GNSS Vulnerabilities and Existing Solutions: A Review of the Literature

This literature review paper focuses on existing vulnerabilities associated with global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs). With respect to the civilian/non encrypted GNSSs, they are employed for proving positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) solutions across a wide range of industries. Some of...

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Autores principales:	Jasmine Zidan, Elijah I. Adegoke, Erik Kampert, Stewart A. Birrell, Col R. Ford, Matthew D. Higgins
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	IEEE 2021
Materias:	GNSS GNSS vulnerabilities GNSS robustness positioning navigation timing Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b2a3d146bfc34eeda9cbd2beaee6c976
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b2a3d146bfc34eeda9cbd2beaee6c9762021-11-24T00:03:27ZGNSS Vulnerabilities and Existing Solutions: A Review of the Literature2169-353610.1109/ACCESS.2020.2973759https://doaj.org/article/b2a3d146bfc34eeda9cbd2beaee6c9762021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8998218/https://doaj.org/toc/2169-3536This literature review paper focuses on existing vulnerabilities associated with global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs). With respect to the civilian/non encrypted GNSSs, they are employed for proving positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) solutions across a wide range of industries. Some of these include electric power grids, stock exchange systems, cellular communications, agriculture, unmanned aerial systems and intelligent transportation systems. In this survey paper, physical degradations, existing threats and solutions adopted in academia and industry are presented. In regards to GNSS threats, jamming and spoofing attacks as well as detection techniques adopted in the literature are surveyed and summarized. Also discussed are multipath propagation in GNSS and non line-of-sight (NLoS) detection techniques. The review also identifies and discusses open research areas and techniques which can be investigated for the purpose of enhancing the robustness of GNSS.Jasmine ZidanElijah I. AdegokeErik KampertStewart A. BirrellCol R. FordMatthew D. HigginsIEEEarticleGNSSGNSS vulnerabilitiesGNSS robustnesspositioningnavigationtimingElectrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringTK1-9971ENIEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 153960-153976 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	GNSS GNSS vulnerabilities GNSS robustness positioning navigation timing Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971
spellingShingle	GNSS GNSS vulnerabilities GNSS robustness positioning navigation timing Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Jasmine Zidan Elijah I. Adegoke Erik Kampert Stewart A. Birrell Col R. Ford Matthew D. Higgins GNSS Vulnerabilities and Existing Solutions: A Review of the Literature
description	This literature review paper focuses on existing vulnerabilities associated with global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs). With respect to the civilian/non encrypted GNSSs, they are employed for proving positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) solutions across a wide range of industries. Some of these include electric power grids, stock exchange systems, cellular communications, agriculture, unmanned aerial systems and intelligent transportation systems. In this survey paper, physical degradations, existing threats and solutions adopted in academia and industry are presented. In regards to GNSS threats, jamming and spoofing attacks as well as detection techniques adopted in the literature are surveyed and summarized. Also discussed are multipath propagation in GNSS and non line-of-sight (NLoS) detection techniques. The review also identifies and discusses open research areas and techniques which can be investigated for the purpose of enhancing the robustness of GNSS.
format	article
author	Jasmine Zidan Elijah I. Adegoke Erik Kampert Stewart A. Birrell Col R. Ford Matthew D. Higgins
author_facet	Jasmine Zidan Elijah I. Adegoke Erik Kampert Stewart A. Birrell Col R. Ford Matthew D. Higgins
author_sort	Jasmine Zidan
title	GNSS Vulnerabilities and Existing Solutions: A Review of the Literature
title_short	GNSS Vulnerabilities and Existing Solutions: A Review of the Literature
title_full	GNSS Vulnerabilities and Existing Solutions: A Review of the Literature
title_fullStr	GNSS Vulnerabilities and Existing Solutions: A Review of the Literature
title_full_unstemmed	GNSS Vulnerabilities and Existing Solutions: A Review of the Literature
title_sort	gnss vulnerabilities and existing solutions: a review of the literature
publisher	IEEE
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b2a3d146bfc34eeda9cbd2beaee6c976
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GNSS Vulnerabilities and Existing Solutions: A Review of the Literature

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