Potential injurious effects of the fine particulate PM2.5 on the progression of atherosclerosis in apoE-deficient mice by activating platelets and leukocytes

Introduction Exposure to the fine particulate matter PM2.5 is strongly associated with atherosclerotic diseases, creating considerable public concern. Nevertheless, the mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. We exposed atherosclerosis-prone apoE-deficient mice to PM2.5 to begin investigating the...

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Autores principales:	Xuecan Zhu, Pei Zhao, Yonggang Lu, Lijing Huo, Mingchen Bai, Fang Yu, Yanqing Tie
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Termedia Publishing House 2018
Materias:	inflammation pm2.5 atherosclerosis platelets m1 m2 macrophages m1 m2 macrophages Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b2d06904ab994c44b2f5cbdcaf58ac72
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b2d06904ab994c44b2f5cbdcaf58ac722021-12-02T18:39:09ZPotential injurious effects of the fine particulate PM2.5 on the progression of atherosclerosis in apoE-deficient mice by activating platelets and leukocytes1734-19221896-915110.5114/aoms.2018.81039https://doaj.org/article/b2d06904ab994c44b2f5cbdcaf58ac722018-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.archivesofmedicalscience.com/Potential-injurious-effects-of-the-fine-particulate-PM2-5-on-the-progression-of-atherosclerosis,91876,0,2.htmlhttps://doaj.org/toc/1734-1922https://doaj.org/toc/1896-9151Introduction Exposure to the fine particulate matter PM2.5 is strongly associated with atherosclerotic diseases, creating considerable public concern. Nevertheless, the mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. We exposed atherosclerosis-prone apoE-deficient mice to PM2.5 to begin investigating these mechanisms. Material and methods Thirty-two 8-week-old male apoE –/– mice were divided to two groups fed with high-fat diet: a control group instilled with 0.9% saline, and an experimental group instilled with PM2.5 (30 mg/kg/day) for 8 weeks. We measured PM2.5 in whole blood by the ICP-MS method, and lipids and inflammatory factors by standard methods. The whole descending arteries were stained with oil red O; Aortic roots were stained with Movat, Sirius Red and immunohistochemical stains for pathological analysis; Brachiocephalic arteries for scanning electron microscopy, the descending arteries for Q-PCR. Echocardiography was used to evaluate cardiac function. Results In PM2.5 group, we observed elevated heavy metal components, consistent with higher amounts of platelets in total blood. The PM2.5 group also had elevated serum inflammatory factor levels. Finally, the PM2.5 group showed larger atherosclerotic plaques (p = 0.0231), higher numbers of lesion macrophages (p = 0.0183), greater injury to endothelial layers with greater adherence of platelets and leukocytes, elevated inflammatory factor levels, the NAD(P)H oxidase subunits p22phox and p47phox (p = 0.0079 and p = 0.0294), the M1/M2 associated markers IL-6, TNF-α (p = 0.0291, p = 0.0286), iNOS, IL-12 (p = 0.0122 and p = 0.0280) and arginase-1, and CD206 (p = 0.0216 and p = 0.0317). Conclusions PM2.5 exposure activated circulating leukocytes, platelets and associated inflammatory factors, contributing to the progression of atherosclerosis in apoE –/– mice.Xuecan ZhuPei ZhaoYonggang LuLijing HuoMingchen BaiFang YuYanqing TieTermedia Publishing Housearticleinflammationpm2.5atherosclerosisplateletsm1 m2 macrophagesm1m2 macrophagesMedicineRENArchives of Medical Science, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 250-261 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	inflammation pm2.5 atherosclerosis platelets m1 m2 macrophages m1 m2 macrophages Medicine R
spellingShingle	inflammation pm2.5 atherosclerosis platelets m1 m2 macrophages m1 m2 macrophages Medicine R Xuecan Zhu Pei Zhao Yonggang Lu Lijing Huo Mingchen Bai Fang Yu Yanqing Tie Potential injurious effects of the fine particulate PM2.5 on the progression of atherosclerosis in apoE-deficient mice by activating platelets and leukocytes
description	Introduction Exposure to the fine particulate matter PM2.5 is strongly associated with atherosclerotic diseases, creating considerable public concern. Nevertheless, the mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. We exposed atherosclerosis-prone apoE-deficient mice to PM2.5 to begin investigating these mechanisms. Material and methods Thirty-two 8-week-old male apoE –/– mice were divided to two groups fed with high-fat diet: a control group instilled with 0.9% saline, and an experimental group instilled with PM2.5 (30 mg/kg/day) for 8 weeks. We measured PM2.5 in whole blood by the ICP-MS method, and lipids and inflammatory factors by standard methods. The whole descending arteries were stained with oil red O; Aortic roots were stained with Movat, Sirius Red and immunohistochemical stains for pathological analysis; Brachiocephalic arteries for scanning electron microscopy, the descending arteries for Q-PCR. Echocardiography was used to evaluate cardiac function. Results In PM2.5 group, we observed elevated heavy metal components, consistent with higher amounts of platelets in total blood. The PM2.5 group also had elevated serum inflammatory factor levels. Finally, the PM2.5 group showed larger atherosclerotic plaques (p = 0.0231), higher numbers of lesion macrophages (p = 0.0183), greater injury to endothelial layers with greater adherence of platelets and leukocytes, elevated inflammatory factor levels, the NAD(P)H oxidase subunits p22phox and p47phox (p = 0.0079 and p = 0.0294), the M1/M2 associated markers IL-6, TNF-α (p = 0.0291, p = 0.0286), iNOS, IL-12 (p = 0.0122 and p = 0.0280) and arginase-1, and CD206 (p = 0.0216 and p = 0.0317). Conclusions PM2.5 exposure activated circulating leukocytes, platelets and associated inflammatory factors, contributing to the progression of atherosclerosis in apoE –/– mice.
format	article
author	Xuecan Zhu Pei Zhao Yonggang Lu Lijing Huo Mingchen Bai Fang Yu Yanqing Tie
author_facet	Xuecan Zhu Pei Zhao Yonggang Lu Lijing Huo Mingchen Bai Fang Yu Yanqing Tie
author_sort	Xuecan Zhu
title	Potential injurious effects of the fine particulate PM2.5 on the progression of atherosclerosis in apoE-deficient mice by activating platelets and leukocytes
title_short	Potential injurious effects of the fine particulate PM2.5 on the progression of atherosclerosis in apoE-deficient mice by activating platelets and leukocytes
title_full	Potential injurious effects of the fine particulate PM2.5 on the progression of atherosclerosis in apoE-deficient mice by activating platelets and leukocytes
title_fullStr	Potential injurious effects of the fine particulate PM2.5 on the progression of atherosclerosis in apoE-deficient mice by activating platelets and leukocytes
title_full_unstemmed	Potential injurious effects of the fine particulate PM2.5 on the progression of atherosclerosis in apoE-deficient mice by activating platelets and leukocytes
title_sort	potential injurious effects of the fine particulate pm2.5 on the progression of atherosclerosis in apoe-deficient mice by activating platelets and leukocytes
publisher	Termedia Publishing House
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/b2d06904ab994c44b2f5cbdcaf58ac72
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Potential injurious effects of the fine particulate PM2.5 on the progression of atherosclerosis in apoE-deficient mice by activating platelets and leukocytes

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