Perceptual rivalry: reflexes reveal the gradual nature of visual awareness.

Rivalry is a common tool to probe visual awareness: a constant physical stimulus evokes multiple, distinct perceptual interpretations ("percepts") that alternate over time. Percepts are typically described as mutually exclusive, suggesting that a discrete (all-or-none) process underlies ch...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Marnix Naber, Stefan Frässle, Wolfgang Einhäuser
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b3ad32cd762347b8ae042ba66f331870
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:b3ad32cd762347b8ae042ba66f331870
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b3ad32cd762347b8ae042ba66f3318702021-11-18T06:52:36ZPerceptual rivalry: reflexes reveal the gradual nature of visual awareness.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0020910https://doaj.org/article/b3ad32cd762347b8ae042ba66f3318702011-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21677786/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Rivalry is a common tool to probe visual awareness: a constant physical stimulus evokes multiple, distinct perceptual interpretations ("percepts") that alternate over time. Percepts are typically described as mutually exclusive, suggesting that a discrete (all-or-none) process underlies changes in visual awareness. Here we follow two strategies to address whether rivalry is an all-or-none process: first, we introduce two reflexes as objective measures of rivalry, pupil dilation and optokinetic nystagmus (OKN); second, we use a continuous input device (analog joystick) to allow observers a gradual subjective report. We find that the "reflexes" reflect the percept rather than the physical stimulus. Both reflexes show a gradual dependence on the time relative to perceptual transitions. Similarly, observers' joystick deflections, which are highly correlated with the reflex measures, indicate gradual transitions. Physically simulating wave-like transitions between percepts suggest piece-meal rivalry (i.e., different regions of space belonging to distinct percepts) as one possible explanation for the gradual transitions. Furthermore, the reflexes show that dominance durations depend on whether or not the percept is actively reported. In addition, reflexes respond to transitions with shorter latencies than the subjective report and show an abundance of short dominance durations. This failure to report fast changes in dominance may result from limited access of introspection to rivalry dynamics. In sum, reflexes reveal that rivalry is a gradual process, rivalry's dynamics is modulated by the required action (response mode), and that rapid transitions in perceptual dominance can slip away from awareness.Marnix NaberStefan FrässleWolfgang EinhäuserPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 6, p e20910 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Marnix Naber Stefan Frässle Wolfgang Einhäuser Perceptual rivalry: reflexes reveal the gradual nature of visual awareness.
description	Rivalry is a common tool to probe visual awareness: a constant physical stimulus evokes multiple, distinct perceptual interpretations ("percepts") that alternate over time. Percepts are typically described as mutually exclusive, suggesting that a discrete (all-or-none) process underlies changes in visual awareness. Here we follow two strategies to address whether rivalry is an all-or-none process: first, we introduce two reflexes as objective measures of rivalry, pupil dilation and optokinetic nystagmus (OKN); second, we use a continuous input device (analog joystick) to allow observers a gradual subjective report. We find that the "reflexes" reflect the percept rather than the physical stimulus. Both reflexes show a gradual dependence on the time relative to perceptual transitions. Similarly, observers' joystick deflections, which are highly correlated with the reflex measures, indicate gradual transitions. Physically simulating wave-like transitions between percepts suggest piece-meal rivalry (i.e., different regions of space belonging to distinct percepts) as one possible explanation for the gradual transitions. Furthermore, the reflexes show that dominance durations depend on whether or not the percept is actively reported. In addition, reflexes respond to transitions with shorter latencies than the subjective report and show an abundance of short dominance durations. This failure to report fast changes in dominance may result from limited access of introspection to rivalry dynamics. In sum, reflexes reveal that rivalry is a gradual process, rivalry's dynamics is modulated by the required action (response mode), and that rapid transitions in perceptual dominance can slip away from awareness.
format	article
author	Marnix Naber Stefan Frässle Wolfgang Einhäuser
author_facet	Marnix Naber Stefan Frässle Wolfgang Einhäuser
author_sort	Marnix Naber
title	Perceptual rivalry: reflexes reveal the gradual nature of visual awareness.
title_short	Perceptual rivalry: reflexes reveal the gradual nature of visual awareness.
title_full	Perceptual rivalry: reflexes reveal the gradual nature of visual awareness.
title_fullStr	Perceptual rivalry: reflexes reveal the gradual nature of visual awareness.
title_full_unstemmed	Perceptual rivalry: reflexes reveal the gradual nature of visual awareness.
title_sort	perceptual rivalry: reflexes reveal the gradual nature of visual awareness.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/b3ad32cd762347b8ae042ba66f331870
work_keys_str_mv	AT marnixnaber perceptualrivalryreflexesrevealthegradualnatureofvisualawareness AT stefanfrassle perceptualrivalryreflexesrevealthegradualnatureofvisualawareness AT wolfgangeinhauser perceptualrivalryreflexesrevealthegradualnatureofvisualawareness
_version_	1718424250214252544

Perceptual rivalry: reflexes reveal the gradual nature of visual awareness.

Ejemplares similares