Microbial Decontamination of Bee Pollen by Direct Ozone Exposure
The bee pollen is a complete and healthy food with important nutritional properties. Usually, bee pollen is consumed dehydrated, but it is possible to market it as fresh frozen pollen, favoring the maintenance of its properties and greatly increasing its palatability, compared to dried pollen. Howev...
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2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:b347c6426a85459d90745d4f5f7ce77b2021-11-25T17:33:10ZMicrobial Decontamination of Bee Pollen by Direct Ozone Exposure10.3390/foods101125932304-8158https://doaj.org/article/b347c6426a85459d90745d4f5f7ce77b2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/11/2593https://doaj.org/toc/2304-8158The bee pollen is a complete and healthy food with important nutritional properties. Usually, bee pollen is consumed dehydrated, but it is possible to market it as fresh frozen pollen, favoring the maintenance of its properties and greatly increasing its palatability, compared to dried pollen. However, fresh frozen pollen maintains a high microbiological load that can include some pathogenic genus to human health. In this work, ozonation combined with drying is applied to reduce the microbiological load. The lowest timing exposure to ozone (30 min) was chosen together with hot-air drying during 15 min to evaluate the shelf-life of treated bee-pollen under cold storage (4 °C), and initial reductions of 3, 1.5, and 1.7 log cycles were obtained for <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i>, mesophilic aerobes, and molds and yeasts counting, respectively. Six weeks after treatment the microbial load was held at a lower level than initially observed in fresh bee-pollen. In addition, ozone treatment did not have a negative impact on the polyphenols evaluated. Likewise, the sensory profile of the bee pollen under different treatments was studied. For all these assays the results have been favorable, so we can say that ozonation of fresh pollen is safe for human consumption, which maintains its polyphenols composition and organoleptically is better valued than dried pollen.Juan Ramón CabelloSalud SerranoInmaculada RodríguezAna Isabel García-ValcárcelMaría Dolores HernandoJosé Manuel FloresMDPI AGarticlebee pollenozonemicrobial decontaminationpolyphenolssensory analysisChemical technologyTP1-1185ENFoods, Vol 10, Iss 2593, p 2593 (2021) |
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bee pollen ozone microbial decontamination polyphenols sensory analysis Chemical technology TP1-1185 |
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bee pollen ozone microbial decontamination polyphenols sensory analysis Chemical technology TP1-1185 Juan Ramón Cabello Salud Serrano Inmaculada Rodríguez Ana Isabel García-Valcárcel María Dolores Hernando José Manuel Flores Microbial Decontamination of Bee Pollen by Direct Ozone Exposure |
| description |
The bee pollen is a complete and healthy food with important nutritional properties. Usually, bee pollen is consumed dehydrated, but it is possible to market it as fresh frozen pollen, favoring the maintenance of its properties and greatly increasing its palatability, compared to dried pollen. However, fresh frozen pollen maintains a high microbiological load that can include some pathogenic genus to human health. In this work, ozonation combined with drying is applied to reduce the microbiological load. The lowest timing exposure to ozone (30 min) was chosen together with hot-air drying during 15 min to evaluate the shelf-life of treated bee-pollen under cold storage (4 °C), and initial reductions of 3, 1.5, and 1.7 log cycles were obtained for <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i>, mesophilic aerobes, and molds and yeasts counting, respectively. Six weeks after treatment the microbial load was held at a lower level than initially observed in fresh bee-pollen. In addition, ozone treatment did not have a negative impact on the polyphenols evaluated. Likewise, the sensory profile of the bee pollen under different treatments was studied. For all these assays the results have been favorable, so we can say that ozonation of fresh pollen is safe for human consumption, which maintains its polyphenols composition and organoleptically is better valued than dried pollen. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Juan Ramón Cabello Salud Serrano Inmaculada Rodríguez Ana Isabel García-Valcárcel María Dolores Hernando José Manuel Flores |
| author_facet |
Juan Ramón Cabello Salud Serrano Inmaculada Rodríguez Ana Isabel García-Valcárcel María Dolores Hernando José Manuel Flores |
| author_sort |
Juan Ramón Cabello |
| title |
Microbial Decontamination of Bee Pollen by Direct Ozone Exposure |
| title_short |
Microbial Decontamination of Bee Pollen by Direct Ozone Exposure |
| title_full |
Microbial Decontamination of Bee Pollen by Direct Ozone Exposure |
| title_fullStr |
Microbial Decontamination of Bee Pollen by Direct Ozone Exposure |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Microbial Decontamination of Bee Pollen by Direct Ozone Exposure |
| title_sort |
microbial decontamination of bee pollen by direct ozone exposure |
| publisher |
MDPI AG |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/b347c6426a85459d90745d4f5f7ce77b |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT juanramoncabello microbialdecontaminationofbeepollenbydirectozoneexposure AT saludserrano microbialdecontaminationofbeepollenbydirectozoneexposure AT inmaculadarodriguez microbialdecontaminationofbeepollenbydirectozoneexposure AT anaisabelgarciavalcarcel microbialdecontaminationofbeepollenbydirectozoneexposure AT mariadoloreshernando microbialdecontaminationofbeepollenbydirectozoneexposure AT josemanuelflores microbialdecontaminationofbeepollenbydirectozoneexposure |
| _version_ |
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