The Abscopal Effects of Cranial Irradiation Induce Testicular Damage in Mice
To investigate whether the abscopal effects of cranial irradiation (C-irradiation) cause testicular damage in mice, male C57BL/6 mice (9weeks of age) were randomly divided into a sham irradiation group, a shielded group and a C-irradiation group and administered sham/shielded irradiation or C-irradi...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:b3827f6011e245229dbddc18bd3b32d42021-11-16T18:36:11ZThe Abscopal Effects of Cranial Irradiation Induce Testicular Damage in Mice1664-042X10.3389/fphys.2021.717571https://doaj.org/article/b3827f6011e245229dbddc18bd3b32d42021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2021.717571/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-042XTo investigate whether the abscopal effects of cranial irradiation (C-irradiation) cause testicular damage in mice, male C57BL/6 mice (9weeks of age) were randomly divided into a sham irradiation group, a shielded group and a C-irradiation group and administered sham/shielded irradiation or C-irradiation at a dose rate of 2.33Gy/min (5Gy/d for 4 d consecutively). All mice were sacrificed at 4weeks after C-irradiation. We calculated the testis index, observed testicular histology by haematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and observed testicular ultrastructure by transmission electron microscopy. Western blotting was used to determine the protein levels of Bax, Bcl-2, Cleaved caspase 3, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and stem cell factor (SCF) in the testes of mice. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to detect the expression of Cleaved caspase 3 and 3β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3βHSD), and a TUNEL assay was used to confirm the location of apoptotic cells. The levels of testosterone (T), GDNF and SCF were measured by ELISA. We also evaluated the sperm quality in the cauda epididymides by measuring the sperm count, abnormality, survival rate and apoptosis rate. The results showed that there was no significant difference in testicular histology, ultrastructure or sperm quality between the shielded group and sham group. Compared with the sham/shielded group, the C-irradiation group exhibited a lower testis index and severely damaged testicular histology and ultrastructure at 4weeks after C-irradiation. The levels of apoptosis in the testes increased markedly in the C-irradiation group, especially in spermatogonial stem cells. The levels of serum T and testicular 3βHSD did not obviously differ between the sham group and the C-irradiation group, but the levels of GDNF and SCF in the testes increased in the C-irradiation group, compared with the sham group. In addition, the sperm count and survival rate decreased in the C-irradiation group, while the abnormality and apoptosis rate increased. Under these experimental conditions, the abscopal effects of C-irradiation induced testicular damage with regard to both structure and function and ultimately decreased sperm quality in mice. These findings provide novel insights into prevention and treatment targets for male reproductive damage induced by C-irradiation.Ling GuoLing GuoTong-Zhou QinTong-Zhou QinLi-Yuan LiuLi-Yuan LiuPan-Pan LaiPan-Pan LaiYi-Zhe XueYi-Zhe XueYun-Tao JingYun-Tao JingWei ZhangWei ZhangWei LiJing LiJing LiGui-Rong DingGui-Rong DingFrontiers Media S.A.articlecranial irradiationabscopal effecttesticular damageapoptosissperm qualityPhysiologyQP1-981ENFrontiers in Physiology, Vol 12 (2021) |
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cranial irradiation abscopal effect testicular damage apoptosis sperm quality Physiology QP1-981 |
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cranial irradiation abscopal effect testicular damage apoptosis sperm quality Physiology QP1-981 Ling Guo Ling Guo Tong-Zhou Qin Tong-Zhou Qin Li-Yuan Liu Li-Yuan Liu Pan-Pan Lai Pan-Pan Lai Yi-Zhe Xue Yi-Zhe Xue Yun-Tao Jing Yun-Tao Jing Wei Zhang Wei Zhang Wei Li Jing Li Jing Li Gui-Rong Ding Gui-Rong Ding The Abscopal Effects of Cranial Irradiation Induce Testicular Damage in Mice |
| description |
To investigate whether the abscopal effects of cranial irradiation (C-irradiation) cause testicular damage in mice, male C57BL/6 mice (9weeks of age) were randomly divided into a sham irradiation group, a shielded group and a C-irradiation group and administered sham/shielded irradiation or C-irradiation at a dose rate of 2.33Gy/min (5Gy/d for 4 d consecutively). All mice were sacrificed at 4weeks after C-irradiation. We calculated the testis index, observed testicular histology by haematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and observed testicular ultrastructure by transmission electron microscopy. Western blotting was used to determine the protein levels of Bax, Bcl-2, Cleaved caspase 3, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and stem cell factor (SCF) in the testes of mice. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to detect the expression of Cleaved caspase 3 and 3β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3βHSD), and a TUNEL assay was used to confirm the location of apoptotic cells. The levels of testosterone (T), GDNF and SCF were measured by ELISA. We also evaluated the sperm quality in the cauda epididymides by measuring the sperm count, abnormality, survival rate and apoptosis rate. The results showed that there was no significant difference in testicular histology, ultrastructure or sperm quality between the shielded group and sham group. Compared with the sham/shielded group, the C-irradiation group exhibited a lower testis index and severely damaged testicular histology and ultrastructure at 4weeks after C-irradiation. The levels of apoptosis in the testes increased markedly in the C-irradiation group, especially in spermatogonial stem cells. The levels of serum T and testicular 3βHSD did not obviously differ between the sham group and the C-irradiation group, but the levels of GDNF and SCF in the testes increased in the C-irradiation group, compared with the sham group. In addition, the sperm count and survival rate decreased in the C-irradiation group, while the abnormality and apoptosis rate increased. Under these experimental conditions, the abscopal effects of C-irradiation induced testicular damage with regard to both structure and function and ultimately decreased sperm quality in mice. These findings provide novel insights into prevention and treatment targets for male reproductive damage induced by C-irradiation. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Ling Guo Ling Guo Tong-Zhou Qin Tong-Zhou Qin Li-Yuan Liu Li-Yuan Liu Pan-Pan Lai Pan-Pan Lai Yi-Zhe Xue Yi-Zhe Xue Yun-Tao Jing Yun-Tao Jing Wei Zhang Wei Zhang Wei Li Jing Li Jing Li Gui-Rong Ding Gui-Rong Ding |
| author_facet |
Ling Guo Ling Guo Tong-Zhou Qin Tong-Zhou Qin Li-Yuan Liu Li-Yuan Liu Pan-Pan Lai Pan-Pan Lai Yi-Zhe Xue Yi-Zhe Xue Yun-Tao Jing Yun-Tao Jing Wei Zhang Wei Zhang Wei Li Jing Li Jing Li Gui-Rong Ding Gui-Rong Ding |
| author_sort |
Ling Guo |
| title |
The Abscopal Effects of Cranial Irradiation Induce Testicular Damage in Mice |
| title_short |
The Abscopal Effects of Cranial Irradiation Induce Testicular Damage in Mice |
| title_full |
The Abscopal Effects of Cranial Irradiation Induce Testicular Damage in Mice |
| title_fullStr |
The Abscopal Effects of Cranial Irradiation Induce Testicular Damage in Mice |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The Abscopal Effects of Cranial Irradiation Induce Testicular Damage in Mice |
| title_sort |
abscopal effects of cranial irradiation induce testicular damage in mice |
| publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/b3827f6011e245229dbddc18bd3b32d4 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
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