Effect of Invasion of Borrelia burgdorferi in Normal and Neoplastic Mammary Epithelial Cells

Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme Disease, is known to be able to disseminate and colonize various organs and tissues of its hosts, which is very crucial for its pathogenicity and survival. Recent studies have shown the presence of B. burgdorferi...

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Autores principales:	Gauri Gaur, Janhavi Y. Sawant, Ankita S. Chavan, Vishwa A. Khatri, Yueh-Hsin Liu, Min Zhang, Eva Sapi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	Lyme disease breast cancer invasion EMT markers Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b38858d8ea2b4a48b60fc4bd1924f805
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b38858d8ea2b4a48b60fc4bd1924f8052021-11-25T16:22:15ZEffect of Invasion of <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i> in Normal and Neoplastic Mammary Epithelial Cells10.3390/antibiotics101112952079-6382https://doaj.org/article/b38858d8ea2b4a48b60fc4bd1924f8052021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/11/1295https://doaj.org/toc/2079-6382<i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i>, the causative agent of Lyme Disease, is known to be able to disseminate and colonize various organs and tissues of its hosts, which is very crucial for its pathogenicity and survival. Recent studies have shown the presence of <i>B. burgdorferi</i> DNA in various breast cancer tissues, in some with poor prognosis, which raises the question about whether <i>B. burgdorferi</i> can interact with mammary epithelial cells and could have any effect on their physiology, including tumorigenic processes. As the model in this study, we have used MCF 10A normal and MDA-MB-231 tumorigenic mammary epithelial cells and infected both cell lines with <i>B. burgdorferi</i>. Our immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy results showed that <i>B. burgdorferi</i> is capable of invading normal epithelial and breast carcinoma cell lines within 24 h; however, the infection rate for the breast carcinoma cell lines was significantly higher. While the infection of epithelial cells with <i>B. burgdorferi</i> did not cause any changes in cell proliferation rates, it showed a significant effect on the invasion and migratory capacity of the breast cancer cells, but not on the normal epithelial cells, as determined by Matrigel invasion and wound healing assays. We have also found that the levels of expression of several epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers (fibronectin, vimentin, and Twist1/2) changed, with a significant increase in tissue remodeling marker (MMP-9) in MDA-MB-231 cells demonstrated by quantitative Western blot analyses. This observation further confirmed that <i>B. burgdorferi</i> infection can affect the in vitro migratory and invasive properties of MDA-MB-231 tumorigenic mammary epithelial cells. In summary, our results suggest that <i>B. burgdorferi</i> can invade breast cancer tumor cells and it can increase their tumorigenic phenotype, which urges the need for further studies on whether <i>B. burgdorferi</i> could have any role in breast cancer development.Gauri GaurJanhavi Y. SawantAnkita S. ChavanVishwa A. KhatriYueh-Hsin LiuMin ZhangEva SapiMDPI AGarticleLyme diseasebreast cancerinvasionEMT markersTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENAntibiotics, Vol 10, Iss 1295, p 1295 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Lyme disease breast cancer invasion EMT markers Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
spellingShingle	Lyme disease breast cancer invasion EMT markers Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950 Gauri Gaur Janhavi Y. Sawant Ankita S. Chavan Vishwa A. Khatri Yueh-Hsin Liu Min Zhang Eva Sapi Effect of Invasion of <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i> in Normal and Neoplastic Mammary Epithelial Cells
description	<i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i>, the causative agent of Lyme Disease, is known to be able to disseminate and colonize various organs and tissues of its hosts, which is very crucial for its pathogenicity and survival. Recent studies have shown the presence of <i>B. burgdorferi</i> DNA in various breast cancer tissues, in some with poor prognosis, which raises the question about whether <i>B. burgdorferi</i> can interact with mammary epithelial cells and could have any effect on their physiology, including tumorigenic processes. As the model in this study, we have used MCF 10A normal and MDA-MB-231 tumorigenic mammary epithelial cells and infected both cell lines with <i>B. burgdorferi</i>. Our immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy results showed that <i>B. burgdorferi</i> is capable of invading normal epithelial and breast carcinoma cell lines within 24 h; however, the infection rate for the breast carcinoma cell lines was significantly higher. While the infection of epithelial cells with <i>B. burgdorferi</i> did not cause any changes in cell proliferation rates, it showed a significant effect on the invasion and migratory capacity of the breast cancer cells, but not on the normal epithelial cells, as determined by Matrigel invasion and wound healing assays. We have also found that the levels of expression of several epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers (fibronectin, vimentin, and Twist1/2) changed, with a significant increase in tissue remodeling marker (MMP-9) in MDA-MB-231 cells demonstrated by quantitative Western blot analyses. This observation further confirmed that <i>B. burgdorferi</i> infection can affect the in vitro migratory and invasive properties of MDA-MB-231 tumorigenic mammary epithelial cells. In summary, our results suggest that <i>B. burgdorferi</i> can invade breast cancer tumor cells and it can increase their tumorigenic phenotype, which urges the need for further studies on whether <i>B. burgdorferi</i> could have any role in breast cancer development.
format	article
author	Gauri Gaur Janhavi Y. Sawant Ankita S. Chavan Vishwa A. Khatri Yueh-Hsin Liu Min Zhang Eva Sapi
author_facet	Gauri Gaur Janhavi Y. Sawant Ankita S. Chavan Vishwa A. Khatri Yueh-Hsin Liu Min Zhang Eva Sapi
author_sort	Gauri Gaur
title	Effect of Invasion of <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i> in Normal and Neoplastic Mammary Epithelial Cells
title_short	Effect of Invasion of <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i> in Normal and Neoplastic Mammary Epithelial Cells
title_full	Effect of Invasion of <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i> in Normal and Neoplastic Mammary Epithelial Cells
title_fullStr	Effect of Invasion of <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i> in Normal and Neoplastic Mammary Epithelial Cells
title_full_unstemmed	Effect of Invasion of <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i> in Normal and Neoplastic Mammary Epithelial Cells
title_sort	effect of invasion of <i>borrelia burgdorferi</i> in normal and neoplastic mammary epithelial cells
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b38858d8ea2b4a48b60fc4bd1924f805
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Effect of Invasion of <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i> in Normal and Neoplastic Mammary Epithelial Cells

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