills scale for agri varsities2331-197510.1080/23311975.2019.1692485https://doaj.org/article/b2a21f91ab07414e860fc7a531080d502019-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2019.1692485https://doaj.org/toc/2331-1975A new twenty-first century skills framework and a 19-item scale was developed to bridge the gap between science and practice. A self-reporting 19-item scale was developed to measure twenty-first century skills of faculty and non-faculty staff of agri varsities. A total of 49 items were generated using deduction approach for four skills: communication and collaboration, leadership and responsibility, problem-solving and decision-making, and creativity and innovation. Two content validity techniques were used that reduced the number of items to 29. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted in Mplus and items with poor loadings and cross-loadings were removed in each round. After five rounds of EFA, a promising 19-item scale was identified that fit the data well based on multiple model fit indices. Confirmatory factor analysis further confirmed the construct validity of the items and a four construct scale was identified where creativity was the only skill that failed to load. The reliability of the scale was measured using Cronbach’s alpha which was above 0.70 for all the factors. Convergent and discriminant validity was analyzed using AVE, shared variance, and factor loadings. The implication and limitations of the scale were discussed.Muhammad Sabih JavedMuhammad Razzaq AtharAbdul SaboorTaylor & Francis Grouparticletwenty-first century skillstwenty-first century skills frameworktwenty-first century skills scaletwenty-first century competenciestwenty-first century skillsBusinessHF5001-6182Management. Industrial managementHD28-70ENCogent Business & Management, Vol 6, Iss 1 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	twenty-first century skills twenty-first century skills framework twenty-first century skills scale twenty-first century competencies twenty-first century skills Business HF5001-6182 Management. Industrial management HD28-70
spellingShingle	twenty-first century skills twenty-first century skills framework twenty-first century skills scale twenty-first century competencies twenty-first century skills Business HF5001-6182 Management. Industrial management HD28-70 Muhammad Sabih Javed Muhammad Razzaq Athar Abdul Saboor Development of a twenty-first century skills scale for agri varsities
description	A new twenty-first century skills framework and a 19-item scale was developed to bridge the gap between science and practice. A self-reporting 19-item scale was developed to measure twenty-first century skills of faculty and non-faculty staff of agri varsities. A total of 49 items were generated using deduction approach for four skills: communication and collaboration, leadership and responsibility, problem-solving and decision-making, and creativity and innovation. Two content validity techniques were used that reduced the number of items to 29. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted in Mplus and items with poor loadings and cross-loadings were removed in each round. After five rounds of EFA, a promising 19-item scale was identified that fit the data well based on multiple model fit indices. Confirmatory factor analysis further confirmed the construct validity of the items and a four construct scale was identified where creativity was the only skill that failed to load. The reliability of the scale was measured using Cronbach’s alpha which was above 0.70 for all the factors. Convergent and discriminant validity was analyzed using AVE, shared variance, and factor loadings. The implication and limitations of the scale were discussed.
format	article
author	Muhammad Sabih Javed Muhammad Razzaq Athar Abdul Saboor
author_facet	Muhammad Sabih Javed Muhammad Razzaq Athar Abdul Saboor
author_sort	Muhammad Sabih Javed
title	Development of a twenty-first century skills scale for agri varsities
title_short	Development of a twenty-first century skills scale for agri varsities
title_full	Development of a twenty-first century skills scale for agri varsities
title_fullStr	Development of a twenty-first century skills scale for agri varsities
title_full_unstemmed	Development of a twenty-first century skills scale for agri varsities
title_sort	development of a twenty-first century skills scale for agri varsities
publisher	Taylor & Francis Group
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/b2a21f91ab07414e860fc7a531080d50
work_keys_str_mv	AT muhammadsabihjaved developmentofatwentyfirstcenturyskillsscaleforagrivarsities AT muhammadrazzaqathar developmentofatwentyfirstcenturyskillsscaleforagrivarsities AT abdulsaboor developmentofatwentyfirstcenturyskillsscaleforagrivarsities
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Development of a twenty-first century skills scale for agri varsities

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