Aerobic exercise training reduces cannabis craving and use in non-treatment seeking cannabis-dependent adults.

<h4>Background</h4>Cannabis dependence is a significant public health problem. Because there are no approved medications for this condition, treatment must rely on behavioral approaches empirically complemented by such lifestyle change as exercise.<h4>Aims</h4>To examine the...

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Autores principales:	Maciej S Buchowski, Natalie N Meade, Evonne Charboneau, Sohee Park, Mary S Dietrich, Ronald L Cowan, Peter R Martin
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b2bc057555e541fda7e2b1b2e9c93bca
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b2bc057555e541fda7e2b1b2e9c93bca2021-11-18T06:57:37ZAerobic exercise training reduces cannabis craving and use in non-treatment seeking cannabis-dependent adults.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0017465https://doaj.org/article/b2bc057555e541fda7e2b1b2e9c93bca2011-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21408154/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Cannabis dependence is a significant public health problem. Because there are no approved medications for this condition, treatment must rely on behavioral approaches empirically complemented by such lifestyle change as exercise.<h4>Aims</h4>To examine the effects of moderate aerobic exercise on cannabis craving and use in cannabis dependent adults under normal living conditions.<h4>Design</h4>Participants attended 10 supervised 30-min treadmill exercise sessions standardized using heart rate (HR) monitoring (60-70% HR reserve) over 2 weeks. Exercise sessions were conducted by exercise physiologists under medical oversight.<h4>Participants</h4>Sedentary or minimally active non-treatment seeking cannabis-dependent adults (n = 12, age 25±3 years, 8 females) met criteria for primary cannabis dependence using the Substance Abuse module of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID).<h4>Measurements</h4>Self-reported drug use was assessed for 1-week before, during, and 2-weeks after the study. Participants viewed visual cannabis cues before and after exercise in conjunction with assessment of subjective cannabis craving using the Marijuana Craving Questionnaire (MCQ-SF).<h4>Findings</h4>Daily cannabis use within the run-in period was 5.9 joints per day (SD = 3.1, range 1.8-10.9). Average cannabis use levels within the exercise (2.8 joints, SD = 1.6, range 0.9-5.4) and follow-up (4.1 joints, SD = 2.5, range 1.1-9.5) periods were lower than during the run-in period (both P<.005). Average MCQ factor scores for the pre- and post-exercise craving assessments were reduced for compulsivity (P = .006), emotionality (P = .002), expectancy (P = .002), and purposefulness (P = .002).<h4>Conclusions</h4>The findings of this pilot study warrant larger, adequately powered controlled trials to test the efficacy of prescribed moderate aerobic exercise as a component of cannabis dependence treatment. The neurobiological mechanisms that account for these beneficial effects on cannabis use may lead to understanding of the physical and emotional underpinnings of cannabis dependence and recovery from this disorder.<h4>Trial registration</h4>ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00838448].Maciej S BuchowskiNatalie N MeadeEvonne CharboneauSohee ParkMary S DietrichRonald L CowanPeter R MartinPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 3, p e17465 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Maciej S Buchowski Natalie N Meade Evonne Charboneau Sohee Park Mary S Dietrich Ronald L Cowan Peter R Martin Aerobic exercise training reduces cannabis craving and use in non-treatment seeking cannabis-dependent adults.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Cannabis dependence is a significant public health problem. Because there are no approved medications for this condition, treatment must rely on behavioral approaches empirically complemented by such lifestyle change as exercise.<h4>Aims</h4>To examine the effects of moderate aerobic exercise on cannabis craving and use in cannabis dependent adults under normal living conditions.<h4>Design</h4>Participants attended 10 supervised 30-min treadmill exercise sessions standardized using heart rate (HR) monitoring (60-70% HR reserve) over 2 weeks. Exercise sessions were conducted by exercise physiologists under medical oversight.<h4>Participants</h4>Sedentary or minimally active non-treatment seeking cannabis-dependent adults (n = 12, age 25±3 years, 8 females) met criteria for primary cannabis dependence using the Substance Abuse module of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID).<h4>Measurements</h4>Self-reported drug use was assessed for 1-week before, during, and 2-weeks after the study. Participants viewed visual cannabis cues before and after exercise in conjunction with assessment of subjective cannabis craving using the Marijuana Craving Questionnaire (MCQ-SF).<h4>Findings</h4>Daily cannabis use within the run-in period was 5.9 joints per day (SD = 3.1, range 1.8-10.9). Average cannabis use levels within the exercise (2.8 joints, SD = 1.6, range 0.9-5.4) and follow-up (4.1 joints, SD = 2.5, range 1.1-9.5) periods were lower than during the run-in period (both P<.005). Average MCQ factor scores for the pre- and post-exercise craving assessments were reduced for compulsivity (P = .006), emotionality (P = .002), expectancy (P = .002), and purposefulness (P = .002).<h4>Conclusions</h4>The findings of this pilot study warrant larger, adequately powered controlled trials to test the efficacy of prescribed moderate aerobic exercise as a component of cannabis dependence treatment. The neurobiological mechanisms that account for these beneficial effects on cannabis use may lead to understanding of the physical and emotional underpinnings of cannabis dependence and recovery from this disorder.<h4>Trial registration</h4>ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00838448].
format	article
author	Maciej S Buchowski Natalie N Meade Evonne Charboneau Sohee Park Mary S Dietrich Ronald L Cowan Peter R Martin
author_facet	Maciej S Buchowski Natalie N Meade Evonne Charboneau Sohee Park Mary S Dietrich Ronald L Cowan Peter R Martin
author_sort	Maciej S Buchowski
title	Aerobic exercise training reduces cannabis craving and use in non-treatment seeking cannabis-dependent adults.
title_short	Aerobic exercise training reduces cannabis craving and use in non-treatment seeking cannabis-dependent adults.
title_full	Aerobic exercise training reduces cannabis craving and use in non-treatment seeking cannabis-dependent adults.
title_fullStr	Aerobic exercise training reduces cannabis craving and use in non-treatment seeking cannabis-dependent adults.
title_full_unstemmed	Aerobic exercise training reduces cannabis craving and use in non-treatment seeking cannabis-dependent adults.
title_sort	aerobic exercise training reduces cannabis craving and use in non-treatment seeking cannabis-dependent adults.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/b2bc057555e541fda7e2b1b2e9c93bca
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Aerobic exercise training reduces cannabis craving and use in non-treatment seeking cannabis-dependent adults.

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