Perinatal complications and maximising lamb survival in an adolescent paradigm characterised by premature delivery and low birthweight

The competition for nutrients in overnourished and still-growing adolescent sheep negatively impacts gestation length, colostrum supply and lamb birthweight, all of which may affect neonatal morbidity and survival to weaning. Herein perinatal complications and the requirement for supplementary feedi...

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Autores principales:	Jacqueline M. Wallace, Paul O. Shepherd, John S. Milne, Raymond P. Aitken
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b2b040200f034963beeccb7caa77827d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b2b040200f034963beeccb7caa77827d2021-11-25T06:10:57ZPerinatal complications and maximising lamb survival in an adolescent paradigm characterised by premature delivery and low birthweight1932-6203https://doaj.org/article/b2b040200f034963beeccb7caa77827d2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8592415/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203The competition for nutrients in overnourished and still-growing adolescent sheep negatively impacts gestation length, colostrum supply and lamb birthweight, all of which may affect neonatal morbidity and survival to weaning. Herein perinatal complications and the requirement for supplementary feeding were analysed in relation to gestational-intake, and the degree of premature delivery and prenatal growth-restriction exhibited. Pregnancies were established by embryo transfer and the mean/standard deviation (SD) gestation length and birthweight of the optimally-fed control group (n = 100) was used to define early delivery and reduced birthweight categories (1.5 and 3.0 SDs below the control mean for each aspect). Control lambs were largely delivered at term (94%), and had a normal birthweight (92%), while very preterm (≤139days, 18.5%) and preterm delivery (140-142days, 54.8%), extremely low birthweight (ELBW; females ≤2838g and males ≤3216g, 21.1%) and low birthweight (LBW; females 2839 to ≤4001g and males 3217 to ≤4372g, 32.2%), were common in the overnourished group (n = 270, P<0.001). Accordingly, overnourished dams were more likely to lamb without assistance while the incidence of major dystocia was greater in controls. Initial lamb vigour at birth was independent of gestational-intake, delivery or birthweight category but both ELBW and very premature lambs required more assistance with feeding in the first 24h postnatal, primarily reflecting low colostrum availability. Indeed, relative to normal, ELBW lambs had a greater risk of experiencing mismothering, and enhanced likelihood of requiring supplementary feeding throughout the neonatal period (P<0.001). ELBW lambs also had a greater possibility of respiratory issues at birth (P<0.01) and renal complications (P<0.001), while very preterm delivery was associated with an increased risk of gastrointestinal tract problems (P<0.01). In spite of these complications, all-cause mortality was low (5.4%) suggesting that our proactive neonatal care regime can overcome many of the issues associated with extreme prematurity and low birthweight.Jacqueline M. WallacePaul O. ShepherdJohn S. MilneRaymond P. AitkenPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jacqueline M. Wallace Paul O. Shepherd John S. Milne Raymond P. Aitken Perinatal complications and maximising lamb survival in an adolescent paradigm characterised by premature delivery and low birthweight
description	The competition for nutrients in overnourished and still-growing adolescent sheep negatively impacts gestation length, colostrum supply and lamb birthweight, all of which may affect neonatal morbidity and survival to weaning. Herein perinatal complications and the requirement for supplementary feeding were analysed in relation to gestational-intake, and the degree of premature delivery and prenatal growth-restriction exhibited. Pregnancies were established by embryo transfer and the mean/standard deviation (SD) gestation length and birthweight of the optimally-fed control group (n = 100) was used to define early delivery and reduced birthweight categories (1.5 and 3.0 SDs below the control mean for each aspect). Control lambs were largely delivered at term (94%), and had a normal birthweight (92%), while very preterm (≤139days, 18.5%) and preterm delivery (140-142days, 54.8%), extremely low birthweight (ELBW; females ≤2838g and males ≤3216g, 21.1%) and low birthweight (LBW; females 2839 to ≤4001g and males 3217 to ≤4372g, 32.2%), were common in the overnourished group (n = 270, P<0.001). Accordingly, overnourished dams were more likely to lamb without assistance while the incidence of major dystocia was greater in controls. Initial lamb vigour at birth was independent of gestational-intake, delivery or birthweight category but both ELBW and very premature lambs required more assistance with feeding in the first 24h postnatal, primarily reflecting low colostrum availability. Indeed, relative to normal, ELBW lambs had a greater risk of experiencing mismothering, and enhanced likelihood of requiring supplementary feeding throughout the neonatal period (P<0.001). ELBW lambs also had a greater possibility of respiratory issues at birth (P<0.01) and renal complications (P<0.001), while very preterm delivery was associated with an increased risk of gastrointestinal tract problems (P<0.01). In spite of these complications, all-cause mortality was low (5.4%) suggesting that our proactive neonatal care regime can overcome many of the issues associated with extreme prematurity and low birthweight.
format	article
author	Jacqueline M. Wallace Paul O. Shepherd John S. Milne Raymond P. Aitken
author_facet	Jacqueline M. Wallace Paul O. Shepherd John S. Milne Raymond P. Aitken
author_sort	Jacqueline M. Wallace
title	Perinatal complications and maximising lamb survival in an adolescent paradigm characterised by premature delivery and low birthweight
title_short	Perinatal complications and maximising lamb survival in an adolescent paradigm characterised by premature delivery and low birthweight
title_full	Perinatal complications and maximising lamb survival in an adolescent paradigm characterised by premature delivery and low birthweight
title_fullStr	Perinatal complications and maximising lamb survival in an adolescent paradigm characterised by premature delivery and low birthweight
title_full_unstemmed	Perinatal complications and maximising lamb survival in an adolescent paradigm characterised by premature delivery and low birthweight
title_sort	perinatal complications and maximising lamb survival in an adolescent paradigm characterised by premature delivery and low birthweight
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b2b040200f034963beeccb7caa77827d
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Perinatal complications and maximising lamb survival in an adolescent paradigm characterised by premature delivery and low birthweight

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