The influence of water–rock interactions on household well water in an area of high prevalence chronic kidney disease of unknown aetiology (CKDu)

Abstract Poor drinking water quality in household wells is hypothesised as being a potential contributor to the high prevalence of chronic kidney disease of uncertain aetiology (CKDu) among the farming communities of the Medawachchiya area, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. One of the natural processes that...

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Autores principales:	Liza K. McDonough, Karina T. Meredith, Chandima Nikagolla, Richard B. Banati
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b3baa7b443bc4bacbf3a5c694486f3a6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b3baa7b443bc4bacbf3a5c694486f3a62021-12-02T13:49:53ZThe influence of water–rock interactions on household well water in an area of high prevalence chronic kidney disease of unknown aetiology (CKDu)10.1038/s41545-020-00092-02059-7037https://doaj.org/article/b3baa7b443bc4bacbf3a5c694486f3a62021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41545-020-00092-0https://doaj.org/toc/2059-7037Abstract Poor drinking water quality in household wells is hypothesised as being a potential contributor to the high prevalence of chronic kidney disease of uncertain aetiology (CKDu) among the farming communities of the Medawachchiya area, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. One of the natural processes that can affect water quality is the dissolution of minerals contained within an aquifer by water–rock interactions (WRIs). Here we present a comprehensive assessment of WRIs and their influence on the water chemistry in household wells and spring waters in the Medawachchiya area by combining measurements of environmental isotopes, such as strontium, lithium and stable carbon isotopes and inorganic chemistry parameters, and modelling geochemical mass balance reactions between rainfall and groundwater samples. Our results reveal the presence of strontium, dissolved from both silicate and carbonate minerals, with high isotopic (87Sr/86Sr) ratios of up to 0.7316. Geochemical mass balance modelling and prior 87Sr/86Sr studies on the Wanni Complex bedrock suggest these strontium values may be the result of biotite dissolution. We also identify lithium and uranium contributed from the dissolution of silicates, albeit at concentrations too low to constitute a known health risk. In contrast, the levels of magnesium and calcium in our samples are high and demonstrate that, despite the felsic bedrock, well water chemistry in the Medawachchiya area is dominated by carbonate dissolution.Liza K. McDonoughKarina T. MeredithChandima NikagollaRichard B. BanatiNature PortfolioarticleWater supply for domestic and industrial purposesTD201-500ENnpj Clean Water, Vol 4, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
spellingShingle	Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 Liza K. McDonough Karina T. Meredith Chandima Nikagolla Richard B. Banati The influence of water–rock interactions on household well water in an area of high prevalence chronic kidney disease of unknown aetiology (CKDu)
description	Abstract Poor drinking water quality in household wells is hypothesised as being a potential contributor to the high prevalence of chronic kidney disease of uncertain aetiology (CKDu) among the farming communities of the Medawachchiya area, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. One of the natural processes that can affect water quality is the dissolution of minerals contained within an aquifer by water–rock interactions (WRIs). Here we present a comprehensive assessment of WRIs and their influence on the water chemistry in household wells and spring waters in the Medawachchiya area by combining measurements of environmental isotopes, such as strontium, lithium and stable carbon isotopes and inorganic chemistry parameters, and modelling geochemical mass balance reactions between rainfall and groundwater samples. Our results reveal the presence of strontium, dissolved from both silicate and carbonate minerals, with high isotopic (87Sr/86Sr) ratios of up to 0.7316. Geochemical mass balance modelling and prior 87Sr/86Sr studies on the Wanni Complex bedrock suggest these strontium values may be the result of biotite dissolution. We also identify lithium and uranium contributed from the dissolution of silicates, albeit at concentrations too low to constitute a known health risk. In contrast, the levels of magnesium and calcium in our samples are high and demonstrate that, despite the felsic bedrock, well water chemistry in the Medawachchiya area is dominated by carbonate dissolution.
format	article
author	Liza K. McDonough Karina T. Meredith Chandima Nikagolla Richard B. Banati
author_facet	Liza K. McDonough Karina T. Meredith Chandima Nikagolla Richard B. Banati
author_sort	Liza K. McDonough
title	The influence of water–rock interactions on household well water in an area of high prevalence chronic kidney disease of unknown aetiology (CKDu)
title_short	The influence of water–rock interactions on household well water in an area of high prevalence chronic kidney disease of unknown aetiology (CKDu)
title_full	The influence of water–rock interactions on household well water in an area of high prevalence chronic kidney disease of unknown aetiology (CKDu)
title_fullStr	The influence of water–rock interactions on household well water in an area of high prevalence chronic kidney disease of unknown aetiology (CKDu)
title_full_unstemmed	The influence of water–rock interactions on household well water in an area of high prevalence chronic kidney disease of unknown aetiology (CKDu)
title_sort	influence of water–rock interactions on household well water in an area of high prevalence chronic kidney disease of unknown aetiology (ckdu)
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b3baa7b443bc4bacbf3a5c694486f3a6
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The influence of water–rock interactions on household well water in an area of high prevalence chronic kidney disease of unknown aetiology (CKDu)

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